Bistability breaks-off deterministic responses to intracortical stimulation during non-REM sleep
| العنوان: | Bistability breaks-off deterministic responses to intracortical stimulation during non-REM sleep |
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| المؤلفون: | J. Matias Palva, Silvia Casarotto, Maurizio Mariotti, Andrea Pigorini, Giorgio Lo Russo, Caroline Szymanski, Matteo Fecchio, Simone Sarasso, Lino Nobili, Marcello Massimini, Mario Rosanova, Gabriele Arnulfo, Paola Proserpio |
| المساهمون: | Neuroscience Center, Matias Palva / Principal Investigator |
| المصدر: | NeuroImage Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Vol 9 (2015) |
| بيانات النشر: | Frontiers Media SA, 2015. |
| سنة النشر: | 2015 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Drug Resistant Epilepsy, NREM SLEEP, BRAIN ACTIVITY, Stimulation, Unconsciousness, 0302 clinical medicine, Thalamus, NETWORK MECHANISMS, Neural Pathways, Premovement neuronal activity, Causality, Consciousness, Down-state, Intracranial, Phase-locking, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrodes, Implanted, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Humans, Neurons, Sleep, Cognitive Neuroscience, Neurology, Medicine (all), IN-VIVO, Slow-wave sleep, 0303 health sciences, LESS-THAN-1 HZ, Sleep in non-human animals, medicine.anatomical_structure, SLOW-WAVE SLEEP, Wakefulness, Psychology, psychological phenomena and processes, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), Non-rapid eye movement sleep, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Developmental Neuroscience, medicine, VISUAL-CORTEX, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Electrodes, 030304 developmental biology, 3112 Neurosciences, Eye movement, NEOCORTICAL NEURONS, Visual cortex, CORTICAL EFFECTIVE CONNECTIVITY, Implanted, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP |
| الوصف: | INTRODUCTION During non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep (stage N3), when consciousness fades, cortico-cortical interactions are impaired while neurons are still active and reactive(Tononi and Massimini, 2008). Why is this? We hypothesized that the same neuronal mechanism that underlies sleep slow waves, that is bistability, between depolarized upstates and hyperpolarized downstate in cortical neurons (Steriade et al., 1993), may substantially impair information transmission within cortical networks. Specifically, we postulated that the inescapable occurrence of a silent, down-state after an initial activation couldbreak-off cortico-cortical causal interactions, thus impairing the ability of thalamocortical circuits to sustain long-range, deterministic patterns of activation, a theoretical requisite for consciousness(Tononi, 2008).Intracranial single-pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) and simultaneous stereotactic EEG (SEEG) recordings offer a unique opportunity to test this hypothesis. First, intracranial recordings allow a reliable detection of cortical down-states as a significant suppression of high frequency power above 20 Hz(Cash et al., 2009). Second, intracranial perturbations with SPES allow assessing cortico-cortical interactions from a causal perspective by calculating the phase locking factor (PLF)(Palva et al., 2005). METHODS We employedSPES and simultaneous stereotactic electroencephalography to compare cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) recorded during wakefulness and NREM sleepin 8 epileptic patients undergoing intra-cerebral stimulations and recordings for clinical evaluation. The number of implanted electrodes (Figure 1) varied based on surgical requirements (max: 15 electrodes, 168 contacts). Stimulation trains (30 pulses, 0.2-1 Hz, 5mA) were delivered through one couple of adjacent contacts, while recordings of LFP were obtained from all other contacts (Figure 1). Preprocessing consisted in a median filtering to remove the artifact due to stimulation, abandpass filtering (0.5-300 Hz, Butterworth, 3rd order) and splitting of trials based on a digital trigger. Contacts showing spontaneous or evoked epileptic activity were removed from further analysis. Data analysis, consisting in time-frequency analysis (Wavelet, 3 cycles) and PLF, were performed using customized MATLAB scripts. RESULTS We observed that, while during wakefulness SPES triggers a widespread pattern of sustained causal effects (phase-locked activity), during NREM sleep the same initial activation induces a cortical downstate in its cortical targets – as reflected by a clear-cut suppression of high frequency (>20Hz) oscillations – that is followed by a break-off of PLF (~200 ms), in spite of restored levels of neuronal activity (Figure 2).These results were reproducible across contacts, significant across contacts at the single subject level (Wilcoxon ranksum test, p |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1662-5137 1053-8119 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/conf.fnsys.2015.06.00007 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::f67c9e1584dda8fd7a95bfbb9002298eTest |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....f67c9e1584dda8fd7a95bfbb9002298e |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 16625137 10538119 |
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| DOI: | 10.3389/conf.fnsys.2015.06.00007 |