Pharmacological Treatment of Anxiety Disorders: The Role of the HPA Axis
| العنوان: | Pharmacological Treatment of Anxiety Disorders: The Role of the HPA Axis |
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| المؤلفون: | Gustavo E. Tafet, Charles B. Nemeroff |
| المصدر: | Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol 11 (2020) Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| بيانات النشر: | Frontiers Media SA, 2020. |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | endocrine system, lcsh:RC435-571, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, Review, Pharmacology, stress, 03 medical and health sciences, Corticotropin-releasing hormone, 0302 clinical medicine, lcsh:Psychiatry, mental disorders, medicine, Escitalopram, Psychiatry, chemistry.chemical_classification, business.industry, corticotropin releasing hormone, anxiety, medicine.disease, Clonazepam, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Mood, Alprazolam, chemistry, Mood disorders, Anxiety, pharmacology, medicine.symptom, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug, Tricyclic |
| الوصف: | Stress in general, and early life stress in particular, has been associated with the development of anxiety and mood disorders. The molecular, biological and psychological links between stress exposure and the pathogenesis of anxiety and mood disorders have been extensively studied, resulting in the search of novel psychopharmacological strategies aimed at targets of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Hyperactivity of the HPA axis has been observed in certain subgroups of patients with anxiety and mood disorders. In addition, the effects of different anti-anxiety agents on various components of the HPA axis has been investigated, including benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). For example, benzodiazepines, including clonazepam and alprazolam, have been demonstrated to reduce the activity of corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) neurons in the hypothalamus. TCAs and SSRIs are also effective anti-anxiety agents and these may act, in part, by modulating the HPA axis. In this regard, the SSRI escitalopram inhibits CRF release in the central nucleus of the amygdala, while increasing glucocorticoid receptor (GRs) density in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. The molecular effects of these anti-anxiety agents in the regulation of the HPA axis, taken together with their clinical efficacy, may provide further understanding about the role of the HPA axis in the pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders, paving the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. |
| تدمد: | 1664-0640 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::8859e089aa4229f7971560deb7922290Test https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00443Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....8859e089aa4229f7971560deb7922290 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 16640640 |
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