Gut Dysbiosis in Animals Due to Environmental Chemical Exposures
| العنوان: | Gut Dysbiosis in Animals Due to Environmental Chemical Exposures |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Cheryl S. Rosenfeld |
| المصدر: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 7 (2017) Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| بيانات النشر: | Frontiers Media S.A., 2017. |
| سنة النشر: | 2017 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Virulence Factors, Immunology, air pollution, lcsh:QR1-502, Virulence, Review, Endocrine Disruptors, Biology, Bacterial Physiological Phenomena, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Metals, Heavy, medicine, Animals, Humans, Obesity, gut-microbiome-brain axis, heavy metals, Gastrointestinal tract, lead, Bacteria, Host (biology), Gastrointestinal Microbiome, arsenic, Brain, Heavy metals, medicine.disease, endocrine disrupting chemicals, 3. Good health, Gastrointestinal Tract, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, 13. Climate action, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Dysbiosis, gastrointestinal system, nanoparticles, Gut dysbiosis, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| الوصف: | The gut microbiome consists of over 103–104 microorganism inhabitants that together possess 150 times more genes that the human genome and thus should be considered an “organ” in of itself. Such communities of bacteria are in dynamic flux and susceptible to changes in host environment and body condition. In turn, gut microbiome disturbances can affect health status of the host. Gut dysbiosis might result in obesity, diabetes, gastrointestinal, immunological, and neurobehavioral disorders. Such host diseases can originate due to shifts in microbiota favoring more pathogenic species that produce various virulence factors, such as lipopolysaccharide. Bacterial virulence factors and metabolites may be transmitted to distal target sites, including the brain. Other potential mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis can affect the host include bacterial-produced metabolites, production of hormones and factors that mimic those produced by the host, and epimutations. All animals, including humans, are exposed daily to various environmental chemicals that can influence the gut microbiome. Exposure to such chemicals might lead to downstream systemic effects that occur secondary to gut microbiome disturbances. Increasing reports have shown that environmental chemical exposures can target both host and the resident gut microbiome. In this review, we will first consider the current knowledge of how endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), heavy metals, air pollution, and nanoparticles can influence the gut microbiome. The second part of the review will consider how potential environmental chemical-induced gut microbiome changes might subsequently induce pathophysiological responses in the host, although definitive evidence for such effects is still lacking. By understanding how these chemicals result in gut dysbiosis, it may open up new remediation strategies in animals, including humans, exposed to such chemicals. |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 2235-2988 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::ae4dfd2fcc4e294f23033281e420245bTest http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2017.00396/fullTest |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....ae4dfd2fcc4e294f23033281e420245b |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 22352988 |
|---|