التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Energetic costs of mange in wolves estimated from infrared thermography. |
| المؤلفون: |
CROSS, P. C., ALMBERG, E. S., HAASE, C. G., HUDSON, P. J., MALONEY, S. K., METZ, M. C., MUNN, A. J., NUGENT, P., PUTZEYS, O., STAHLER, D. R., STEWART, A. C., SMITH, D. W. |
| المصدر: |
Ecology; Aug2016, Vol. 97 Issue 8, p1938-1948, 11p |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
WOLVES, INFRARED thermometers, PARASITE physiology, METABOLIC profile tests, SCAVENGERS (Zoology), PHYSIOLOGY |
| مستخلص: |
Parasites, by definition, extract energy from their hosts and thus affect trophic and food web dynamics even when the parasite may have limited effects on host population size. We studied the energetic costs of mange ( Sarcoptes scabiei) in wolves ( Canis lupus) using thermal cameras to estimate heat losses associated with compromised insulation during the winter. We combined the field data of known, naturally infected wolves with a data set on captive wolves with shaved patches of fur as a positive control to simulate mange-induced hair loss. We predict that during the winter in Montana, more severe mange infection increases heat loss by around 5.2-12 MJ per night (1,240-2,850 kcal, or a 65-78% increase) for small and large wolves, respectively, accounting for wind effects. To maintain body temperature would require a significant proportion of a healthy wolf's total daily energy demands (18-22 MJ/day). We also predict how these thermal costs may increase in colder climates by comparing our predictions in Bozeman, Montana to those from a place with lower ambient temperatures (Fairbanks, Alaska). Contrary to our expectations, the 14°C differential between these regions was not as important as the potential differences in wind speed. These large increases in energetic demands can be mitigated by either increasing consumption rates or decreasing other energy demands. Data from GPS-collared wolves indicated that healthy wolves move, on average, 17 km per day, which was reduced by 1.5, 1.8, and 6.5 km for light, medium, and severe hair loss. In addition, the wolf with the most hair loss was less active at night and more active during the day, which is the converse of the movement patterns of healthy wolves. At the individual level, mange infections create significant energy demands and altered behavioral patterns, this may have cascading effects on prey consumption rates, food web dynamics, predator-prey interactions, and scavenger communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
|
Copyright of Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
| قاعدة البيانات: |
Complementary Index |
