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المؤلفون: Maria Fredsgaard Keller, Lene Ringholm, Peter Damm, Elisabeth R. Mathiesen, Marianne Vestgaard
المصدر: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 152:58-64
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Blood Glucose, Insulin degludec, medicine.medical_specialty, Long acting insulin, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Pregnancy in Diabetics, Insulin Glargine, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Pregnancy, Diabetes mellitus, Prevalence, Internal Medicine, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Glycemic, Glycated Hemoglobin, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, Obstetrics, Pregnancy Outcome, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Hypoglycemia, Hospitalization, Insulin, Long-Acting, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Treatment Outcome, Baseline characteristics, Female, Observational study, business
الوصف: To report glycemic control and pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes on insulin degludec.Twenty-two women with type 1 diabetes on degludec from conception to delivery between 2014 and 2018 were compared with 51 pregnant women with type 1 diabetes on glargine.Baseline characteristics were comparable, however HbA1c was higher at median 9 (range 5-19) weeks in women on degludec compared to women on glargine (6.9% (5.7-8.7); (52 (39-72) mmol/mol) versus 6.4% (5.1-10.1); (46 (32-87) mmol/mol), p = 0.04). HbA1c was similar in late pregnancy (6.3% (5.6-7.1); (45 (38-54) mmol/mol) versus 6.1% (5.2-9.0); (43 (33-75) mmol/mol), p = 0.28). The prevalence of severe hypoglycemia was 3 (14%) versus 6 (12%), p = 1.00 during pregnancy and 0 versus 1, p = 1.00 during hospital admittance after delivery. Most women on degludec used one daily injection in early (20 (91%) versus 25 (49%), p = 0.001) and late pregnancy (21 (96%) versus 19 (37%), p 0.001). No significant differences in obstetrical and neonatal outcomes were found between the groups. Maternal hospital admittance after delivery was 2 (1-5) versus 3 (2-11) days (p = 0.004).Glycemic control in late pregnancy, severe hypoglycemia during and immediately after pregnancy as well as pregnancy outcome were comparable in women on degludec or glargine. Degludec initiated preconceptionally may be continued in pregnancy.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::79f3eec6c727e80d1bde6bc226cf30a4Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.004Test -
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المؤلفون: Noha Yehia, Hanan Mohamed Mahmoud, Merhan Samy, Mohammed Saad Hamed
المصدر: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 152:53-57
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Insulin Antibodies, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Group ii, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Gastroenterology, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 8, 030212 general & internal medicine, Autoantibodies, Glycemic, Type 1 diabetes, C-Peptide, Glutamate Decarboxylase, business.industry, Poor glycemic control, Autoantibody, General Medicine, Anthropometry, medicine.disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Egypt, Female, business
الوصف: Background T1DM is divided into 1A (immune-mediated), 1B (virus-triggered, genetic and idiopathic). Presence of auto-antibodies may be correlated to glycemic control. Aim Assessment relation between the autoantibodies and the poor glycemic control in T1DM. Methods 60 patients T1DM 30 males, 30 females, subjected to full history, clinical, anthropometric assessment and laboratory assessment of fasting C-peptide, FBS, 2 h PP glucose, HbA1c, GADA, ICA and IAA level. Classified into two groups; Group I: negative auto-antibodies, Group II: positive auto-antibodies, Group II was further classified into 3 sub-groups, Group II a:1 positive autoantibody, Group II b: 2 positive autoantibodies and Group II c: 3 positive autoantibodies. Results HbA1c was significantly higher in group II than group I (11.85 ± 1.61% vs. 8.52 ± 0.41%, p = 0.000). HbA1c was highest in group IIc followed by IIb then IIa (12.25 ± 1.48% vs. 11.57 ± 1.59% vs. 10.78 ± 1.73%, p = 0.038). Total insulin units per day was significantly higher in group II than group I (109.83 ± 7.77 U/day vs. 100.83 ± 1.83 U/day, p = 0.007). Duration of diabetes was significantly higher in group I than group II (10.17 ± 1.94 years vs. 8.11 ± 2.20 years, p = 0.033). HbA1c, total insulin units per day and duration of diabetes were independent predictive factors for presence of autoantibodies (p = 0.007, p = 0.033 and p = 0.043 respectively). Conclusion Autoantibodies affect the glycemic control presented by high HbA1c; also it causes increase in total insulin units needed by patients; the more autoantibodies, the higher HbA1c, the more insulin units required to control glycemic state.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a2234c81be33f9501b6d265b553ad10cTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.04.026Test -
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المؤلفون: L. Czupryniak, Jacek Wolf, Krzysztof Narkiewicz, Beata Graff, Bogumił Wolnik, Elżbieta Orłowska-Kunikowska, Magdalena Blaszkowska
المصدر: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 152:96-102
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Hypoglycemia, Patient Care Planning, 03 medical and health sciences, Hba1c level, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Glycated Hemoglobin, Type 1 diabetes, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, business.industry, Continuous glucose monitoring, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, nutritional and metabolic diseases, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Increased risk, Diabetes control, Cardiovascular Diseases, Target HbA1c level, Disease Progression, Female, business, Diabetic Angiopathies, Follow-Up Studies
الوصف: Hyperglycemia is the major factor underlying vascular complications of diabetes. Unfortunately, improved glycemia control is frequently accompanied by an increased risk of hypoglycemia. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and 1-week Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) data in long-standing type 1 diabetes (T1DM).We recruited 58 subjects with long-standing T1DM consecutively enrolled to the study. Each patient underwent a 1-week CGM and laboratory profile at baseline. Subjects were divided into three subgroups according to baseline HbA1c tertiles: T1 7.1%, T2 = 7.1-8.0%, and T3 8.0%.T1 patients were characterized by the longest time in range (66% of a week), whereas T3 patients experienced hyperglycemia in50% time of the week. T1 patients were noted to have 25% of nighttime with glycemia3.9 mmol/L (8% with glycemia2.8 mmol/L). Most recent HbA1c closely reflected 10-years mean HbA1c values (R = 0.83; P 0.0001).(1) Long-term diabetes control (10 years HbA1c mean) is a strong predictor of the current HbA1c levels. (2) Current and historical HbA1c levels are closely linked to CGM-derived glycemia. (3) Risk of clinically significant hypoglycemia negatively correlates with HbA1c. (4) HbA1c 8.0% is associated with unsatisfactorily low (44%) time in range.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::618a07515018b788e329dda92f8fc0c3Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.010Test -
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المؤلفون: Volkert Siersma, Annemette Anker Nielsen, Anne Rasmussen, Sine Hangaard, Kirsten Engelhart Nielsen, Per Holstein, Thomas Almdal
المصدر: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 151:177-186
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, Risk Assessment, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Mass Screening, 030212 general & internal medicine, Foot Ulcer, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, Hazard ratio, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, Diabetic retinopathy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Diabetic Foot, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetic foot ulcer, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Risk assessment, business
الوصف: Aim Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a major complication of both Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D); however research into risk factors for DFU does not separate between these two types. The purpose of the present investigation was to identify risk factors for development of first time DFU (FTDFU) over a period of 15 years in patients with T1D and T2D separately. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 25,220 feet from 5588 patients with T1D and 7113 patients with T2D treated in the period 2001–2015. Data on baseline characteristics and comorbidities were collected from electronic patient records. Influences of various risk factors for the development of FTDFU were assessed by hazard ratios (HR) from Cox proportional hazard regression models on time from enrolment to FTDFU diagnosis or end-of-follow-up. Results In T1D independent risk factors were male sex, age >60 years, high HbA1c, long diabetes duration, history of cardiovascular disease, macro-albuminuria, decreased visual acuity, advanced diabetic retinopathy, decreased/absent vibration sense, presence of patient reported symptoms of neuropathy, and absence of foot pulses. In T2D the independent risk factors were the same except age >60 years, a history of cardiovascular disease, and long diabetes duration. Conclusions This study documents that much of the standard clinical information obtained as part of the routine follow-up are also independent risk factors for development of FTDFU. This may be used to create a basis for in which patient and when prevention should be started.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::d3ebc1ed97890b51f009e13bdd4868ecTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.04.021Test -
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المصدر: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 151:224-230
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Population, Iceland, Prevalence, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Rate ratio, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Family history, education, Aged, Type 1 diabetes, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, business
الوصف: Aims Type1 diabetes is generally regarded as an abruptly presenting disease in children without family history. The incidence and prevalence of insulin requiring diabetes in adults is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify this issue by examining the epidemiology of type 1 diabetes diagnosed in adulthood in a countrýs whole population. Methods Complete clinical and prescription data were used to identify cases of insulin requiring diabetes in the Icelandic population 18 years and older during the decade preceding February 2013. Health care databases and the insulin reimbursement system allowed for near 100% ascertainment of cases. Results Mean age at diagnosis was 32.1 years. The WHO age-adjusted incidence rate was 4.29/100.000 individuals and the point prevalence 0.10%. One fourth of cases were diagnosed after the age of forty. The male-to-female incidence rate ratio was 1.59. Almost 30% of cases presented with diabetic ketoacidosis and 40% had a positive family history. Conclusion Type 1 like diabetes commonly presents in adults and family history is not rare. One can expect one case of type 1 diabetes in adults for every two children diagnosed. These results emphasize the need to acknowledge the possibility of absolute insulin deficiency in any newly presenting adult with diabetes.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::63e43f8ab60edfd28af46344420ca23aTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.04.023Test -
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المؤلفون: Stephanie Griggs, Nancy S. Redeker, Margaret Grey
المصدر: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 150:17-26
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Blood Glucose, Sleep Wake Disorders, endocrine system, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Article, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, immune system diseases, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, Glycemic, Type 1 diabetes, Self-management, business.industry, nutritional and metabolic diseases, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Sleep in non-human animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Sleep, business
الوصف: Only 14% of young adults with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) achieve targets for glycemic control (HbA1C < 7.0%), with deterioration over time. Complex cognitive processes required to manage glycemia are vulnerable to sleep deficiency. Using Whittemore and Knafl’s approach, we conducted an integrative review of research literature on sleep characteristics and glycemia in these young adults. Quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (v. 2011). Multiple databases were searched for articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals from 2003 to 2018, using search terms ‘sleep’ and ‘T1D’ with age limiters 18–40. Of 218 studies initially retrieved, 17 original studies met the inclusion criteria. The following themes were identified in young adults with T1D: (1) They had poorer objective and subjective sleep quality, more variability, and impaired awakening response to hypoglycemia compared with controls; (2) They had poorer glycemic control that was associated with shorter sleep duration, poorer sleep quality, and less time in deep sleep; and (3) Hypoglycemia negatively impacted diabetes management, sleep quality, and next day functioning. Sleep deficiency, as indicated by short sleep duration is associated with a range of negative health outcomes for people with T1D; therefore, optimizing sleep should be a priority in practice and research.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::6925ee0734b265f017b94172a34cc664Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.02.012Test -
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المؤلفون: Asher Fawwad, Abdul Basit, Janelle A. Noble, Clive Wasserfall, Mohammad Yakoob Ahmedani, Graham D. Ogle, Denira Govender, Steven J. Mack, Mark A. Atkinson, Julie A. Lane
المصدر: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 149:9-17
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, Human leukocyte antigen, Article, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Pakistan, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, HLA-DRB1, Autoantibodies, Type 1 diabetes, C-Peptide, C-peptide, business.industry, Infant, Mean age, Diabetology, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, chemistry, Child, Preschool, Female, business, HLA-DRB1 Chains
الوصف: Published information on diabetes in Pakistani youth is limited. We aimed to investigate the demographic, clinical, and biochemical features, and HLA-DRB1 alleles in new cases of diabetes affecting children and adolescents
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::bd3f86152377b9bc683303fe91b770a9Test
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.01.023Test -
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المؤلفون: Craig Kollman, Ronnie Aronson, Zoey Li, Aihua Li, Loren Yavelberg, Michael C. Riddell, Ruth E. Brown, Rubin Pooni
المصدر: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 148:137-143
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Physical Exertion, Insulin Glargine, Pilot Projects, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, High-Intensity Interval Training, Interval training, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Heart Rate, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Heart rate, Internal Medicine, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Exercise, Rating of perceived exertion, Type 1 diabetes, Reproducibility, business.industry, High intensity, Basal insulin, Reproducibility of Results, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Exercise Therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Cardiology, Female, Energy Metabolism, business
الوصف: Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) often report a rise in their blood glucose level following brief intense exercise. We sought to determine the reproducibility of the cardiometabolic responses to high-intensity interval training (HIIT).Sixteen adults with T1D, using an optimized multiple daily injection with basal insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300), performed four fasted HIIT sessions over a 4-6-week period. Exercise consisted of high-intensity interval cycling and multimodal training over 25 min.Heart rate and rating of perceived exertion rose similarly in all sessions, as did lactate, catecholamine and growth hormone levels. Plasma glucose increased in response to HIIT in 62 of 64 visits (97%), with an overall increase of 3.7 ± 1.6 mmol/L (Mean ± SD) (P 0.001). In within-patient comparisons, the change in plasma glucose among the four HIIT sessions was significantly correlated with a composite correlation of 0.58 ([rIntersession observations of four separate HIIT sessions showed high intrasubject reproducibility in the cardiometabolic responses to exercise, including the rise in plasma glucose, when adults with T1D perform the activity in a fasted state.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::2ce1034c643de1ab02971bca6d95370aTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.01.003Test -
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المؤلفون: Anna Elisabeth Minder, Christian Pruente, Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth, Roger Lehmann, Alexandra Kaider, Henryk Zulewski, Tilman Drescher, Katja Hatz, Bianca S. Gerendas
المصدر: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 148:234-239
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Patient Education as Topic, Interquartile range, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Prevalence, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Stage (cooking), Glycated Hemoglobin, Type 1 diabetes, Diabetic Retinopathy, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, General Medicine, Diabetic retinopathy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Combined Modality Therapy, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, business, Retinopathy
الوصف: Aim Prevalence of retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 1 diabetes treated with education-based intensified insulin therapy (EBIIT) and its association with parameters of glucose control. Methods 151 patients with mean diabetes duration of 14.3 years [SD ± 5.8]) were analyzed. Eyes were examined using standardized 7 field ETDRS (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) settings and images analyzed by a professional external reading center. The glucose exposure over time was defined as HbA1c years, i.e. the sum of the differences between annual mean HbA1c (in %) minus the ideal HbA1c of 6.0% (42 mmol/mol) for each diabetes year (e.g. HbA1c of 8% (64 mmol/mol) over 6 years gives an excess HbA1c of 2.0% (22 for mmol/mol) for 6 years, resulting in 12 HbA1c years (or 131 for mmol/mol)). Results The median (interquartile range) of individual mean HbA1c was 7.3% (6.8–7.8) [56 mmol/mol (51–62)]. and the median HbA1c years was 16.8 (9.1–29.1) [183 mmol/mol (99–319)]. No evidence for DR was found in 59 patients (39%), stage 1 DR in 43 (28.5%), stage 2 in 41 (27.2%), stage 3 in 7 (4.6%) and proliferative DR stage 4 in 1 patient. The best correlation between severity of DR and diabetes control measures was found for HbA1c years (Pearson r = 0.41, p Conclusions In type 1 diabetes EBIIT is associated with good diabetes control and a low prevalence of DR. The cumulative glucose exposure over time given as HbA1c years is the best predictor for development of DR. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02307110.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::1cdc2e7d2c49d77eb43fef1e5111b40eTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.01.016Test -
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المؤلفون: Joanna Urban, Aleksandra Żebrowska, Barbara Hall, Rafał Banaś, Adam Maszczyk
المصدر: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 144:126-136
مصطلحات موضوعية: Adult, Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Physical exercise, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Insulin-like growth factor, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Insulin, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Muscle atrophy, Exercise Therapy, Vascular endothelial growth factor, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, chemistry, Cardiovascular Diseases, Glycemic Index, Case-Control Studies, Cytokines, Female, Inflammation Mediators, medicine.symptom, business
الوصف: Aims Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an important risk factor for cognitive decline and motor dysfunction due to progressive muscular atrophy. Chronic hyperglycemia may be responsible for impaired vascular function, loss of muscle mass, and morphological abnormalities in the myocytes. For the proper functioning of the neuromuscular system, two crucial growth factors are necessary: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), whose reduced expressions have been implicated in progressive neuropathy and muscle atrophy in patients with T1DM. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of two different exercise regimes (continuous and intermittent) on BDNF, IGF-1, blood glucose and inflammatory cytokine responses in young adults with and without Type 1 diabetes. Methods Fourteen patients (aged: 26.9 years) with T1DM and age-matched adults without diabetes participated in a 40 min continuous exercise (ExC, 50% of lactate threshold) and a high intensity intermittent exercise (ExInt, 120% of lactate threshold). During the study the patients performed self-monitoring of blood glucose levels (SMBG) under glycemic control. The effects of ExC and ExInt on BDNF, IGF-1, insulin like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP-3), insulin (INS), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed. Results BDNF and IGF-1 baseline serum levels were significantly lower in the T1DM patients compared to the healthy controls, but we found that ExInt and ExC significantly increase the secretion of BDNF and IGF-1 levels. Significant increases in BDNF and TGF-β levels, higher blood glucose decline, and a lower incidence of hypoglycaemia in ExInt compared to ExC were observed. Lower IGFBP-3 concentrations were revealed in T1DM patients in response to ExInt compared to ExC, suggesting a positive effect on IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio and the bioavailability of IGF-1. Conclusions According to our results physical exercise has beneficial effects on serum BDNF and IGF-1 levels. A high-intensity intermittent exercise may be more effective at reducing the risk of exercise-induced glycaemic disorders in the T1DM patients as compared to continuous exercise.
الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::81e7bce2d07888fad5fdf15cdd0c3facTest
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2018.08.018Test
