التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Glutamate Is a Positive Autocrine Signal for Glucagon Release. |
| المؤلفون: |
Cabrera, Over, Jacques-Silva, M. Caroline, Speier, Stephan, Yang, Shao-Nian, Köhler, Martin, Fachado, Alberto, Vieira, Elaine, Zierath, Juleen R., Kibbey, Richard, Berman, Dora M., Kenyon, Norma S., Ricordi, Camillo, Caicedo, Alejandro, Berggren, Per-Olof |
| المصدر: |
Cell Metabolism; Jun2008, Vol. 7 Issue 6, p545-554, 10p |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
GLUTAMIC acid, AUTOCRINE mechanisms, GLUCAGON, GLUCOSE |
| مستخلص: |
Summary: An important feature of glucose homeostasis is the effective release of glucagon from the pancreatic α cell. The molecular mechanisms regulating glucagon secretion are still poorly understood. We now demonstrate that human α cells express ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) that are essential for glucagon release. A lowering in glucose concentration results in the release of glutamate from the α cell. Glutamate then acts on iGluRs of the AMPA/kainate type, resulting in membrane depolarization, opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, increase in cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration, and enhanced glucagon release. In vivo blockade of iGluRs reduces glucagon secretion and exacerbates insulin-induced hypoglycemia in mice. Hence, the glutamate autocrine feedback loop endows the α cell with the ability to effectively potentiate its own secretory activity. This is a prerequisite to guarantee adequate glucagon release despite relatively modest changes in blood glucose concentration under physiological conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] |
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