التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Watermasses as a unifying framework for understanding the Southern Ocean carbon cycle. |
| المؤلفون: |
Iudicone, D., Stendardo, I., Aumont, O., Rodgers, K. B., Madec, G., Bopp, L., Mangoni, O., Ribera d'Alcala, M. |
| المصدر: |
Biogeosciences Discussions; 2010, Vol. 7 Issue 3, p3393-3451, 59p, 6 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 8 Graphs, 1 Map |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
CARBON cycle, OCEAN-atmosphere interaction, GAS exchange in plants, MERIDIONAL overturning circulation, EFFECT of human beings on climate change |
| مصطلحات جغرافية: |
ANTARCTIC Ocean |
| مستخلص: |
A watermass-based framework is presented for a quantitative understanding of the processes controlling the cycling of carbon in the Southern Ocean. The approach is developed using a model simulation of the global carbon transports within the ocean and with the atmosphere. It is shown how the watermass framework sheds light on the interplay between biology, air-sea gas exchange, and internal ocean transport including diapycnal processes, and the way in which this interplay controls the large-scale oceanatmosphere carbon exchange. The simulated pre-industrial regional patterns of DIC distribution and the global distribution of the pre-industrial air-sea CO2 fluxes compare well with other model results and with results from an ocean inversion method. The main differences are found in the Southern Ocean where the model presents a stronger CO2 outgassing south of the polar front, a result of the upwelling of DIC-rich deep waters into the surface layer. North of the subantarctic front the typical temperature-driven solubility effect produces a net ingassing of CO2. The biological controls on surface CO2 fluxes through primary production is generally smaller than the temperature effect on solubility. Novel to this study is also a Lagrangian trajectory analysis of the meridional transport of DIC. The analysis allows to evaluate the contribution of separate branches of the global thermohaline circulation (identified by watermasses) to the vertical distribution of DIC throughout the Southern Ocean and towards the global ocean. The most important new result is that the overturning associated with Subantarctic Mode Waters sustains a northward net transport of DIC (15.7×107 mol/s across 30° S). This new finding, which has also relevant implications on the prediction of anthropogenic carbon redistribution, results from the specific mechanism of SAMW formation and its source waters whose consequences on tracer transports are analyzed for the first time in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| قاعدة البيانات: |
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