المؤلفون: Rosa, Maria José, Pedretti, Nicolo Foppa, Goldson, Brandon, Mathews, Nicole, Merced-Nieves, Francheska, Xhani, Naim, Enlow, Michelle Bosquet, Gershon, Richard, Ho, Emily, Huddleston, Kathi, Wright, Robert O, Wright, Rosalind J, Colicino, Elena

المصدر: American Journal of Epidemiology; Apr2024, Vol. 193 Issue 4, p606-616, 11p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PREGNANCY, DATABASE management, PRENATAL exposure delayed effects, T-test (Statistics), COGNITION in children, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, METALS

مصطلحات جغرافية: UNITED States

مستخلص: We applied a novel hierarchical Bayesian weighted quantile sum (HBWQS) regression to combine data across 3 study sites to examine associations between prenatal exposure to metals and cognitive functioning in childhood. Data from 326 mother-child dyads enrolled in an ongoing cohort study, the Programming of Intergenerational Stress Mechanisms (PRISM) Study, based in New York, New York (recruitment in 2013–2020) and Boston, Massachusetts (recruitment 2011–2013), and the First Thousand Days of Life (FTDL) cohort study (recruitment 2012–2019), based in northern Virginia, were used. Arsenic, cadmium, manganese, lead, and antimony were measured in urine collected during pregnancy. Cognitive functioning was assessed in children aged 3–11 years using the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery. The HBWQS regression showed a negative association between the urinary metal mixture and the Cognition Early Childhood Composite Score in the PRISM New York City (β = −3.67, 95% credible interval (CrI): −7.61, −0.01) and FTDL (β = −3.76, 95% CrI: −7.66, −0.24) samples, with a similar trend in the PRISM Boston sample (β = −3.24, 95% CrI: −6.77, 0.144). We did not detect these associations in traditionally pooled models. HBWQS regression allowed us to account for site heterogeneity and detect associations between prenatal metal-mixture exposure and cognitive outcomes in childhood. Given the ubiquity of metals exposure, interventions aimed at reducing prenatal exposure may improve cognitive outcomes in children. This article is part of a Special Collection on Environmental Epidemiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of American Journal of Epidemiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Wang, Shuang, Puggioni, Gavino, Wu, Jing, Meador, Kimford J, Caffrey, Aisling, Wyss, Richard, Slaughter, Jonathan L, Suzuki, Etsuji, Ward, Kristina E, Lewkowitz, Adam K, Wen, Xuerong

المصدر: American Journal of Epidemiology; Feb2024, Vol. 193 Issue 2, p308-322, 15p

مصطلحات موضوعية: HUMAN abnormalities, RETROSPECTIVE studies, PRENATAL exposure delayed effects, PREGNANCY outcomes, CHILD psychopathology, PREGNANCY complications, RESEARCH funding, FACTOR analysis, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, OPIOID analgesics, DATA analysis software, LONGITUDINAL method

مصطلحات جغرافية: UNITED States

مستخلص: This study explores natural direct and joint natural indirect effects (JNIE) of prenatal opioid exposure on neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in children mediated through pregnancy complications, major and minor congenital malformations, and adverse neonatal outcomes, using Medicaid claims linked to vital statistics in Rhode Island, United States, 2008–2018. A Bayesian mediation analysis with elastic net shrinkage prior was developed to estimate mean time to NDD diagnosis ratio using posterior mean and 95% credible intervals (CrIs) from Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms. Simulation studies showed desirable model performance. Of 11,176 eligible pregnancies, 332 had ≥2 dispensations of prescription opioids anytime during pregnancy, including 200 (1.8%) having ≥1 dispensation in the first trimester (T1), 169 (1.5%) in the second (T2), and 153 (1.4%) in the third (T3). A significant JNIE of opioid exposure was observed in each trimester (T1, JNIE = 0.97, 95% CrI: 0.95, 0.99; T2, JNIE = 0.97, 95% CrI: 0.95, 0.99; T3, JNIE = 0.96, 95% CrI: 0.94, 0.99). The proportion of JNIE in each trimester was 17.9% (T1), 22.4% (T2), and 56.3% (T3). In conclusion, adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes jointly mediated the association between prenatal opioid exposure and accelerated time to NDD diagnosis. The proportion of JNIE increased as the timing of opioid exposure approached delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of American Journal of Epidemiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Pan, Ke, Bazzano, Lydia A, Betha, Kalpana, Charlton, Brittany M, Chavarro, Jorge E, Cordero, Christina, Gunderson, Erica P, Haggerty, Catherine L, Hart, Jaime E, Jukic, Anne Marie, Ley, Sylvia H, Mishra, Gita D, Mumford, Sunni L, Schisterman, Enrique F, Schliep, Karen, Shaffer, Jeffrey G, Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela, Stanford, Joseph B, Wilcox, Allen J, Wise, Lauren A

المصدر: American Journal of Epidemiology; Dec2023, Vol. 192 Issue 12, p2033-2049, 17p

مصطلحات موضوعية: MATERNAL health services, EVALUATION of medical care, FAMILY planning, SUBSTANCE abuse in pregnancy, CHRONIC diseases, SELF-evaluation, CATALOGING, GESTATIONAL age, RACE, FAMILIES, HEALTH status indicators, DATABASE management, PRENATAL exposure delayed effects, RISK assessment, INCOME, PREGNANCY complications, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, PRECONCEPTION care, REPRODUCTIVE health, LONGITUDINAL method, WOMEN'S health, EDUCATIONAL attainment, DISEASE risk factors

مستخلص: The Preconception Period Analysis of Risks and Exposures Influencing Health and Development (PrePARED) Consortium creates a novel resource for addressing preconception health by merging data from numerous cohort studies. In this paper, we describe our data harmonization methods and results. Individual-level data from 12 prospective studies were pooled. The crosswalk-cataloging-harmonization procedure was used. The index pregnancy was defined as the first postbaseline pregnancy lasting more than 20 weeks. We assessed heterogeneity across studies by comparing preconception characteristics in different types of studies. The pooled data set included 114,762 women, and 25,531 (22%) reported at least 1 pregnancy of more than 20 weeks' gestation during the study period. Babies from the index pregnancies were delivered between 1976 and 2021 (median, 2008), at a mean maternal age of 29.7 (standard deviation, 4.6) years. Before the index pregnancy, 60% of women were nulligravid, 58% had a college degree or more, and 37% were overweight or obese. Other harmonized variables included race/ethnicity, household income, substance use, chronic conditions, and perinatal outcomes. Participants from pregnancy-planning studies had more education and were healthier. The prevalence of preexisting medical conditions did not vary substantially based on whether studies relied on self-reported data. Use of harmonized data presents opportunities to study uncommon preconception risk factors and pregnancy-related events. This harmonization effort laid the groundwork for future analyses and additional data harmonization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of American Journal of Epidemiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Beck, Iben Have, Bilenberg, Niels, Möller, Sören, Nielsen, Flemming, Grandjean, Philippe, Højsager, Frederik Damsgaard, Halldorsson, Thorhallur Ingi, Nielsen, Christel, Jensen, Tina Kold

المصدر: American Journal of Epidemiology; Sep2023, Vol. 192 Issue 9, p1522-1535, 14p

مصطلحات موضوعية: STRUCTURAL equation modeling, STATISTICS, KRUSKAL-Wallis Test, CONFIDENCE intervals, FIRST trimester of pregnancy, MULTIPLE regression analysis, REGRESSION analysis, MANN Whitney U Test, PAIRED comparisons (Mathematics), FLUOROCARBONS, PRENATAL exposure delayed effects, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests, INTELLECT, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, PSYCHOLOGY of school children, BODY mass index, DATA analysis, STATISTICAL correlation, DATA analysis software, LONGITUDINAL method

مصطلحات جغرافية: DENMARK

مستخلص: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent chemicals capable of crossing the placenta and passing into breast milk. Evidence suggests that PFAS exposure may affect brain development. We investigated whether prenatal or early postnatal PFAS exposure was associated with intelligence quotient (IQ) scores in schoolchildren from the Odense Child Cohort (Denmark, 2010–2020). We assessed concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) in maternal serum collected during the first trimester of pregnancy and in child serum at age 18 months. At 7 years of age, children completed an abbreviated version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition, from which Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) and Verbal Comprehension Index scores were estimated. In multiple linear regression analyses conducted among 967 mother-child pairs, a doubling in maternal PFOS and PFNA concentrations was associated with a lower FSIQ score, while no significant associations were observed for PFOA, PFHxS, or PFDA. PFAS concentrations at age 18 months and duration of breastfeeding were strongly correlated, and even in structural equation models it was not possible to differentiate between the opposite effects of PFAS exposure and duration of breastfeeding on FSIQ. PFAS exposure is ubiquitous; therefore, an association with even a small reduction in IQ is of public health concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of American Journal of Epidemiology is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Sagiv, Sharon K, Kogut, Katherine, Harley, Kim, Bradman, Asa, Morga, Norma, Eskenazi, Brenda

المصدر: American Journal of Epidemiology. 190(11)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Mental Health, Behavioral and Social Science, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Pediatric, Mental health, Reproductive health and childbirth, Adolescent, Adult, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Executive Function, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Organophosphates, Pesticides, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Young Adult, attention, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, executive function, gestational exposure, neurodevelopment, organophosphate pesticides, Mathematical Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences

الوصف: The brain's prefrontal cortex directs higher-order cognitive and behavioral processes that are important for attention, working memory, and inhibitory control. We investigated whether gestational exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides was associated with these abilities in childhood and early adolescence. Between 1999 and 2000, we enrolled pregnant women in a birth cohort drawn from an agricultural region of California. We measured dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites of OP pesticides in maternal pregnancy urine samples (13 and 26 weeks) and estimated associations with behaviors related to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and executive function, assessed longitudinally; 351 families provided neurodevelopmental outcome data at any point when the child was aged 7-12 years. We assessed function across multiple dimensions (e.g., working memory, attention), methods (e.g., behavior reports, child assessment), and reporters (e.g., mothers, teachers, child self-reports). Higher gestational DAP concentrations were consistently associated with behaviors related to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and executive function. For example, a 10-fold increase in gestational DAP concentration was associated with poorer longitudinally assessed Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function scores, as reported by mothers (β = 4.0 (95% confidence interval: 2.1, 5.8); a higher score indicates more problems), and Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition Working Memory scores (a 3.8-point reduction; β = -3.8 (95% confidence interval: -6.2, -1.3)). Reducing gestational exposure to OP pesticides through public health policy is an important goal.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6pc6n9k0Test

المؤلفون: Inoue, Kosuke, Ritz, Beate, Ernst, Andreas, Tseng, Wan-Ling, Yuan, Yuying, Meng, Qi, Ramlau-Hansen, Cecilia Høst, Strandberg-Larsen, Katrine, Arah, Onyebuchi A, Obel, Carsten, Li, Jiong, Olsen, Jørn, Liew, Zeyan

المصدر: American journal of epidemiology. 190(6)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Humans, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Acetaminophen, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, Cohort Studies, Child Behavior, Parents, Child Behavior Disorders, Pregnancy, Child, Denmark, Female, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, DNBC, acetaminophen, behavioral problems, multiple informants’ comparison, paracetamol, Behavioral and Social Science, Pediatric, Prevention, Pediatric Research Initiative, Clinical Research, Reproductive health and childbirth, Epidemiology, Mathematical Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences

الوصف: Several studies have reported associations between prenatal acetaminophen exposure and behavioral outcomes in young children. We aimed to evaluate the associations of prenatal and postnatal exposures to acetaminophen with behavioral problems in children at age 11 years, using behavioral measures reported by parents and children. We studied 40,934 mother-child pairs from the Danish National Birth Cohort enrolled during 1996-2002. Parent-reported and child-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) responses were collected during the 11-year follow-up. We estimated risk ratios for behavioral problems including total difficulties as well as internalizing or externalizing behaviors following prenatal (during pregnancy) or postnatal (within the first 18 months after birth) acetaminophen exposure. Parent-reported and child-reported SDQ scores were moderately correlated; higher for externalizing (r = 0.59) than internalizing (r = 0.49) behaviors. Prenatal acetaminophen exposure was associated with 10%-40% higher risks for total difficulties and internalizing and externalizing problems based on parent- or child-reported SDQ, with the association being stronger for greater cumulative weeks of acetaminophen use. Postnatal exposure was associated with 16%-19% higher risks for parent-reported internalizing behaviors, but the associations were weak or null for child-reported scores except for prosocial behavior. Our study corroborates published associations between prenatal exposures to acetaminophen and behavioral problems and extends the literature to early adolescence.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8v19p4mxTest

المؤلفون: Chevrier, Jonathan, Rauch, Stephen, Crause, Madelein, Obida, Muvhulawa, Gaspar, Fraser, Bornman, Riana, Eskenazi, Brenda

المصدر: American Journal of Epidemiology. 188(1)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Rare Diseases, Conditions Affecting the Embryonic and Fetal Periods, Infant Mortality, Vector-Borne Diseases, Pediatric, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Aetiology, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Birth Weight, Cigarette Smoking, DDT, Female, Fetal Development, Gestational Age, HIV Infections, Humans, Insecticides, Linear Models, Malaria, Maternal Exposure, Pesticide Residues, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Pyrethrins, Sex Factors, Single-Blind Method, Socioeconomic Factors, South Africa, Young Adult, birth outcomes, birth weight, indoor residual spraying, insecticides, marginal structural models, pyrethroids, Mathematical Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences

الوصف: Although effective in controlling malaria, indoor residual spraying results in elevated exposure to insecticides such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and pyrethroids. These chemicals cross the placenta, but no studies have examined their associations with birth outcomes in populations residing in indoor residual spraying areas. We investigated this question in the Venda Health Examination of Mothers, Babies and Their Environment (VHEMBE), a birth cohort study of 751 South African children born between 2012 and 2013. We measured maternal peripartum serum DDT and urine pyrethroid metabolite concentrations and collected data on birth weight, length, head circumference, and duration of gestation. We analyzed the data using marginal structural models with inverse-probability-of-treatment weights, generalized propensity scores, and standard conditional linear regression. Using all 3 analytical methods, p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, and to a lesser extent p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene were related to elevated birth weight, birth length, and head circumference among girls. Changes in gestational duration did not mediate this relationship, suggesting that these exposures accelerate fetal growth, which is consistent with the known estrogenic properties of o,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDT. No associations with pyrethroid metabolites were found. Results suggest that prenatal exposure to DDT is related to elevated birth size. Further studies are needed to elucidate the implications of these findings.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/60p586fhTest

المؤلفون: Roh, Taehyun, Steinmaus, Craig, Marshall, Guillermo, Ferreccio, Catterina, Liaw, Jane, Smith, Allan H

المصدر: American Journal of Epidemiology. 187(11)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Cancer, Lung, Prevention, Foodborne Illness, Lung Cancer, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Aetiology, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Age Factors, Arsenic, Bronchiectasis, Child, Child, Preschool, Chile, Drinking Water, Environmental Exposure, Female, Health Behavior, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Kidney Neoplasms, Laryngeal Neoplasms, Lung Neoplasms, Male, Maternal Exposure, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Sex Distribution, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Young Adult, age at first exposure, arsenic, drinking water, Mathematical Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences

الوصف: Arsenic in drinking water is known to cause cancer and noncancer diseases, but little is known about its association with age at exposure. Here, we investigated age at arsenic exposure and mortality in Antofagasta, Chile, 30-40 years after a distinct period of very high water arsenic concentrations (1958-1970). We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) comparing Antofagasta with the rest of Chile for 2001-2010 by sex and age at potential first exposure. A remarkable relationship with age at first exposure was found for bronchiectasis, with increased risk in adults 30-40 years after exposure being confined to those who were in utero (SMR = 11.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.3, 25.4) or aged 1-10 years (SMR = 5.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 15.8) during the high-exposure period. Increased SMRs for lung, bladder, and laryngeal cancer were evident for exposures starting at all ages, but the highest SMRs were for exposures beginning at birth (for bladder cancer, SMR = 16.0 (95% CI: 10.3, 23.8); for laryngeal cancer, SMR = 6.8 (95% CI: 2.2, 15.8); for lung cancer, SMR = 3.8 (95% CI: 2.9, 4.9)). These findings suggest that interventions targeting early-life arsenic exposure could have major impacts in reducing long-term mortality due to arsenic 30-40 years after exposure ends.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1s47r9tgTest

المؤلفون: Kubo, Ai, Deardorff, Julianna, Laurent, Cecile A, Ferrara, Assiamira, Greenspan, Louise C, Quesenberry, Charles P, Kushi, Lawrence H

المصدر: American Journal of Epidemiology. 187(7)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Public Health, Health Sciences, Nutrition, Prevention, Contraception/Reproduction, Conditions Affecting the Embryonic and Fetal Periods, Obesity, Clinical Research, Pediatric, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Metabolic and endocrine, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Black or African American, Asian, Body Mass Index, California, Child, Female, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Maternal Age, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Proportional Hazards Models, Puberty, Sexual Maturation, Time Factors, White People, Mathematical Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology

الوصف: Early puberty is associated with adverse health outcomes. We investigated whether in utero exposure to maternal obesity is associated with daughters' pubertal timing using 15,267 racially/ethnically diverse Kaiser Permanente Northern California members aged 6-11 years with pediatrician-assessed Tanner staging (2003-2017). We calculated maternal body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) during pregnancy from the electronic health record data. Using a proportional hazards model with interval censoring, we examined the associations between maternal obesity and girls' pubertal timing, as well as effect modification by race/ethnicity and mediation by prepubertal BMI. Maternal obesity (BMI ≥30) and overweight (BMI 25-29.9) were associated with earlier onset of breast development in girls (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.39 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30, 1.49) and HR = 1.21 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.29), respectively), after adjustment for girl's race/ethnicity, maternal age, education, parity, and smoking during pregnancy. There was interaction by race/ethnicity for associations between maternal obesity and girls' pubic hair onset: Associations were strongest among Asian and non-Hispanic white girls (HR = 1.53 (95% CI: 1.24, 1.90) and HR = 1.34 (95% CI: 1.18, 1.52), respectively) and absent for African-American girls. Adjustment for girl's prepubertal BMI only slightly attenuated associations. Our results suggest the importance of maternal metabolic factors during pregnancy in the timing of girls' puberty and potential differences in the associations by race/ethnicity.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1rb6q3vwTest

المؤلفون: Sagiv, Sharon K, Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L, Fleisch, Abby F, Webster, Thomas F, Calafat, Antonia M, Ye, Xiaoyun, Gillman, Matthew W, Oken, Emily

المصدر: American Journal of Epidemiology. 187(4)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Clinical Research, Pediatric, Reproductive health and childbirth, Adult, Alkanesulfonic Acids, Birth Weight, Creatinine, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Fetal Development, Fluorocarbons, Gestational Age, Hemodynamics, Humans, Massachusetts, Maternal Exposure, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Serum Albumin, Socioeconomic Factors, birth weight, fetal growth, gestational age, perfluoroalkyl substances, pregnancy, preterm birth, Mathematical Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences

الوصف: Associations of prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), ubiquitous chemicals used in stain- and water-resistant products, with adverse birth outcomes may be confounded by pregnancy hemodynamics. We measured plasma concentrations of 4 PFAS in early pregnancy (median length of gestation, 9 weeks) among 1,645 women in Project Viva, a study of a birth cohort recruited during 1999-2002 in eastern Massachusetts. We fitted multivariable models to estimate associations of PFAS with birth weight-for-gestational age z score and length of gestation, adjusting for sociodemographic confounders and 2 hemodynamic markers: 1) plasma albumin concentration, a measure of plasma volume expansion, and 2) plasma creatinine concentration, used to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorononanoate (PFNA) were weakly inversely associated with birth weight-for-gestational age z scores (adjusted β = -0.04 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.08, 0.01) and adjusted β = -0.06 (95% CI: -0.11, -0.01) per interquartile-range increase, respectively). PFOS and PFNA were also associated with higher odds of preterm birth (e.g., for highest PFOS quartile vs. lowest, adjusted odds ratio = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.3, 4.4). Adjusting for markers of pregnancy hemodynamics (glomerular filtration rate and plasma albumin), to the extent that they accurately reflect underlying pregnancy physiology, did not materially affect associations. These results suggest that pregnancy hemodynamics may not confound associations with birth outcomes when PFAS are measured early in pregnancy.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

الوصول الحر: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3j8880xsTest