المؤلفون: PAŘÍZEK, Antonín, HILL, Martin, DUŠKOVÁ, Michaela, KOLÁTOROVÁ, Lucie, SUCHOPÁR, Josef, ŠIMJÁK, Patrik, ANDERLOVÁ, Kateřina, KUDOVÁ, Eva, ROGALEWICZ, Vladimír, VACEK, Jaroslav, KOUDELKOVÁ, Marcela, CHLOUPKOVÁ, Renata, ALBLOVÁ, Miroslava, PAŘÍZKOVÁ, Petra, LAŠTŮVKA, Zdeněk, BARTÁK, Miroslav

المصدر: Physiological Research; 2023 Supplement, Vol. 72, pS381-S387, 7p

مصطلحات موضوعية: CANNABINOIDS, PREMATURE labor, MISCARRIAGE, PREGNANT women, CHILDBIRTH

مستخلص: Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, even in developed countries. Prediction of sPTB is therefore a valuable tool to reduce the associated risks. The current standard for the prediction of sPTB consists, in addition to anamnestic data, of previous sPTB and previous second trimester miscarriage, measurement of cervical length by transvaginal ultrasound (TVU CL) together with assessment of fetal fibronectin levels in cervicovaginal fluid. Other evaluation parameters, such as the level of endocannabinoids in the pregnant woman's blood, could increase the sensitivity of this management. Endocannabinoids (eCBs) are a part of the endocannabinoid system (ECS); out of them anandamide (arachidonoyl-ethanolamide, AEA), in particular, plays an important role in the regulation of pregnancy and childbirth. We present the protocol for an open, non-randomized study to evaluate concentrations of AEA and other endocannabinoids: 2-linoleoylglycerol (2-AG), 2-linoleoylglycerol (2-LG), 2-oleoylglycerol (2-OG), and 2-arachidonoyldopamine (2-ADOPA or also NADA) in the blood of pregnant women as potential predictors of sPTB. In a total of 230 women with a history of sPTB or miscarriage, eCBs levels between 22 and 28 weeks of gestation will be assessed from maternal blood, in addition to the standard procedure. The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between blood concentrations of the endocanna-binoids tested and the risk of sPTB. The results of this study will describe the prognostic significance of maternal blood eCBs levels for sPTB, and could subsequently enable improved screening programs for early identification of sPTB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Kramer, Boris W., Abman, Steven, Daly, Mandy, Jobe, Alan H., Niklas, Victoria

المصدر: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews; Dec2023, Vol. 48, p24-29, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: LUNG development, PREMATURE labor, SOMATOMEDIN C, CHILDBIRTH, PREMATURE infants, MECONIUM aspiration syndrome, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases

مستخلص: The past decades have seen markedly improved survival of increasingly immature preterm infants, yet major health complications persist. This is particularly true for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the chronic lung disease of prematurity, which has become the most common sequelae of prematurity and a significant predictor of respiratory morbidity throughout childhood as well as adult life, neurodevelopmental disability, cardiovascular disease, and even death. The need for novel approaches to reduce BPD and related complications of prematurity has never been more critical. Thus, despite major advances in the use of antenatal steroids, surfactant therapy, and improvements in respiratory support, there is a persistent need for developing therapeutic strategies that more specifically reflect our growing understanding of BPD in the post-surfactant age, or the "new BPD." In contrast with the severe lung injury leading to marked fibroproliferative disease from the past, the "new BPD" is primarily characterized by an arrest of lung development as related to more extreme prematurity. This distinction and the continued high incidence of BPD and related sequelae suggest the need to identify therapies that target critical mechanisms that support lung growth and maturation in conjunction with treatments to improve respiratory outcomes across the lifespan. As the prevention of BPD and its severity remains a primary goal, we highlight the concept from preclinical and early clinical observations that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) can potentially support the natural sequence of lung growth as a replacement therapy after preterm birth. Data supporting this hypothesis are robust and include observations that low IGF-1 levels persist after extremely preterm birth in human infants and strong preclinical data from experimental models of BPD highlight the therapeutic benefit of IGF-1 in reducing disease. Importantly, phase 2a clinical data in extremely premature infants where replacement of IGF-1 with a human recombinant human IGF-1 complexed with its main IGF-1 binding protein 3, significantly reduced the most severe form of BPD, which is strongly associated with multiple morbidities that have lifelong consequences. As physiologic replacement therapy of surfactant heralded the success of reducing acute respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants, the paradigm has the potential to become the platform for discovering the next generation of therapies like IGF-1, which becomes deficient after extremely premature birth where endogenous production by the infant is not sufficient to maintain the physiologic levels adequate to support normal organ development and maturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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العنوان البديل: Impacto dos programas de transferência de renda nos desfechos de nascimento e crescimento infantil: revisão sistemática. (Portuguese)

المؤلفون: Soares Lisboa, Cinthia, Sernizon Guimarães, Nathalia, Fortes Ferreira, Andrêa Jacqueline, Beck da Silva, Karine Brito, Oliveira Alves, Flávia Jôse, dos Santos Rocha, Aline, Ortelan, Naiá, Silva Texeira, Camila Silveira, Rocha Falcão, Ila, de Jesus Silva, Natanael, de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva, Rita, Barbosa dos Santos, Djanilson, Lima Barreto, Mauricio

المصدر: Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva; Aug2023, Vol. 28 Issue 8, p2417-2432, 16p

مصطلحات موضوعية: GROWTH of children, CHILDBIRTH, LOW birth weight, BIRTH weight, WEB databases, PREMATURE labor

الملخص (بالإنجليزية): To investigate the impact of cash transfer (CTs) on birth outcomes, including birth weight, low birth weight and prematurity, as well as child physical growth were included, as assessed by anthropometric indices in children under five years of age. Searching was performed using the PubMed/Medline, Embase, LILACS, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Quantitative observational, experimental and quasi-experimental. Eleven studies were included in the review. The majority (81.8%) were carried out in low-and middle-income countries and most involved conditional CTs (63.6%). Four were clinical trials and seven were observational studies. Conditional CTs were found to be associated with a reduction in height-for-age (-0.14; 95%CI -0.27, -0.02); (OR 0.85; 95%CI 0.77-0.94); (OR = 0.44; 95%CI 0.19-0.98), a significantly reduced chance of low weight-for-age (OR = 0.16; 95%CI -0.11-0.43), low weight-forheight (OR = -0.68; 95%CI -1.14, -0.21), and low weight-for-age (OR = 0.27; 95%CI 0.10; 0.71). Unconditional CTs were associated with reduced birth weight (RR = 0.71; 95%CI 0.63-0.81; p < 0.0001) and preterm births (RR = 0.76; 95%CI 0.69-0.84; p < 0.0001). Conditional CTs can positively influence birth outcomes and child growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract (Portuguese): Investigar o impacto dos programas de tranferência de renda (CTs) nos desfechos ao nascer, incluindo peso ao nascer, baixo peso ao nascer e prematuridade, e crescimento físico infantil, avaliado pelos índices antropométricos de crianças menores de cinco anos. Revisão sistemática realizada nas bases de dados PubMed/Medline, Embase, LILACS, Cochrane Library, Scopus e Web of Science. Foram incluídos estudos quantitativos observacionais, experimentais e quasi-experimentais, com um total de 11 estudos na revisão. A maioria (81,8%) foi realizada em países de baixa e média rendas. Também na modalidade CT condicionais (63,6%). Quatro eram ensaios clínicos, e sete observacionais. Os CT condicionais estiveram associados a uma redução nos índices de altura-para-idade (-0,14; IC95% -0,27, -0,02); (OR 0,85; IC95% 0,77-0,94); (OR = 0,44; IC95% 0,19-0,98), redução significativa na chance de baixo peso-para-idade (OR = 0,16; IC95% -0,11-0,43), baixo peso-para-altura (OR = -0,68; IC95% -1,14, -0,21), e redução de peso para idade (OR = 0,27; IC95% 0,10; 0,71). CTs não condicionais foram associados à redução do baixo peso as nascer (RR = 0,71; IC95% 0,63-0,81; p < 0,0001), e de prematuros (RR = 0,76; IC95% 0,69-0,84; p < 0,0001). Os CTs condicionais podem influenciar positivamente os desfechos ao nascer e o crescimento infantil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Korinek, Kim, Ahmmad, Zobayer

المصدر: Conference Papers - American Sociological Association; 2019, p1-27, 27p

مصطلحات موضوعية: INTERRACIAL couples, PREMATURE labor, INTERRACIAL adoption, LABOR (Obstetrics), CHILDBIRTH, CULTURAL pluralism, HIGH-risk pregnancy

مصطلحات جغرافية: UTAH

المؤلفون: Gaerty, Kirsten, Greer, Ristan M., Kumar, Sailesh

المصدر: American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Nov2015, Vol. 213 Issue 5, p637-643, 7p

مصطلحات موضوعية: CATHETER ablation, META-analysis, SYSTEMATIC reviews, GESTATIONAL age, RISK factors in premature labor, CHILDBIRTH, CONFIDENCE intervals, NEONATAL death, PREMATURE labor, EVALUATION of medical care, PREGNANCY, PREGNANCY complications, UMBILICAL cord, FETOFETAL transfusion, SELECTIVE reduction (Multiple pregnancy), SURGERY

مستخلص: The aim of this study was to analyze perinatal outcomes after selective reduction in monochorionic pregnancies with the use of either radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or bipolar cord occlusion (BCO). This was a systematic review and metaanalysis that included all studies with ≥5 cases that described perinatal outcomes after BCO or RFA that were identified in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, COCHRANE, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, Science Direct, and MEDLINE that were published between 1965 and July 2014. For count data, incidence risk ratios (IRR; 95% confidence interval [CI]) were calculated with BCO as the reference standard. The analysis included 481 cases of BCO and 320 cases of RFA from 17 studies. The mean median gestations at procedure were 21.1 ± 1.2 weeks (BCO) and 18.8 ± 2.5 weeks (RFA; P = .03). The rate of cotwin death was higher in the RFA group (14.7%) vs the BCO group (10.6%; IRR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.93-2.05; P = .11). The live birth rate was 81.3% for the RFA group and 86.7% in the BCO group (IRR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.80-1.09; P = .41). BCO had higher neonatal death rates (8.1%) vs RFA (4.5%; IRR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.30-1.04; P = .07). Overall survival was 76.8% for RFA and 79.1% for BCO (IRR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.82-1.14; P = .72); however, none of these differences were statistically significant. Preterm premature rupture of membranes occurred in 17.7% of RFA cases and 28.2% of the BCO cases (IRR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.43-0.91; P = .01). The mean median gestational age at delivery was 34.7 ± 1.7 weeks in the RFA group and 35.1 ± 1.6 weeks in the BCO group. Our data do not demonstrate clearly the superiority of 1 procedure over the other. The clinical situation and preference of the operator are important considerations. Rates of preterm delivery and preterm premature rupture of membranes remain substantial for both procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Villar, Jose, Papageorghiou, Aris T., Knight, Hannah E., Gravett, Michael G., Iams, Jay, Waller, Sarah A., Kramer, Michael, Culhane, Jennifer F., Barros, Fernando C., Conde-Agudelo, Agustín, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Goldenberg, Robert L.

المصدر: American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Feb2012, Vol. 206 Issue 2, p119-123, 5p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PREMATURE labor, CHILDBIRTH, PARTURITION, REPRODUCTION, DELIVERY (Obstetrics), PLACENTA, PATHOLOGY, FETAL monitoring, EMBRYOLOGY

مستخلص: Preterm birth is a syndrome with many causes and phenotypes. We propose a classification that is based on clinical phenotypes that are defined by ≥1 characteristics of the mother, the fetus, the placenta, the signs of parturition, and the pathway to delivery. Risk factors and mode of delivery are not included. There are 5 components in a preterm birth phenotype: (1) maternal conditions that are present before presentation for delivery, (2) fetal conditions that are present before presentation for delivery, (3) placental pathologic conditions, (4) signs of the initiation of parturition, and (5) the pathway to delivery. This system does not force any preterm birth into a predefined phenotype and allows all relevant conditions to become part of the phenotype. Needed data can be collected from the medical records to classify every preterm birth. The classification system will improve understanding of the cause and improve surveillance across populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Goldenberg, Robert L., Gravett, Michael G., Iams, Jay, Papageorghiou, Aris T., Waller, Sarah A., Kramer, Michael, Culhane, Jennifer, Barros, Fernando, Conde-Agudelo, Augustin, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Knight, Hannah E., Villar, Jose

المصدر: American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Feb2012, Vol. 206 Issue 2, p113-118, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PREMATURE labor, CHILDBIRTH, PREGNANCY, PARTURITION, FETUS, GESTATIONAL age, PLACENTA, EMBRYOLOGY, REPRODUCTION

مستخلص: A comprehensive classification system for preterm birth requires expanded gestational boundaries that recognize the early origins of preterm parturition and emphasize fetal maturity over fetal age. Exclusion of stillbirths, pregnancy terminations, and multifetal gestations prevents comprehensive consideration of the potential causes and presentations of preterm birth. Any step in parturition (cervical softening and ripening, decidual-membrane activation, and/or myometrial contractions) may initiate preterm parturition, and should be recorded for every preterm birth, as should the condition of the mother, fetus, newborn, and placenta, before a phenotype is assigned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Kramer, Michael S., Papageorghiou, Aris, Culhane, Jennifer, Bhutta, Zulfiqar, Goldenberg, Robert L., Gravett, Michael, Iams, Jay D., Conde-Agudelo, Agustin, Waller, Sarah, Barros, Fernando, Knight, Hannah, Villar, Jose

المصدر: American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Feb2012, Vol. 206 Issue 2, p108-112, 5p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PREMATURE labor, CHILDBIRTH, GESTATIONAL age, EMBRYOLOGY, ETIOLOGY of diseases, PHENOTYPES, FETUS, NEWBORN infants, HEALTH facilities

مستخلص: In 2009, the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth Conference charged the authors to propose a new comprehensive, consistent, and uniform classification system for preterm birth. This first article reviews issues related to measurement of gestational age, clinical vs etiologic phenotypes, inclusion vs exclusion of multifetal and stillborn infants, and separation vs combination of pathways to preterm birth. The second article proposes answers to the questions raised here, and the third demonstrates how the proposed system might work in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Hamilton, Sarah A., Tower, Clare L.

المصدر: Obstetrics, Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine; Aug2010, Vol. 20 Issue 8, p235-240, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PREMATURE labor, CHILDBIRTH, TOCOLYTIC agents, PREMATURE infant death, ADRENOCORTICAL hormones, PROGESTERONE, TRANSVAGINAL ultrasonography, FIBRONECTINS

مستخلص: Abstract: Preterm birth is defined as birth before 37 weeks of gestation and is the single biggest cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The UK preterm birth rate has increased to 8.6% and this is despite advances in prediction of those at risk, prevention strategies and treatment. Transvaginal ultrasound and foetal fibronectin have been the major advances in the prediction of preterm labour, and with the use of both of these tests it may be possible to predict up to 75% of those who will deliver prematurely. At best, tocolytics are able to delay preterm labour long enough for the administration of corticosteroids. Labour involves complex and co-ordinated events, greater knowledge of which is necessary to understand processes involved in premature labour and advance healthcare in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Howland, Lois C.

المصدر: Newborn & Infant Nursing Reviews; Mar2007, Vol. 7 Issue 1, p14-19, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PREMATURE labor, CHILDBIRTH, PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation, FAMILIES, NURSING

مستخلص: Abstract: The event of preterm birth represents a significant risk to the equilibrium of the family, often placing the family under significant stress. This paper is intended to assist neonatal nurses in understanding factors related to a family''s appraisal of stress and strategies used for coping. Such factors are an important consideration in planning the most effective interventions to support optimal family adaptation to their preterm infant''s birth. In identifying the best clinical approaches to supporting a family coping with the event of a preterm birth, nurses need to consider levels of the evidence that supports adoption of clinical intervention strategies. Working to reduce family stress and improve family coping ensures the most optimal home environment for the preterm infant to grow and thrive in after discharge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

: Copyright of Newborn & Infant Nursing Reviews is the property of W B Saunders and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)