المؤلفون: Ramzi, Samar, Seraji, Ali, Azadi Gonbad, Reza, Roofigari Haghighat, Shiva

المصدر: Biocatalysis & Agricultural Biotechnology; Jul2022, Vol. 42, pN.PAG-N.PAG, 1p

مصطلحات موضوعية: MEALYBUGS, GARLIC, ESSENTIAL oils, HEMIPTERA, LACTATE dehydrogenase, ALKALINE phosphatase

مستخلص: The effects of methanolic extract (ME) and essential oil (EO) of garlic were studied on the third-instar nymphs of Pseudococcus viburni Signoret to elucidate whether garlic essential oil and extract may cause mortality on tea mealybug and physiological disorders. The nymphs exposed to ME showed the LC 50 values of 0.33 and 0.12% after 24 and 48 h while those were 0.42 and 0.31% in case of EO. The ED 50 values of ME and EO were calculated to be 0.31 and 0.22%, respectively. The LC 50 concentrations of Garlic ME and EO significantly increased the activities of general esterase and glutathione S -transferase. Meanwhile, treating P. viburni nymphs by ME and EO significantly increased the activities of aspartate- and alanine aminotransferases as well as ɤ-glutamyl transferase compared to control. The lower activity of lactate dehydrogenase was recorded in the nymphs treated by ME and EO compared to control but the significant increase of acid- and alkaline phosphatase activities was found in the nymphs treated by ME and EO, respectively. Finally, garlic ME and EO significantly decreased the content of protein and glycogen as storage macromolecules compared to control. Our results demonstrated garlic metabolites imposed significant mortality on the nymphs of P. viburni and prominently caused discrepancies in the physiological processes. • Pseudococcous viburni exposed to ME showed the LC50 of 0.33 and 0.12% after 24 and 48 h while Those were 0.42 and 0.31% in case of EO. • Garlic ME and EO significantly increased the activities of general esterase and glutathione S-transferase. • Treating P. viburni nymphs by ME and EO significantly increased the activities aspartate- and alanine aminotransferases as well as ɤ-glutamyl transferase compared to control. • Garlic ME and EO significantly decreased the content of storage macromolecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Biocatalysis & Agricultural Biotechnology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: Shantabi, Longjam, Jagetia, Ganesh Chandra, Moirangthem, Dinesh Singh, Nongalleima, Khumukcham

المصدر: Biocatalysis & Agricultural Biotechnology; Jan2020, Vol. 23, pN.PAG-N.PAG, 1p

مصطلحات موضوعية: CROTON (Genus), HELA cells, LACTATE dehydrogenase, EXPOSURE dose, DNA damage, NUCLEOLUS

مستخلص: Kam sabut or Croton caudatus is ethnomedicinally used to treat liver diseases, fever and sprains by the traditional medicinal practitioners in Northeast India. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticancer activity of Kam sabut in cultured HeLa cells. The cytotoxicity of 0, 20, 40, 80, 160 or 320 μg/ml chloroform, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of Croton caudatus was studied in cultured HeLa cells by MTT, clonogenic, apoptosis and enzymes assays. The results of MTT assay showed that treatment of HeLa cells with different doses of various extracts caused a rise in the cell killing effect of different extracts of Croton caudatus depending on the exposure dose and the ethanol extract was most cytotoxic. Therefore, remaining studies were performed using ethanol extract. Exposure of HeLa cells to 0, 20, 40, 80, 160 or 320 μg/ml ethanol extract led to a decline in the cell survival and increase in micronuclei and apoptosis induction depending on its dose. The ethanol extract of Kam sabut reduced glutathione concentration accompanied by an increased lipid peroxidation and release of lactate dehydrogenase at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h post-treatment. Our results demonstrate that the cell killing effect of ethanol extract of Croton caudatus is due to DNA damage induction as indicated by increased frequency of micronuclei, and apoptosis, accompanied by the reduced glutathione concentration and increased lipid peroxidation and lactate dehydrogenase release. Image 1 • Croton caudatus is traditionally used to treat liver disorder, fever, convulsions, malaria, numbness and rheumatic arthritis. • Chloroform, ethanol and water extracts of Croton caudatus increased cytotoxicity in HeLa cells & ethanol extract was best. • Ethanol extract of Croton caudatus increased micronuclei, apoptotic index, lipid peroxidation & lactate dehydrogenase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Biocatalysis & Agricultural Biotechnology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)