| مستخلص: |
The concept of equilibrium is a relatively simple one. "Equilibrium" describes a state in which any and all opposing forces are balanced, remaining in constant proportion to one another. It is an important concept in chemistry because some chemical reactions are reversible, meaning that the end product of the reaction tends to revert in time to the initial reactants. For example, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) reacts with calcium chloride (CaCl2) to produce calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and sodium chloride (NaCl), better known as common table salt. If the resulting calcium carbonate and sodium chloride remain in contact in sufficient quantities, however, a certain amount of both will undergo the reverse reaction, combining to re-form sodium carbonate and calcium chloride. When the system of such a reaction reaches a point where all substances involved, reactants and products alike, are present in constant proportions, the system is said to be in "chemical equilibrium." |
