المؤلفون: Wenchao Huang, Huaxin Sun, Shiqiang Xiong, Yan Luo, Yan Tang, Zhen Zhang, Hanxiong Liu

المصدر: European Journal of Medical Research, Vol 29, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Atrial fibrillation, Sex, voltage, Ablation, Medicine

الوصف: Abstract Background There is sufficient evidence that women with atrial fibrillation (AF) have a greater symptom burden than men with AF and are more likely to experience recurrence after catheter ablation. However, the mechanisms underlying these sex differences are unclear. Methods We prospectively enrolled 125 consecutive patients, including 40 non-AF patients and 85 AF patients, who underwent high-density voltage mapping during sinus rhythm and AF patients who underwent first ablation. Results Overall, 37 (44%) female patients with AF and 24 (60%) female non-AF patients with a mean age of 61.7 ± 11.6 years and 53.6 ± 16.7 years, respectively, were enrolled in this study. The results showed that the atrial voltage of female AF patients was significantly lower than that of male AF patients (1.11 ± 0.58 mV vs. 1.53 ± 0.65 mV; P = 0.003), while there were no significant sex differences in non-AF patients (3.02 ± 0.86 mV vs. 3.21 ± 0.84 mV; P = 0.498). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that female sex (− 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.64 to − 0.13, P = 0.004) and AF type (− 0.32, 95% CI − 0.69 to − 0.13, P = 0.004) were the only factors independently associated with voltage. Compared with men, women in the paroxysmal AF group had a 3.5-fold greater incidence of recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio 4.49; 95% CI 1.101–18.332, P = 0.036). Both globally and regionally, the results showed that sex-related differences in voltage values occurred prominently in paroxysmal AF patients but not in nonparoxysmal AF patients. Conclusion Sex-related differences in atrial substrates and arrhythmia-free survival were found in paroxysmal AF patients, suggesting the existence of sex-related pathophysiological factors.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2047-783XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/8620fefd9c254a509fcab4b4378cdb8bTest

المؤلفون: Xiaodong Li, Li Li, Xingyuan Chu, Xiaohui Liu, Guangbo Chen, Quanquan Guo, Zhen Zhang, Mingchao Wang, Shuming Wang, Alexander Tahn, Yongfu Sun, Xinliang Feng

المصدر: Nature Communications, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Science

الوصف: Abstract Photothermal CO2 conversion to ethanol offers a sustainable solution for achieving net-zero carbon management. However, serious carrier recombination and high C-C coupling energy barrier cause poor performance in ethanol generation. Here, we report a Cu/Cu2Se-Cu2O heterojunction-nanosheet array, showcasing a good ethanol yield under visible–near-infrared light without external heating. The Z-scheme Cu2Se-Cu2O heterostructure provides spatially separated sites for CO2 reduction and water oxidation with boosted carrier transport efficiency. The microreactors induced by Cu2Se nanosheets improve the local concentration of intermediates (CH3* and CO*), thereby promoting C-C coupling process. Photothermal effect of Cu2Se nanosheets elevates system’s temperature to around 200 °C. Through synergizing electron and heat flows, we achieve an ethanol generation rate of 149.45 µmol g−1 h−1, with an electron selectivity of 48.75% and an apparent quantum yield of 0.286%. Our work can serve as inspiration for developing photothermal catalysts for CO2 conversion into multi-carbon chemicals using solar energy.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2041-1723Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/17471c43e9f1470290e90f871d4b0521Test

المؤلفون: Hongxin Lyu, Dongmei Liang, Riyan Luo, Yunlong Feng, Lei Liu, Sixia Yang, Fuling Cai, Zhen Zhang, Huawei Xiong

المصدر: BMC Public Health, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Before-after study, Teacher, Norovirus diarrhea, Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270

الوصف: Abstract Background Norovirus gastroenteritis outbreaks were common in schools and kindergartens and were more related to faculty knowledge, attitude, and practice level. Gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by norovirus in educational institutions were the prominent cause of Public Health Emergency Events in China. This study aimed to explore the transformation in the contribution of KAP items related to outbreak prevention before and after intervention and the impact of demography factors on the intervention. Methods This study sampled 1095 kindergarten and 1028 school staff in Shenzhen, China. We created a questionnaire consisting of 35 items in 4 parts, and each item was rated on a scale of 1–5 according to the accuracy. Univariate analysis of non-parametric tests and binary logistic regression were used to estimate the score difference on demographic characteristics, each item and KAP. The odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence and intervals (CI) for the association between statistical indicators were mainly used to explain the effects before and after intervention. Results Overall, 98.72% and 74.9% of the kindergarten and school participants were female, and all respondents had the highest scores difference of practice. Following intervention, univariate analysis indicated that primary school and female respondents achieved higher knowledge scores. Staff age beyond 35 (OR = 0.56, CI:0.34–0.92; OR = 0.67, CI:0.50–0.90) and with more than ten years of service (OR = 0.58, CI:0.36–0.91; OR = 0.38, CI:0.17–0.84) demonstrated a significantly lower post-intervention score for attitude and practice in both kindergartens and schools. The staff members exhibited a general lack of familiarity with the transmission of aerosols and the seasonal patterns of NoVs diarrhea pandemics. Item analysis revealed that kindergarten staff aged 26 and above demonstrated superior performance in terms of the efficacy of medical alcohol for inactivation (OR = 1.93, CI:1.13–3.31) and management strategies for unexplained vomiting among students (OR = 1.97, CI:1.21–3.18). Private school personnel displayed more significant improvement in their practices following educational interventions. School administrators' negative attitudes were primarily evident in their perspectives on morning inspections (OR = 0.11, CI:0.05–0.84). Conclusions The potential negative impact of faculty age on NoVs-related knowledge can be mitigated by the positive attitudes fostered through seniority. Furthermore, it is imperative to urgently address the lack of knowledge among administrators, and the identification and treatment of vomiting symptoms should be emphasized as crucial aspects of school prevention strategies. Therefore, education authorities should implement comprehensive public health interventions in the future.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2458Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/d3ce9876429043e48be59a504c00d1acTest

المؤلفون: Ru LI, Zhaoyang LU, Cong SHI, Chao LI, Zhen ZHANG, Xuehong CHEN

المصدر: Shipin gongye ke-ji, Vol 45, Iss 13, Pp 108-115 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: radish sprouts, hot air circulation, active substances, antioxidant capacity, comprehensive evaluation, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456

الوصف: In order to explore the effect of hot air circulation heating on the functional value of radish sprouts, red, green, and white radish sprouts were used as the research subjects in this study. Different temperature and time of hot air circulation heating were used to analyze the changes in active substances such as total phenolic substances, anthocyanins, total phenolic acids, flavonoids, VC, and glucosinolates, as well as the antioxidant activity changes such as DPPH free radical scavenging ability and reducing ability. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted based on the distance method of superior and inferior solutions. The results showed that low-temperature short-term (60 ℃ for 30 s) hot air circulation heating had the greatest positive effect on the retention rate of anthocyanins and VC content in white radish sprouts, with retention rates reaching 77.8% and 85.3%, respectively. At the same time, the retention rates of total phenolic acids in green and white radish sprouts were 99.3% and 82.5% by short-term (60 ℃ for 30 s) hot air circulation heating at low temperature, which had a positive effect on the retention of active substance content in the two types of radish sprouts. In addition, the experimental group (100 ℃ for 60 s) had a certain positive effect on the increase of total phenolic substances, flavonoids, and glucosinolates content in radish sprouts. Moreover, comprehensive evaluation found that short-term hot air circulation heating (60 ℃ for 30 s) was the best heating condition for maintaining the functional value and antioxidant activity of the three types of radish sprouts. This experiment provided theoretical basis and data support for the in-depth study of hot air circulation heating of sprouts.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1002-0306Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/bd911d89cde341e3b2d80dc856070c1fTest

المؤلفون: Zhanyong Zhao, Yongli Guo, Wenbo Du, Peikang Bai, Zhen Zhang, Liqing Wang, Kai Ma, Sheng Zhang, Xiuzhu Han, Chen Yang

المصدر: Journal of Materials Research and Technology, Vol 31, Iss , Pp 534-542 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Selective laser melting, Ti6Al4V-SiCw composites, Heat treatment, Corrosive nature, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997

الوصف: In this paper, Ti6Al4V alloy and Ti6Al4V-SiCw composites were formed by selective laser melting (SLM) and electrochemical corrosion experiments were carried out. The effects of different SiCw contents and solid solution aging heat treatment on the corrosion properties of the composites were systematically studied, and the corrosion mechanism of Ti6Al4V-SiCw composites was revealed. The results show that Ti6Al4V-1SiCw composites have better corrosion resistance than Ti6Al4V alloy. After solution and aging heat treatment at 1050 °C, Ti6Al4V-1SiCw composites have better corrosion resistance. The main reasons for the improvement of the corrosion performance of the composites are as follows: (i) The high-density grain boundaries formed by grain refinement of the composites have higher energy and are more likely to react to form a stable passivation film. (ii) The microstructure of Ti6Al4V-SiCw composites is equiaxed α phase, which is easier to form stable passivation film than metastable α′-Ti phase. (iii) The presence of ceramic particles makes more microcells formed in the titanium matrix, which promotes the formation of soluble [TiCl6]2- complexes. The formation of passivation film on the surface of Ti6Al4V-SiCw composites was accelerated.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424014042Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2238-7854Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/fb2ce1fcab524cc5918a2a9052de27ffTest

المؤلفون: Zhen Zhang, Bingkun Ning, Weifeng Qian, Shuang Wang, Nan Wang, Yongnan Chen, Yao Li, Qinyang Zhao, Hongzhan Li, Shaopeng Wang, Kepeng Qu

المصدر: Materials Research Letters, Vol 12, Iss 7, Pp 467-476 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: YSTZ/MgO nanocomposite coating, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), semi-coherent interface, dislocation, crack self-healing, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492

الوصف: A prominent strengthened Y2O3 stabilized t-ZrO2 (YSTZ)/MgO nanocomposite coating is achieved by the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process and in-situ synthesized YSTZ reinforced phase with a quantitative control approach. The idea of activating double slip systemic semi-coherent interface dislocations in YSTZ/MgO nanocomposite coating to realize crack self-healing is proposed. High dislocation densities are associated with {101} YSTZ slip and {111} MgO slip system to coordinate interfacial deformation to stop crack initiation and propagation. This crack propagation path can absorb more fracture energy, providing more opportunities for crack deflection and bridge, which closes crack and realizes crack self-healing.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2166-3831Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/6ace8a99f2654affa9e50c551b669e97Test

المؤلفون: Rong Ma, Zhen Zhang, Yide Ma, Xiping Hu, Edith C.H. Ngai, Victor C.M. Leung

المصدر: Digital Communications and Networks, Vol 10, Iss 3, Pp 557-567 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Internet of things (IoT), Semantic information, Real-time application, Improved pulse coupled neural network, Image segmentation, Information technology, T58.5-58.64

الوصف: In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has gradually developed applications such as collecting sensory data and building intelligent services, which has led to an explosion in mobile data traffic. Meanwhile, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, semantic communication has attracted great attention as a new communication paradigm. However, for IoT devices, however, processing image information efficiently in real time is an essential task for the rapid transmission of semantic information. With the increase of model parameters in deep learning methods, the model inference time in sensor devices continues to increase. In contrast, the Pulse Coupled Neural Network (PCNN) has fewer parameters, making it more suitable for processing real-time scene tasks such as image segmentation, which lays the foundation for real-time, effective, and accurate image transmission. However, the parameters of PCNN are determined by trial and error, which limits its application. To overcome this limitation, an Improved Pulse Coupled Neural Networks (IPCNN) model is proposed in this work. The IPCNN constructs the connection between the static properties of the input image and the dynamic properties of the neurons, and all its parameters are set adaptively, which avoids the inconvenience of manual setting in traditional methods and improves the adaptability of parameters to different types of images. Experimental segmentation results demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed self-adaptive parameter setting method of IPCNN on the gray images and natural images from the Matlab and Berkeley Segmentation Datasets. The IPCNN method achieves a better segmentation result without training, providing a new solution for the real-time transmission of image semantic information.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352864823001165Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2352-8648Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/889c4273d04644399a1f56008de50829Test

المؤلفون: Qianyun Liu, Yuchi Lu, Chenguang Cai, Yanyan Huang, Li Zhou, Yanbin Guan, Shiying Fu, Youyou Lin, Huan Yan, Zhen Zhang, Xiang Li, Xiuna Yang, Haitao Yang, Hangtian Guo, Ke Lan, Yu Chen, Shin-Chen Hou, Yi Xiong

المصدر: Cell Death and Disease, Vol 15, Iss 6, Pp 1-9 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Cytology, QH573-671

الوصف: Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection is initiated by Spike glycoprotein binding to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor via its receptor binding domain. Blocking this interaction has been proven to be an effective approach to inhibit virus infection. Here we report the discovery of a neutralizing nanobody named VHH60, which was directly produced from an engineering nanobody library based on a commercialized nanobody within a very short period. VHH60 competes with human ACE2 to bind the receptor binding domain of the Spike protein at S351, S470-471and S493-494 as determined by structural analysis, with an affinity of 2.56 nM. It inhibits infections of both ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain and pseudotyped viruses harboring SARS-CoV-2 wildtype, key mutations or variants at the nanomolar level. Furthermore, VHH60 suppressed SARS-CoV-2 infection and propagation 50-fold better and protected mice from death for twice as long as the control group after SARS-CoV-2 nasal infections in vivo. Therefore, VHH60 is not only a powerful nanobody with a promising profile for disease control but also provides evidence for a highly effective and rapid approach to generating therapeutic nanobodies.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2041-4889Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/e6d50b2d38bb4d22bdf8e9052c17481dTest

المؤلفون: Kui CUI, Yingmo HU, Baobao PANG, Shasha WU, Zhen ZHANG, Sufang GUO

المصدر: Kuangchan zonghe liyong, Vol 45, Iss 3, Pp 92-95 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: mineral materials, tourmaline, kh-171, surface modification, silane coupling agent, hydrophobicity, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997

الوصف: This is an article in the field of mineral materials. The tourmaline powder was modified with silane coupling agent KH-171, and the process conditions were optimized with the parameters of contact angle and turbidity of the modified product in liquid paraffin. The test results showed that the contact angle of the resulting modified tourmaline reached 133 ℃ when reacted at 60 ℃ for 2 h at a system pH value of 9, a dosage of modifier KH-171 of 2 mL, and an alcohol-to-water ratio of 1∶5, showing excellent hydrophobic properties. The modified tourmaline was characterized by IR, SEM and XRD. The results showed that the organic functional groups with carbon-carbon double bonds were successfully connected to the surface of tourmaline without changing the original crystal structure, but the agglomeration of tourmaline reduced effectively and showed better dispersion performance.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/1000-6532Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/6953a1c2ec5b4d0588bc3d73409c6addTest

المؤلفون: Xinyue Zhang, Jingyu Dou, Ge Gao, Xiaoxiao Sheng, Ya Shen, Yuhua Feng, Xueying Wu, Zhen Zhang, Genyang Cheng

المصدر: Scientific Reports, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2024)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Primary membranous nephropathy, Tacrolimus, Prednisone, Therapy, Relapse, Medicine, Science

الوصف: Abstract Previous studies showed tacrolimus monotherapy and dual therapy with tacrolimus and prednisone as effective treatment modalities in managing membranous nephropathy. However, few studies have compared these therapeutic regimens. The patients were divided into two groups based on the treatment regimen: (1) tacrolimus and prednisone dual therapy (T + P group, n = 67) treatment group; and (2) tacrolimus monotherapy (T group, n = 65) or the control group. Propensity matching method and subgroup analysis to eliminate the bias in the relationship between the treatment regimen and the outcomes. The mean remission times were 20.33 ± 2.75 weeks at T group and 9.50 ± 1.81 weeks at T + P group. The T group had a remission rates of 73.33, 76.66 and 66.66% at 12weeks, 24weeks and 48weeks, while the T + P group had a remission rate of 81.66, 86.66, 91.66%; At the follow-up of 48 weeks, the relapse rate for the T group was 21.66%, and that for the T + P group was 5%. The anti-PLA2R ab is positive and therapy may be the independent risk factors for predicting remission. Tacrolimus and low-dose prednisone dual therapy is efficacious in managing MN and lowers the recurrence rate in clinical practice.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/df245d1c285e4ae19fda622b260034c5Test