المؤلفون: Sanda, Olayinka, Sanda, Deborah A., Taiwo, Elijah A., Aremu, Charity O., Ojediran, John O., Fakinle, Bamidele S.

المصدر: Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research; Jun2023, Vol. 7 Issue 6, p3253-3262, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: TILAPIA zillii, CONVECTION ovens, EXPERIMENTAL design, FISH fillets, AIR speed

مستخلص: This study investigated the thin layer drying behaviour of Tilapia zillii fillets under various drying conditions in a convection oven. The fish fillet samples were dried in a single layer at 60°C, 70°C and 80°C with the drying air speed varied between 1.5 and 3.5 m/s over a drying period of 10 h. The drying data were then fitted to six thin layer drying models. In addition to the experiments on drying kinetics, a Box-Behnken experimental design with three factors (temperature, fillet thickness and drying time) was used to determine the optimum process conditions that will give a final moisture content of =10 wt.%. It was observed that the drying occurred mainly in the falling rate period with the drying rate increasing with increasing temperature and decreasing fillet thickness. The Two-term exponential model gave the best fit to the experimental drying data, with corresponding R², RMSE and χ² varying from 0.9988 to 0.9995, 0.00115 to 0.0106, and 3.41 ×10^-5 to 1.39 ×10^-4, respectively. Although effective moisture diffusivity follows an Arrhenius-type relation, it is a non-linear function of temperature, fillet thickness and air speed, with a drying activation energy of 13.44 kJ/mol for 5mm fillets dried at air speed of 2.5 m/s. From the response surface optimization studies, it is possible to dry the fillets to a moisture content of = 10wt.% at 65oC and drying time of 6.25 h, provided the thickness of the fillets are within 3.5 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Alhassan, Elliot H., Osei, Samuel A., Ampofo-Yeboah, Akwasi, Dandi, Samuel O.

المصدر: Tanzania Journal of Science; 2023, Vol. 49 Issue 1, p15-25, 11p

مصطلحات موضوعية: TILAPIA zillii, ENDOPARASITES, RESERVOIRS, HEMATOLOGY

مصطلحات جغرافية: GHANA

مستخلص: The goal of this study was to assess common endoparasites on Tilapia zillii in the Tono Reservoir, as well as to investigate the mean intensity and prevalence of these parasites. A total of 175 fish specimens were examined during the study. Endoparasites of three metazoans and one protozoan were observed from the Tilapia zillii gills, intestines, and stomach. The findings showed that the most common endoparasites affecting Tilapia zillii are Ichthyopthirius multifiliis, Bothriocephalus sp., Contracaecum sp., and Dactylogyrus sp. Also, Contracaecum sp had the highest prevalence of 29.71, followed by Bothriocephalus sp (18.86), Ichthyopthirius multifiliis (12), and Dactylogyrus sp (6.86). The average quantity of Bothriocephalus sp was 0.84, Contracaecum sp was 1.33, Dactylogyrus sp was 0.31, and Ichthyopthirius multifiliis was 0.54. The reservoir's physicochemical parameters changed every month due to inflows and other runoffs joining. Low levels of these parameters were discovered to influence the prevalence and distribution of these parasites. Haematological parameters showed significant changes between the adult and fingerling groups, where it was observed an improvement in health status in the adult group. It was also observed that fingerlings (0.1-20 g) were more infected, which significantly affected their blood profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Danba, E. P., Bingari, M. S., Zira, J. D., Wama, B. E., Akwa, Y. V., Ja'afaru, A., Elkanah, S. O., Chintem, D. G. W., Aliyu, B. A., Alexander, E. A., Siki, A.

المصدر: Nigerian Journal of Parasitology; Sep2019, Vol. 40 Issue 2, p175-180, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: CLARIAS gariepinus, TILAPIA zillii, ECTOPARASITES, PARASITES, FISH farming

مستخلص: This work was carried out to compare the ectoparasites on Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zilli obtained from Advanced Teachers College (ATC) Kofai Fish Market (Kasuwan Bera), Ardo Kola LGA, Mayo Gwoi, and Jalingo LGAs, Taraba State, from July to November 2016. A total of 80 randomly selected fishes (C. gariepinus and T. zilli) obtained from fish market were examined for ectoparasites. The skin, fins, nostrils, operculum, and buccal cavities scrapping were also examined under a dissecting microscope with dark background. The methods of obtaining parasites were made separately for fish samples from different markets. Fishes were examined for ectoparasites in relation to their size and sex. Of the 80 fish species examined 65(81.25%) were infested. Prevalence of ectoparasite infestation on C. gariepinus and T. zilli were 72.5% and 90% respectively. The male fish has higher percentage infestation (58.82%) than the females (42.18%). Fish with size range of 1.0-9.9 cm recorded the lowest infestation. T. zilli with size range 10.0-19.9 cm had high prevalence of 91.9% infestation. The higher rate of parasite infestation on T. zilli could be attributed to the presence of scale which aids the parasite to hide under. Ectoparasites has no direct effect to consumer, but has effect on fish farms which causes hemorrhagic lesions on the skin making it unappealing to consumers. Gills' necrosis can result to opportunistic infections by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and fungi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Abumandour, Mohamed M. A.

المصدر: Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia: Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series C; Jan2019, Vol. 48 Issue 1, p12-21, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: GILLS, TASTE buds, NILE tilapia, TILAPIA zillii, CARP

مستخلص: The present investigation was designed to describe the surface ultrastructure of the gill system of tilapia Zilli. The gill system is formed from four gill arches and each gill arch carries a row of gill filaments on its convex border and two rows of the gill rakers on its concave border. The quadrilateral interbranchial septum has elevated part at the level of the third gill arch. By SEM observations, the gill arch was divided into three regions: rostral, middle and caudal region. The caudal region contained two characteristic structures: oval leaf‐like structure and rounded‐shaped structure. Each oval leaf‐like structure carried two lateral rows of the triangular pointed spines separated by a median groove. All surfaces of gill arches, rakers and filaments were covered with a mosaic of the polygonal pavement cells, in addition to the opening of chloride cells and mucous cells. The gill arch and gill raker had only one appearance of taste buds named type I. Meanwhile, the filaments contained two types of different appearance of the taste buds named: type I and type II. Type I was the main common and similar to that present in gill arch and raker and characterized by its blunt end, while type II had hair‐like structures that projected from the volcano‐shaped depression. The gill rakers were formed from central axis surrounded by two lateral lobulated regions which carry pointed spines, taste buds and the opening of chloride cells. The surface of triangular lower pharyngeal jaw carries numerous teeth‐like papillae which originated from the socket‐like depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Audu, B. S., Yusuf, S., Malachy, N. O. A., Jamiu, O., Wade, J. W.

المصدر: Science World Journal; 2018, Vol. 13 Issue 4, p16-20, 5p

مصطلحات موضوعية: PHYTOCHEMICALS, HENNA (Plant), TILAPIA zillii

مستخلص: The high cost of conventional anesthetics and the deleterious effects of prevailing chemical sedatives used in aquaculture have justified the search for natural plant alternative that is cosmopolitan, biodegradable, less toxic with short withdrawal period, and economically affordable. The Phytochemical, proximate and sedative properties of the aqueous crude leaf extract of Lawsonia inermis and its effect on the opercula ventilation rate in Tilapia zilli fingerlings were conducted using standard procedures. Mixed sexed fingerlings of T. zilli of mean weight and length of 42.64 ± 0.82 g and 11.14 ± 0.22 cm respectively were randomly distributed in batches of five fish/per experimental tank. The tank with no test material (0.00g/L) served as the control; while, tanks with test materials at concentrations of 1.50, 2.00, 2.50, 3.00 and 3.50g/L served as test tanks. The qualitative phytochemical analyses of L. inermis revealed the presence of varying proportions of alkaloid, tannin, saponins, cardiac glycosides phenolic and resins, while, the proximate composition includes moisture content (33.2%), crude lipid (12.0%), ash (29.9%), crude fibre (21%), crude protein (3.38%) and nitrogen free extracts (0.52%). There was significant (p<0.05) dose- dependent increase in the induction of sedation and recovery time of T. zilli exposed to L. inermis aqueous crude Leaf extract as well as marked dose-related decrease in the opercula ventilation rate compared to the control group. No mortality was recorded at low concentrations of 1.50-2.50g/L of the plant extract; in contrast with 50 and 100% mortalities in concentrations of 3.00 and 3.50g/L respectively. In conclusion, the present investigation revealed that L. inermis aqueous crude leaf extract seemed to contain diverse phytochemical constituents that caused sedation with adverse consequences on fish opercula ventilation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Wei LUO, Xi GAN, Jiajie ZHU, Qiuwei AO, Yun TAN, Ming CHEN, Yongju LUO

المصدر: Agricultural Biotechnology (2164-4993); Oct2018, Vol. 7 Issue 5, p136-142, 7p

مصطلحات موضوعية: NILE tilapia, IMMUNOSTAINING, TILAPIA, SAROTHERODON, TILAPIA zillii, FISH diseases

مستخلص: [Obbectives] This study aimed to determine the infection pathway and taget organs of Streptocoocus agalactia! in GIFT strain of Nile tilapia, thus providing theoretical basis for the breeding of disease-resistant tilapia and development of S. agalactiae vaccines. [Methods] GIFT strain of Nile tilapia was inoculated by S. agalactia! through intraperitoneal injection, oral gavage and in vitro immersion. The giil, spleen, liver and small intestine tissues of infected tilapia were collected for pathomorphological observation. Immunohistochemical localization was conducted using rabbit anti-S. agalactiae serum to identify the distribution pattern of S. agalactiae in various tiisues of tilapia and its taget organs via diiferent infection pathways. [Results] GIFT strain of Nile tilapia could be infected by S. agalactiae via three artificial inoculation modes. SpecificHy, pathological changes occurred at 2 h post-inoculation in intraperitoneal injection and oral gavage groups, whereas tilapia in in vitro immersion group showed pathological changes at 5 h post-inoculation, and the lesion intensity in in vitro immersion group was slighter than that in intraperitoneal injection and oral gavage groups. Immunohistochemical localization indicated that the appearance time of positive signals in intraperitoneal injection group demonstrated an order of spleen--diver and giil--•smaH intestine; positive signals in oral gavage group appeared in the order of smaH intestine--»gill and spleen--diver; the appearance time of positive signals in in vitro immersion group showed an order of giil--• spleen--• liver and smaH intestine. [Conclusions] GIFT strain of Nile tilapia could be infected by S. agalactiae via intraperitoneal injection, oral gavage and in vitro immersion. The corresponding positive signas for pathogen infection were preferentiaHy present in the spleen, intestine and giil tiisues. Thus, preventing S. agalactiae contamination in aquaculture water and food sources is an efective measure to control the outbreak of S. agalactiae infections in tilapia under natural aquaculture conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Mabrok, Mahmoud Abd Elaziz, Wahdan, Ali

المصدر: Aquaculture International; Aug2018, Vol. 26 Issue 4, p1147-1160, 14p

مصطلحات موضوعية: OREGANO, ESSENTIAL oils, INTRAPERITONEAL injections, VIBRIO anguillarum, NATURAL immunity, TILAPIA zillii

مستخلص: The current study aimed to evaluate the possible effect of Origanum essential oil on innate immune parameters as well as the hematological profiles of Tilapia zillii following challenge with Vibrio anguillarum. Fifty-four of Tilapia zillii weighing 180 ± 10.2 g were randomly distributed into three identical closed recirculating seawater systems. The study included three groups (G1, G2, and G3) repeated in triplicates. Fish of the first two groups were fed on a basal diet without herbs, whereas fish of the last group were fed on a basal diet supplemented with Origanum essential oil at concentration 1 g kg⁻¹ for 15 days. Subsequently, fish of G2 and G3 subjected to a peritoneal inflammation by intraperitoneally injecting V. anguillarum (5.5 × 10⁵ CFU mL⁻¹), whereas fish of G1 injected with saline and served as control. Fish of all groups were then sampled at 4, 12, and 24 h post injection. No mortalities were observed in both basal and Origanum fed groups. However, some specimens of fish fed basal diet showed dorsal fin erosions, eroded mouth, and detached skin. Although the kinetics of RBCs, WBCs, Hb, and differential leukocyte values remained unchanged in fish fed different diets at the beginning of the trial, significant increases in those values were observed in fish fed Origanum essential oil at 12 and 24 h post injection. Similarly, an augmentation of plasma proteases, antiproteases, and lysozyme activities were recorded in fish fed Origanum essential oil at the same particular sampling points. A significant enhancement in plasma bactericidal capacity was only recorded in fish fed Origanum essential oil at 12 and 24 h post challenge compared to those fed basal diet. In conclusion, Origanum essential oil had a pronounced influence on the innate immunity and increased the fish resistance to V. anguillarum. These data gave insight into the potential use of Origanum in prophylactic strategies against threatening pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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العنوان البديل: مقارنة علاقة الطول بالوزن ومعامل الحالة لأسماك البلطي الزيلي (Coptodon zillii, Gervais 1848) من ثلاث مواقع مختلفة في محافظة البصرة، جنوب العراق (Arabic)

المؤلفون: Taher, Majid M., Al-Dubakel, Adel Y., Muhamed, Sadiq J.

المصدر: Marsh Bulletin; 2018, Vol. 13 Issue 2, p87-99, 13p

مصطلحات موضوعية: AQUACULTURE, TILAPIA zillii, FISH diversity, QUANTITATIVE research

الملخص (بالإنجليزية): Current study was conducted in three locations, the first was floating fish cages, the second was fish earthen pond and the third was Shatt Al-Arab River north Basra Governorate at Hartha District. A total number of 266 fresh redbelly tilapia (Coptodon zillii) fishes were collected from the locations using different nets i.e. hand net in the first location and cast net in the second and third locations. The fishes transported to the laboratory of Aquaculture Unit in boxes with crushed ice. Samples were taken from 1/4/2017 to 1/10/2017. Water temperature during sampling period ranged between 17 to 31 °C and salinity between 1.1 to 3.2 ppt. The number of examined fish was 97, 92 and 77 from cages, pond and wild fish respectively. The mean fish total length varied between (16.60, 14.19 and 12.78) cm and weight varied between (109.42, 60.05 and 49.12) g for cages, pond and wild fish respectively. No fish recorded less than 5 cm or more than 25 cm. The values of the exponent 'b' in the length–weight relationship varied between 3.1655, 2.9596 and 2.9978 for cages, pond and wild fish respectively. In this study, C. zillii showed to undergo positive allometric growth (b> 3) in cages but the pond and wild fish exhibited negative allometric pattern of growth (b< 3). Modified condition factor values ranged between 1.34 to 2.04 for cage and wild fish respectively, relative condition factor values were 1.00, 1.00 and 1.01 for cage, wild and pond fish respectively, while Fulton’s condition factor values ranged between 1.76 to 2.13 for pond and cage fish respectively. The statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences (P<0.01) in "K" values between the three locations considering modified and Fulton’s condition factors, while no such significant differences (P>0.01) found in relative condition factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

الملخص (بالعربية): اجريت الدراسة الحالية في ثلاثة مواقع وهي الاقفاص العائمة والاحواض الترابية وشط العرب في ناحية الهارثة شمال محافظة البصرة . جمعت 266 فرد من اسماك البلطي الزيلي ( Coptodon zillii ) باستخدام الشبكة اليدوية في موقع الأقفاص العائمة وباستخدام شبكة السلية في الموقعين الآخرين وللفترة من 1-4-2017 لغاية 1-10-2017 ، ونقلت الأسماك الى مختبر وحدة الاستزراع المائي في : كلية الزراعة بحاويات فلينية مزودة بالثلج المجروش . تراوحت درجة حرارة خلال فترة جمع العينات بين 17-31 0م والملوحة بين 1.1-3.2 جزء بالألف . بلغ عدد الأسماك المفحوصة 97 و 92 و 77 من الأقفاص والأحواض وشط العرب بالتعاقب . تراوح معدل الطول الكلي للأسماك ( 16.60 و 14.19 و 12.78 ) سم ومعدل الوزن ( 109.42 و 60.05 و 49.12 ) غم للأقفاص العائمة والأحواض الترابية وشط العرب بالتعاقب ، ولم تسجل أطوال اقل من 5 سم واكثر من 25 سم . ان قيمة الثابت b في معادلة الطول والوزن تراوحت بين 3.1655 و 2.9596 و 2.9978 للأقفاص والاحواض وشط العرب بالتعاقب . اثبتت نتائج التجربة ان اسماك الاقفاص العائمة اظهرت نمو غير متناظر موجب (b>3)، بينما أظهرت اسماك الأحواض وشط العرب نمو غير متناظر سالب (b>3). بلغت قيم معامل الحالة المحور 1.34 و 2.04 لأسماك الأقفاص وشط العرب بالتعاقب وبلغت قيم معامل الحالة النسبي 1.00 و 1.00 و 1.01 لأسماك الأقفاص وشط العرب والاحواض بالتعاقب ، بينما بلغت قيم معامل حالة فولتن بين 1.76 و 2.13 الأسماك الأحواض والاقفاص بالتعاقب . اثبت التحليل الاحصائي وجود اختلافات معنوية (P>0.01) في معامل الحالة المحور ومعامل حالة فولتن الأسماك المواقع الثلاث ، بينما لم توجد فروقات معنوية (P>0.01) في معامل الحالة النسبي. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Bala, F. E., Ikujenlola, A. V., Omobuwajo, T. O.

المصدر: Journal of Food Processing & Preservation; Feb2018, Vol. 42 Issue 2, p1-1, 10p

مصطلحات موضوعية: TILAPIA zillii, SAROTHERODON galilaeus, ANIMAL species, HEAVY metals in the body, ATOMIC absorption spectroscopy

مستخلص: Abstract: This study evaluated and compared the levels of selected heavy metals in three fish species from two water bodies in Osun State. The fish species were carefully harvested, processed, and prepared for heavy metals (Nickel, Cadmium, Lead, and Arsenic) determinations using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results obtained showed that all the heavy metals investigated were present in all the fishes and water samples. Heavy metals in the water samples ranged from 0.004 to 0.0027 mg/L. The total dissolved solid, pH, and conductivity of the water samples from the water bodies were all below maximum permissible levels. Concentrations of heavy metals in the fresh, smoked, and dried fishes were all found to be low, ranging from 0.002 to 0.027 mg/kg. The study concluded that the levels of heavy metals investigated were below the recommended maximum permissible levels of these metals, the fishes from the two reservoirs/dams were safe for human consumption. Practical applications: This study established the fact that the selected heavy metals investigated were present at varying concentrations in the fish species analyzed and in the two water bodies. The levels of the selected heavy metals are within the allowable range and as such the consumption of these fishes is safe. The application of processes like smoking, salting, and drying resulted in products of better shelf life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: El‐Shazly, Mohamed M., Omar, Wael A., Edmardash, Yusuf A., Ibrahim, Mona Sayed, Elzayat, Emad I., El‐Sebeay, Iman I.A., Abdel Rahman, Khaled M., Soliman, Mustafa M.

المصدر: African Journal of Ecology; Dec2017, Vol. 55 Issue 4, p391-401, 11p

مصطلحات موضوعية: ECOSYSTEMS, TILAPIA zillii, HOUSING, LAKES, RECLAMATION of land, FISH farming

مصطلحات جغرافية: LAKE Manzala (Port Said, Egypt), EGYPT

الملخص (بالإنجليزية): The three main Nile Delta wetland ecosystems, Manzala, Burullus and Edku lagoons, are among the most ecologically important and productive habitats in Egypt. We studied the area degradation and the human health risks associated with trace metal accumulation in Tilapia zillii harvested from these lakes. The area of Manzala lagoon has shrunken from about 3035 km² in 1800 to about 288 km² in 2015, the area of Edku has shrunken from about 336 km² in 1824 to about 18 km² in 2014, and the area of Burullus has shrunken from about 1116 km² in 1949 to about 546 km² in 2014. This area degradation is attributed to drying for housing, land reclamation and fish farming. As a result, the concentration of pollutants and nutrients has subsequently increased, and large parts of the lakes have been overgrown with aquatic vegetation, which increased the rate of degradation and land transformation. Metal pollution was detected in water, sediment and edible fish harvested from the lakes. The hazard index, an indicator of human health risks associated with fish consumption, showed adverse health effects of zinc and lead metals for habitual fish consumers. The impact of the high dam on the lakes was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract (French): Résumé Les trois principaux écosystèmes humides du delta du Nil, Manzala, Burullus et Edku, comptent parmi les habitats les plus productifs et les plus importants au point de vue écologique en Égypte. Nous avons étudié la dégradation de la région et les risques pour la santé humaine associés à l'accumulation de traces de métaux dans les Tilapia zillii pêchés dans ces lacs. La zone du lagon de Manzala s'est réduite de 3 035 km² en 1800 à quelque 288 km² en 2014, Edku est passé d'environ 336 km² en 1824 à près de 18 km² en 2014 et Burullus s'est réduit d'environ 1116 km² en 1949 à près de 546 km² en 2014. La dégradation de cette région est attribuée à l'asséchement pour la construction de maisons, à la récupération de terres et aux fermes piscicoles. Suite à cela, la concentration de polluants et de nutriments a augmenté, et de grandes portions des lacs ont été envahies par une végétation aquatique qui a augmenté le taux de dégradation et la transformation des sols. On a détecté une pollution par des métaux dans l'eau, les sédiments et les poissons comestibles récoltés dans les lacs. L'Indice de risque ( HI), un indicateur des risques sanitaires humains liés à la consommation du poisson, a montré des effets négatifs du zinc et du plomb sur la santé des consommateurs habituels de poisson. Nous discutons des effets du barrage sur les lacs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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