المؤلفون: Alison Lovegrove, Jack Dunn, Till K. Pellny, Jessica Hood, Amanda J. Burridge, Antoine H. P. America, Luud Gilissen, Ruud Timmer, Zsuzsan A. M. Proos-Huijsmans, Jan Philip van Straaten, Daisy Jonkers, Jane L. Ward, Fred Brouns, Peter R. Shewry

المصدر: Foods; Volume 12; Issue 4; Pages: 843

مصطلحات موضوعية: bread wheat, emmer, spelt, fibre, metabolites, minerals, phenolics, fertilisation, health benefits

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: Five cultivars of bread wheat and spelt and three of emmer were grown in replicate randomised field trials on two sites for two years with 100 and 200 kg nitrogen fertiliser per hectare, reflecting low input and intensive farming systems. Wholemeal flours were analysed for components that are suggested to contribute to a healthy diet. The ranges of all components overlapped between the three cereal types, reflecting the effects of both genotype and environment. Nevertheless, statistically significant differences in the contents of some components were observed. Notably, emmer and spelt had higher contents of protein, iron, zinc, magnesium, choline and glycine betaine, but also of asparagine (the precursor of acrylamide) and raffinose. By contrast, bread wheat had higher contents of the two major types of fibre, arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan, than emmer and a higher AX content than spelt. Although such differences in composition may be suggested to result in effects on metabolic parameters and health when studied in isolation, the final effects will depend on the quantity consumed and the composition of the overall diet.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Grain; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12040843Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12040843Test

المؤلفون: Alison Lovegrove, Jack Dunn, Till K. Pellny, Jessica Hood, Amanda J. Burridge, Antoine H. P. America, Luud Gilissen, Ruud Timmer, Zsuzsan A. M. Proos-Huijsmans, Jan Philip van Straaten, Daisy Jonkers, Jane L. Ward, Fred Brouns, Peter R. Shewry

المصدر: Foods, Vol 12, Iss 4, p 843 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: bread wheat, emmer, spelt, fibre, metabolites, minerals, Chemical technology, TP1-1185

الوصف: Five cultivars of bread wheat and spelt and three of emmer were grown in replicate randomised field trials on two sites for two years with 100 and 200 kg nitrogen fertiliser per hectare, reflecting low input and intensive farming systems. Wholemeal flours were analysed for components that are suggested to contribute to a healthy diet. The ranges of all components overlapped between the three cereal types, reflecting the effects of both genotype and environment. Nevertheless, statistically significant differences in the contents of some components were observed. Notably, emmer and spelt had higher contents of protein, iron, zinc, magnesium, choline and glycine betaine, but also of asparagine (the precursor of acrylamide) and raffinose. By contrast, bread wheat had higher contents of the two major types of fibre, arabinoxylan (AX) and β-glucan, than emmer and a higher AX content than spelt. Although such differences in composition may be suggested to result in effects on metabolic parameters and health when studied in isolation, the final effects will depend on the quantity consumed and the composition of the overall diet.

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/4/843Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158Test; https://doaj.org/article/4f602024068142c8adb2b0af8f6efd13Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12040843Test
https://doaj.org/article/4f602024068142c8adb2b0af8f6efd13Test

المؤلفون: Sandeep Sharma, Tarun Kumar, M. John Foulkes, Simon Orford, Anju Mahendru Singh, Luzie U. Wingen, Venkatesh Karnam, Lekshmy S. Nair, Pranab Kumar Mandal, Simon Griffiths, Malcolm J. Hawkesford, Peter R. Shewry, Alison R. Bentley, Renu Pandey

المصدر: CABI Agriculture and Bioscience, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2023)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biomass partitioning, Grain protein concentration, Grain protein deviation, Low soil nitrogen, Nitrogen remobilization efficiency, Triticum aestivum, Agriculture (General), S1-972

الوصف: Background In wheat, nitrogen (N) remobilization from vegetative tissues to developing grains largely depends on genetic and environmental factors. The evaluation of genetic potential of crops under limited resource inputs such as limited N supply would provide an opportunity to identify N-efficient lines with improved N utilisation efficiency and yield potential. We assessed the genetic variation in wheat recombinant inbred lines (RILs) for uptake, partitioning, and remobilization of N towards grain, its association with grain protein concentration (GPC) and grain yield. Methods We used the nested association mapping (NAM) population (195 lines) derived by crossing Paragon (P) with CIMMYT core germplasm (P × Cim), Baj (P × Baj), Watkins (P × Wat), and Wyalkatchem (P × Wya). These lines were evaluated in the field for two seasons under limited N supply. The plant sampling was done at anthesis and physiological maturity stages. Various physiological traits were recorded and total N uptake and other N related indices were calculated. The grain protein deviation (GPD) was calculated from the regression of grain yield on GPC. These lines were grouped into different clusters by hierarchical cluster analysis based on grain yield and N-remobilization efficiency (NRE). Results The genetic variation in accumulation of biomass at both pre- and post-anthesis stages were correlated with grain-yield. The NRE significantly correlated with aboveground N uptake at anthesis (AGNa) and grain yield but negatively associated with AGN at post-anthesis (AGNpa) suggesting higher N uptake till anthesis favours high N remobilization during grain filling. Hierarchical cluster analysis of these RILs based on NRE and yield resulted in four clusters, efficient (31), moderately efficient (59), moderately inefficient (58), and inefficient (47). In the N-efficient lines, AGNa contributed to 77% of total N accumulated in grains, while it was 63% in N-inefficient lines. Several N-efficient lines also exhibited positive grain protein ...

العلاقة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-023-00153-7Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2662-4044Test; https://doaj.org/article/1a4ec08c7ef642b0b4c57685adf170f4Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-023-00153-7Test
https://doaj.org/article/1a4ec08c7ef642b0b4c57685adf170f4Test

المؤلفون: Karolina Tremmel-Bede, Marietta Szentmiklóssy, Anna-Maija Lampi, Vieno Piironen, Peter R. Shewry, Gyula Vida, Sándor Tömösközi, Ildikó Karsai, László Láng, Zoltán Bedő, Marianna Rakszegi

المصدر: Foods; Volume 11; Issue 9; Pages: 1343

مصطلحات موضوعية: breeding, diversity, G × E, heritability, recombinant inbred lines, tocol, wheat

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: Wheat is a well-known source of B vitamins but also contains significant amounts of vitamin E and related tocols, which have a number of positive health benefits. However, there are no reports on increasing the tocol content of wheat. A prerequisite for increasing the tocol content is the identification of variation in its amount within wheat and related cereals. We therefore determined the tocol content and composition in the grain of 230 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of a diverse biparental wheat population (Mv Toborzó/Tommi), showing variation in the total content from 13.69 to 45.18 μg/g d.m. The total content also showed transgressive segregation in the population. The effect of the genotype on the variance components of tocols was studied, and the broad-sense heritability was calculated to be 0.71. The lines were also grouped based on their tocol content and analyzed for their chemical composition and breadmaking quality. The high heritability value and the wide variation found in the total amount indicate that increasing the content of tocols is a possible breeding strategy.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Grain; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11091343Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11091343Test

المؤلفون: Per Snell, Mark Wilkinson, Gavin J. Taylor, Stephen Hall, Shrikant Sharma, Nick Sirijovski, Mats Hansson, Peter R. Shewry, Per Hofvander, Åsa Grimberg

المصدر: Plants; Volume 11; Issue 7; Pages: 889

مصطلحات موضوعية: aleurone cells, Triticum aestivum, carbon allocation, cereal endosperm, oil biosynthesis, transcription factor, triacylglycerol, wheat flour, WRINKLED1

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major staple crops in the world and is used to prepare a range of foods. The development of new varieties with wider variation in grain composition could broaden their use. We characterized grains and flours from oil-accumulating transgenic wheat expressing the oat (Avena sativa L.) endosperm WRINKLED1 (AsWRI1) grown under field conditions. Lipid and starch accumulation was determined in developing caryopses of AsWRI1-wheat and X-ray microtomography was used to study grain morphology. The developing caryopses of AsWRI1-wheat grains had increased triacylglycerol content and decreased starch content compared to the control. Mature AsWRI1-wheat grains also had reduced weight, were wrinkled and had a shrunken endosperm and X-ray tomography revealed that the proportion of endosperm was decreased while that of the aleurone was increased. Grains were milled to produce two white flours and one bran fraction. Mineral and lipid analyses showed that the flour fractions from the AsWRI1-wheat were contaminated with bran, due to the effects of the changed morphology on milling. This study gives a detailed analysis of grains from field grown transgenic wheat that expresses a gene that plays a central regulatory role in carbon allocation and significantly affects grain composition.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Plant Physiology and Metabolism; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11070889Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11070889Test

المؤلفون: Per Snell, Mark Wilkinson, Gavin J. Taylor, Stephen Hall, Shrikant Sharma, Nick Sirijovski, Mats Hansson, Peter R. Shewry, Per Hofvander, Åsa Grimberg

المصدر: Plants, Vol 11, Iss 889, p 889 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: aleurone cells, Triticum aestivum, carbon allocation, cereal endosperm, oil biosynthesis, transcription factor, Botany, QK1-989

الوصف: Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major staple crops in the world and is used to prepare a range of foods. The development of new varieties with wider variation in grain composition could broaden their use. We characterized grains and flours from oil-accumulating transgenic wheat expressing the oat ( Avena sativa L.) endosperm WRINKLED1 ( AsWRI1 ) grown under field conditions. Lipid and starch accumulation was determined in developing caryopses of AsWRI1 -wheat and X-ray microtomography was used to study grain morphology. The developing caryopses of AsWRI1 -wheat grains had increased triacylglycerol content and decreased starch content compared to the control. Mature AsWRI1 -wheat grains also had reduced weight, were wrinkled and had a shrunken endosperm and X-ray tomography revealed that the proportion of endosperm was decreased while that of the aleurone was increased. Grains were milled to produce two white flours and one bran fraction. Mineral and lipid analyses showed that the flour fractions from the AsWRI1- wheat were contaminated with bran, due to the effects of the changed morphology on milling. This study gives a detailed analysis of grains from field grown transgenic wheat that expresses a gene that plays a central regulatory role in carbon allocation and significantly affects grain composition.

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/7/889Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747Test; https://doaj.org/article/117feab281a743ac9082743269bf6d6cTest

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11070889Test
https://doaj.org/article/117feab281a743ac9082743269bf6d6cTest

المؤلفون: Karolina Tremmel-Bede, Marietta Szentmiklóssy, Anna-Maija Lampi, Vieno Piironen, Peter R. Shewry, Gyula Vida, Sándor Tömösközi, Ildikó Karsai, László Láng, Zoltán Bedő, Marianna Rakszegi

المصدر: Foods, Vol 11, Iss 1343, p 1343 (2022)

مصطلحات موضوعية: breeding, diversity, G × E, heritability, recombinant inbred lines, tocol, Chemical technology, TP1-1185

الوصف: Wheat is a well-known source of B vitamins but also contains significant amounts of vitamin E and related tocols, which have a number of positive health benefits. However, there are no reports on increasing the tocol content of wheat. A prerequisite for increasing the tocol content is the identification of variation in its amount within wheat and related cereals. We therefore determined the tocol content and composition in the grain of 230 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of a diverse biparental wheat population (Mv Toborzó/Tommi), showing variation in the total content from 13.69 to 45.18 μg/g d.m. The total content also showed transgressive segregation in the population. The effect of the genotype on the variance components of tocols was studied, and the broad-sense heritability was calculated to be 0.71. The lines were also grouped based on their tocol content and analyzed for their chemical composition and breadmaking quality. The high heritability value and the wide variation found in the total amount indicate that increasing the content of tocols is a possible breeding strategy.

العلاقة: https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/9/1343Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158Test; https://doaj.org/article/298859f469154724a04ddf2c1733c48dTest

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11091343Test
https://doaj.org/article/298859f469154724a04ddf2c1733c48dTest

المؤلفون: Mark D. Wilkinson (11302314), Ondrej Kosik (3746182), Kirstie Halsey (4506964), Hannah Walpole (11302317), Jessica Evans (220502), Abigail J. Wood (11302320), Jane L. Ward (212937), Rowan A. C. Mitchell (8407185), Alison Lovegrove (652028), Peter R. Shewry (317029)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Hematology, Plant Biology, Virology, Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified, xylan synthase genes, xylan backbone, xylan synthase complexes, xylan synthase, RNAi suppression, GT, cell wall mechanics, AX, cell wall polysaccharide

الوصف: (PDF)

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/_i_Triticum_aestivum_i_GT43_1_nucleotide_sequences_/15447579Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256350.s001Test

المؤلفون: Yongfang Wan (44917), Yan Wang (15435), Zhiqiang Shi (1971433), Doris Rentsch (1153), Jane L. Ward (212937), Kirsty Hassall (7042094), Caroline A. Sparks (4244743), Alison K. Huttly (3300045), Peter Buchner (88324), Stephen Powers (5655409), Peter R. Shewry (317029), Malcolm J. Hawkesford (88327)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biophysics, Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology, Ecology, Developmental Biology, Plant Biology, Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified, Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified, Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified, acid transporters, TaAAP 13 expression, grain nitrogen concentration, increase protein content, HMW-GS, endosperm transfer cells, grain Amino acids, source nitrogen remobilized, weight glutenin subunit, endosperm cells

الوصف: Cross (×) represents that the AAP is unable to transport this amino acid; Tick (√) represents that the AAP is able to transport this amino acid. † indicates the TaAAP is unable to complement yeast mutant at low Arginine concentration 0.5g/l, but is weakly complement yeast mutant at high Arginine concentration at 1g/l. (DOCX)

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/The_amino_acids_of_i_TaAAP2_i_i_TaAAP13_i_and_i_TaAAP21_i_complementation_in_yeast_mutants_/14063026Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246763.s012Test

المؤلفون: Yongfang Wan (44917), Yan Wang (15435), Zhiqiang Shi (1971433), Doris Rentsch (1153), Jane L. Ward (212937), Kirsty Hassall (7042094), Caroline A. Sparks (4244743), Alison K. Huttly (3300045), Peter Buchner (88324), Stephen Powers (5655409), Peter R. Shewry (317029), Malcolm J. Hawkesford (88327)

مصطلحات موضوعية: Biophysics, Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology, Ecology, Developmental Biology, Plant Biology, Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified, Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified, Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified, acid transporters, TaAAP 13 expression, grain nitrogen concentration, increase protein content, HMW-GS, endosperm transfer cells, grain Amino acids, source nitrogen remobilized, weight glutenin subunit, endosperm cells

الوصف: The data are expressed as means±SE (standard error). Grain size LSD (5%) = 1.72; grain length LSD (5%) = 0.22; grain width LSD (5%) = 0.22. * represents a difference exceeding the LSD 5% level compared with P15 null using ANOVA. (DOCX)

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/The_grain_size_area_length_and_width_of_pHMW-TaAAP13_overexpression_lines_/14063032Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246763.s014Test