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1دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Komudi Singh, Mid Eum Lee, Maryam Entezari, Chan-Hun Jung, Yeonsoo Kim, Youngmin Park, Jack D. Fioretti, Won-Ki Huh, Hay-Oak Park, Pil Jung Kang
المصدر: G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics, Vol 9, Iss 3, Pp 921-931 (2019)
مصطلحات موضوعية: yeast knockout strains, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, oxidative stress, regulated cell death, autophagy, Genetics, QH426-470
الوصف: Rho GTPases play critical roles in cell proliferation and cell death in many species. As in animal cells, cells of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergo regulated cell death under various physiological conditions and upon exposure to external stress. The Rho5 GTPase is necessary for oxidant-induced cell death, and cells expressing a constitutively active GTP-locked Rho5 are hypersensitive to oxidants. Yet how Rho5 regulates yeast cell death has been poorly understood. To identify genes that are involved in the Rho5-mediated cell death program, we performed two complementary genome-wide screens: one screen for oxidant-resistant deletion mutants and another screen for Rho5-associated proteins. Functional enrichment and interaction network analysis revealed enrichment for genes in pathways related to metabolism, transport, and plasma membrane organization. In particular, we find that ATG21, which is known to be involved in the CVT (Cytoplasm-to-Vacuole Targeting) pathway and mitophagy, is necessary for cell death induced by oxidants. Cells lacking Atg21 exhibit little cell death upon exposure to oxidants even when the GTP-locked Rho5 is expressed. Moreover, Atg21 interacts with Rho5 preferentially in its GTP-bound state, suggesting that Atg21 is a downstream target of Rho5 in oxidant-induced cell death. Given the high degree of conservation of Rho GTPases and autophagy from yeast to human, this study may provide insight into regulated cell death in eukaryotes in general.
العلاقة: https://doaj.org/toc/2160-1836Test; https://doaj.org/article/0ae7a393f1e84aea99340638bbd6ede2Test
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.118.200887Test
https://doaj.org/article/0ae7a393f1e84aea99340638bbd6ede2Test -
2دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Didac Carmona-Gutierrez, Maria Anna Bauer, Andreas Zimmermann, Andrés Aguilera, Nicanor Austriaco, Kathryn Ayscough, Rena Balzan, Shoshana Bar-Nun, Antonio Barrientos, Peter Belenky, Marc Blondel, Ralf J. Braun, Michael Breitenbach, William C. Burhans, Sabrina Büttner, Duccio Cavalieri, Michael Chang, Katrina F. Cooper, Manuela Côrte-Real, Vítor Costa, Christophe Cullin, Ian Dawes, Jörn Dengjel, Martin B. Dickman, Tobias Eisenberg, Birthe Fahrenkrog, Nicolas Fasel, Kai-Uwe Fröhlich, Ali Gargouri, Sergio Giannattasio, Paola Goffrini, Campbell W. Gourlay, Chris M. Grant, Michael T. Greenwood, Nicoletta Guaragnella, Thomas Heger, Jürgen Heinisch, Eva Herker, Johannes M. Herrmann, Sebastian Hofer, Antonio Jiménez-Ruiz, Helmut Jungwirth, Katharina Kainz, Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, Paula Ludovico, Stéphen Manon, Enzo Martegani, Cristina Mazzoni, Lynn A. Megeney, Chris Meisinger, Jens Nielsen, Thomas Nyström, Heinz D. Osiewacz, Tiago F. Outeiro, Hay-Oak Park, Tobias Pendl, Dina Petranovic, Stephane Picot, Peter Polčic, Mark Ramsdale, Mark Rinnerthaler, Patrick Rockenfeller, Christoph Ruckenstuhl, Raffael Schaffrath, Maria Segovia, Fedor F. Severin, Amir Sharon, Stephan J. Sigrist, Cornelia Sommer-Ruck, Maria João Sousa, Johan M. Thevelein, Karin Thevissen, Vladimir Titorenko, Michel B. Toledano, Mick Tuite, F.-Nora Vögtle, Benedikt Westermann, Joris Winderickx, Silke Wissing, Stefan Wölfl, Zhaojie J. Zhang, Richard Y. Zhao, Bing Zhou, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Guido Kroemer, Frank Madeo
المصدر: Microbial Cell, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 4-31 (2018)
مصطلحات موضوعية: accidental cell death, apoptosis, autophagic cell death, autophagy, caspases, mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, mitotic catastrophe, model organism, necrosis, reactive oxygen species, regulated cell death, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
الوصف: Elucidating the biology of yeast in its full complexity has major implications for science, medicine and industry. One of the most critical processes determining yeast life and physiology is cellular demise. However, the investigation of yeast cell death is a relatively young field, and a widely accepted set of concepts and terms is still missing. Here, we propose unified criteria for the definition of accidental, regulated, and programmed forms of cell death in yeast based on a series of morphological and biochemical criteria. Specifically, we provide consensus guidelines on the differential definition of terms including apoptosis, regulated necrosis, and autophagic cell death, as we refer to additional cell death routines that are relevant for the biology of (at least some species of) yeast. As this area of investigation advances rapidly, changes and extensions to this set of recommendations will be implemented in the years to come. Nonetheless, we strongly encourage the authors, reviewers and editors of scientific articles to adopt these collective standards in order to establish an accurate framework for yeast cell death research and, ultimately, to accelerate the progress of this vibrant field of research.
العلاقة: http://microbialcell.com/researcharticles/guidelines-and-recommendations-on-yeast-cell-death-nomenclatureTest/; https://doaj.org/toc/2311-2638Test; https://doaj.org/article/7204719614c446e08c16d57347cd80b5Test
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.15698/mic2018.01.607Test
https://doaj.org/article/7204719614c446e08c16d57347cd80b5Test -
3دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Wing-Cheong Lo, Mid Eum Lee, Monisha Narayan, Ching-Shan Chou, Hay-Oak Park
المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 2, p e56665 (2013)
الوصف: Cell polarization occurs along a single axis that is generally determined by a spatial cue. Cells of the budding yeast exhibit a characteristic pattern of budding, which depends on cell-type-specific cortical markers, reflecting a genetic programming for the site of cell polarization. The Cdc42 GTPase plays a key role in cell polarization in various cell types. Although previous studies in budding yeast suggested positive feedback loops whereby Cdc42 becomes polarized, these mechanisms do not include spatial cues, neglecting the normal patterns of budding. Here we combine live-cell imaging and mathematical modeling to understand how diploid daughter cells establish polarity preferentially at the pole distal to the previous division site. Live-cell imaging shows that daughter cells of diploids exhibit dynamic polarization of Cdc42-GTP, which localizes to the bud tip until the M phase, to the division site at cytokinesis, and then to the distal pole in the next G1 phase. The strong bias toward distal budding of daughter cells requires the distal-pole tag Bud8 and Rga1, a GTPase activating protein for Cdc42, which inhibits budding at the cytokinesis site. Unexpectedly, we also find that over 50% of daughter cells lacking Rga1 exhibit persistent Cdc42-GTP polarization at the bud tip and the distal pole, revealing an additional role of Rga1 in spatiotemporal regulation of Cdc42 and thus in the pattern of polarized growth. Mathematical modeling indeed reveals robust Cdc42-GTP clustering at the distal pole in diploid daughter cells despite random perturbation of the landmark cues. Moreover, modeling predicts different dynamics of Cdc42-GTP polarization when the landmark level and the initial level of Cdc42-GTP at the division site are perturbed by noise added in the model.
العلاقة: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3577668?pdf=renderTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test; https://doaj.org/article/80f4df74780846ba80d0462d113760a8Test
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056665Test
https://doaj.org/article/80f4df74780846ba80d0462d113760a8Test -
4دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Scott A Nelson, Anthony M Sanson, Hay-Oak Park, John A Cooper
المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 4, p e36127 (2012)
الوصف: The spindle position checkpoint (SPC) ensures correct mitotic spindle position before allowing mitotic exit in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In a candidate screen for checkpoint genes, we identified bud2Δ as deficient for the SPC. Bud2 is a GTPase activating protein (GAP), and the only known substrate of Bud2 was Rsr1/Bud1, a Ras-like GTPase and a central component of the bud-site-selection pathway. Mutants lacking Rsr1/Bud1 had no checkpoint defect, as did strains lacking and overexpressing Bud5, a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rsr1/Bud1. Thus, the checkpoint function of Bud2 is distinct from its role in bud site selection. The catalytic activity of the Bud2 GAP domain was required for the checkpoint, based on the failure of the known catalytic point mutant Bud2(R682A) to function in the checkpoint. Based on assays of heterozygous diploids, bud2(R682A), was dominant for loss of checkpoint but recessive for bud-site-selection failure, further indicating a separation of function. Tem1 is a Ras-like protein and is the critical regulator of mitotic exit, sitting atop the mitotic exit network (MEN). Tem1 is a likely target for Bud2, supported by genetic analyses that exclude other Ras-like proteins.
العلاقة: http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3338500?pdf=renderTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Test; https://doaj.org/article/ac5fa4b30dbb456ba55f4a12c5135376Test
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036127Test
https://doaj.org/article/ac5fa4b30dbb456ba55f4a12c5135376Test -
5دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Scott A. Nelson, Anthony M. Sanson, Hay-oak Park, John A. Cooper
المساهمون: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
المصدر: ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/f4/47/PLoS_One_2012_Apr_25_7(4)_e36127.tar.gz
مصطلحات موضوعية: funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publ
الوصف: The spindle position checkpoint (SPC) ensures correct mitotic spindle position before allowing mitotic exit in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In a candidate screen for checkpoint genes, we identified bud2D as deficient for the SPC. Bud2 is a GTPase activating protein (GAP), and the only known substrate of Bud2 was Rsr1/Bud1, a Ras-like GTPase and a central component of the bud-site-selection pathway. Mutants lacking Rsr1/Bud1 had no checkpoint defect, as did strains lacking and overexpressing Bud5, a guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rsr1/Bud1. Thus, the checkpoint function of Bud2 is distinct from its role in bud site selection. The catalytic activity of the Bud2 GAP domain was required for the checkpoint, based on the failure of the known catalytic point mutant Bud2 R682A to function in the checkpoint. Based on assays of heterozygous diploids, bud2 R682A, was dominant for loss of checkpoint but recessive for bud-site-selection failure, further indicating a separation of function. Tem1 is a Ras-like protein and is the critical regulator of mitotic exit, sitting atop the mitotic exit network (MEN). Tem1 is a likely target for Bud2, supported by genetic analyses that exclude other Ras-like proteins.
وصف الملف: application/zip
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6دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Hay-oak Park, Erfei Bi, Cdc Gtpase
المساهمون: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
مصطلحات موضوعية: Cdc24, a GEF for Cdc42.
الوصف: These include: This article cites 649 articles, 365 of which can be accessed free at
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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7دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Keith G. Kozminski, Laure Beven, Elizabeth Angerman, Amy Hin, Yan Tong, Charles Boone, Hay-oak Park, Banting
المساهمون: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
الوصف: Polarized cell growth requires the coupling of a defined spatial site on the cell cortex to the apparatus that directs the establishment of cell polarity. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Ras-family GTPase Rsr1p/Bud1p and its regulators select the proper site for bud emergence on the cell cortex. The Rho-family GTPase Cdc42p and its associated proteins then establish an axis of polarized growth by triggering an asymmetric organization of the actin cytoskeleton and secretory apparatus at the selected bud site. We explored whether a direct linkage exists between the Rsr1p/Bud1p and Cdc42p GTPases. Here we show specific genetic interactions between RSR1/BUD1 and particular cdc42 mutants defective in polarity establishment. We also show that Cdc42p coimmunoprecipitated with Rsr1p/Bud1p from yeast extracts. In vitro studies indicated a direct interaction between Rsr1p/Bud1p and Cdc42p, which was enhanced by Cdc24p, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42p. Our findings suggest that Cdc42p interacts directly with Rsr1p/Bud1p in vivo, providing a novel mechanism by which direct contact between a Ras-family GTPase and a Rho-family GTPase links the selection of a growth site to polarity establishment.
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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8دورية أكاديمية
المؤلفون: Keith G. Kozminski, Laure Beven, Elizabeth Angerman, Amy Hin, Yan Tong, Charles Boone, Hay-oak Park
المساهمون: The Pennsylvania State University CiteSeerX Archives
مصطلحات موضوعية: Key Words, cell polarity, yeast budding, CDC42, RSR1, GTPase coupling 1
الوصف: 2 Kozminski et al. Polarized cell growth requires the coupling of a defined spatial site on the cell cortex to the apparatus that directs the establishment of cell polarity. In the budding yeast S. cerevisiae, the Ras-family GTPase Rsr1p/Bud1p and its regulators select the proper site for bud emergence on the cell cortex. The Rho-family GTPase Cdc42p and its associated proteins then establish an axis of polarized growth by triggering an asymmetric organization of the actin cytoskeleton and secretory apparatus at the selected bud site. We explored whether a direct linkage exists between the Rsr1p/Bud1p and Cdc42p GTPases. Here we show specific genetic interactions between RSR1/BUD1 and particular cdc42 mutants defective in polarity establishment. We also show that Cdc42p co-immunoprecipitated with Rsr1p/Bud1p from yeast extracts. In vitro studies indicated a direct interaction between Rsr1p/Bud1p and Cdc42p, which was enhanced by Cdc24p, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Cdc42p. Our findings suggest that Cdc42p
وصف الملف: application/pdf
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