المؤلفون: Bloomgarden, Zachary, Schatz, Desmond

المصدر: Journal of Diabetes ; volume 14, issue 10, page 642-645 ; ISSN 1753-0393 1753-0407

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13326Test

المؤلفون: Niu, Shu, Alkhuzam, Khalid A., Guan, Dawei, Jiao, Tianze, Shi, Lizheng, Fonseca, Vivian, Laiteerapong, Neda, Ali, Mohammed K., Schatz, Desmond A., Guo, Jingchuan, Shao, Hui

المساهمون: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

المصدر: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism ; volume 26, issue 2, page 463-472 ; ISSN 1462-8902 1463-1326

الوصف: Aim This study compared the 5‐year incidence rate of macrovascular and microvascular complications for tirzepatide, semaglutide and insulin glargine in individuals with type 2 diabetes, using the Building, Relating, Assessing, and Validating Outcomes (BRAVO) diabetes simulation model. Research Design and Methods This study was a 5‐year SURPASS‐2 trial extrapolation, with an insulin glargine arm added as an additional comparator. The 1‐year treatment effects of tirzepatide (5, 10 or 15 mg), semaglutide (1 mg) and insulin glargine on glycated haemoglobin, systolic blood pressure, low‐density lipoprotein and body weights were obtained from the SUSTAIN‐4 and SURPASS‐2 trials. We used the BRAVO model to predict 5‐year complications for each study arm under two scenarios: the 1‐year treatment effects persisted (optimistic) or diminished to none in 5 years (conservative). Results When compared with insulin glargine, we projected a 5‐year risk reduction in cardiovascular adverse events [rate ratio (RR) 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.61‐0.67] and microvascular composite (RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.64‐0.70) with 15 mg tirzepatide, and 5‐year risk reduction in cardiovascular adverse events (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.72‐0.79) and microvascular composite (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.76‐0.82) with semaglutide (1 mg) under an optimistic scenario. Lower doses of tirzepatide also had similar, albeit smaller benefits. Treatment effects for tirzepatide and semaglutide were smaller but still significantly higher than insulin glargine under a conservative scenario. The 5‐year risk reduction in diabetes‐related complication events and mortality for the 15 mg tirzepatide compared with insulin glargine ranged from 49% to 10% under an optimistic scenario, which was reduced by 17%‐33% when a conservative scenario was assumed. Conclusion With the use of the BRAVO diabetes model, tirzepatide and semaglutide exhibited potential to reduce the risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications among individuals with type 2 diabetes, compared with ...

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.15332Test

المؤلفون: Foster, Timothy P., Haller, Michael J., Atkinson, Mark A., Schatz, Desmond A.

المساهمون: Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation United States of America, Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust

المصدر: Journal of Diabetes ; volume 13, issue 10, page 837-839 ; ISSN 1753-0393 1753-0407

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13208Test

المؤلفون: Levetan, Claresa, Pozzilli, Paolo, Jovanovic, Lois, Schatz, Desmond

المصدر: Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews ; volume 29, issue 8, page 604-606 ; ISSN 1520-7552 1520-7560

الوصف: Background Over the past decade, many immune tolerance agents have shown promise in the non‐obese diabetic mouse model for prevention and reversal of type 1 diabetes but have not been successful in clinical trials among recently diagnosed type 1 patients. The trials from decades ago using Cyclosporine A in significantly lower dosages than used for organ transplantation and in similar dosages that have increased T regulatory cell populations in conditions such as atopic dermatitis, demonstrated very high initial insulin‐free remission rates when administered immediately after diagnosis. Over time, all newly diagnosed type 1 patients given Cyclosporine A required insulin. Human trials with immune tolerance agents suggest that in addition to an immune tolerance agent, a beta cell regeneration agent may also be necessary to induce long‐lasting remission among patients with recent onset type 1 diabetes. Methods A randomized, double‐blind prospective trial among recent onset type 1 diabetes patients has been designed using Cyclosporine A and a proton‐pump inhibitor, which increases gastrin levels and has been shown to work through the Reg receptor to transform pancreatic duct cells into islets. © 2013 The Authors. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.2435Test

المؤلفون: Haller, Michael J., Atkinson, Mark A., Schatz, Desmond A.

المساهمون: Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, National Institutes of Health

المصدر: European Journal of Immunology ; volume 39, issue 8, page 2054-2058 ; ISSN 0014-2980 1521-4141

الوصف: The past quarter century has seen a rapid increase in our knowledge about the natural history of autoimmune type 1 diabetes. However, we stand unable to achieve our ultimate goal of preventing or reversing this disease. This viewpoint discusses controversies in current management of type 1 diabetes, the challenges in translating promising studies from mouse models of the disease to humans, hurdles faced in designing optimal prevention and intervention studies, and potential strategies to overcome these obstacles. “....Two roads diverged in a wood, and I‐I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.” ‐ The Road Not Taken Robert Frost, 1920

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.200939517Test

المؤلفون: Beyerlein, Andreas, Uusitalo, Ulla M., Virtanen, Suvi M., Vehik, Kendra, Yang, Jimin, Winkler, Christiane, Kersting, Mathilde, Koletzko, Sibylle, Schatz, Desmond, Aronsson, Carin Andrén, Elding Larsson, Helena, Krischer, Jeffrey P., Ziegler, Anette‐G., Norris, Jill M., Hummel, Sandra

المساهمون: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, University of Florida, University of Colorado

المصدر: Obesity ; volume 25, issue 8, page 1435-1441 ; ISSN 1930-7381 1930-739X

الوصف: Objective The associations of energy, protein, carbohydrate, and fat intake with weight status up to the age of 5.5 years were prospectively assessed in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. Methods Food record data (over 3 days) and BMI measurements between 0.25 and 5.5 years were available from 5,563 children with an increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes followed from shortly after birth. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for overweight and obesity by previous intake of energy, protein, carbohydrate, and fat with adjustment for potential confounders. Results Having overweight or obesity at the age of 5.5 years was positively associated with mean energy intake in previous age intervals (e.g., adjusted OR [95% CI] for overweight: 1.06 [1.04‐1.09] per 100 kcal intake at the age of 4.5‐5.0 years) and with protein intake after the age of 3.5 and 4.5 years, respectively (e.g., adjusted OR for overweight: 1.06 [1.03‐1.09] per 1% of energy intake at the age of 4.5‐5.0 years). The respective associations with carbohydrate and fat intake were less consistent. Conclusions These findings indicate that energy and protein intake are positively associated with increased risk for overweight in childhood but yield no evidence for potential programming effects of protein intake in infancy.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21897Test

المؤلفون: Haller, Michael J, Schatz, Desmond A

المصدر: Pediatric Diabetes ; volume 17, page 5-7 ; ISSN 1399-543X

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12398Test

المؤلفون: Jacobsen, Laura, Schatz, Desmond

المصدر: Pediatric Diabetes ; volume 17, page 78-86 ; ISSN 1399-543X

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/pedi.12333Test

المؤلفون: Fox, Larry A., Mubasher, Mohamed, Wolfsdorf, Joseph I., Buckingham, Bruce A., Peters, Anne L., Tamborlane, William V., Schatz, Desmond A., Maahs, David M., Miller, Kellee M., Beck, Roy W.

المصدر: Journal of Diabetes ; volume 8, issue 6, page 834-838 ; ISSN 1753-0393 1753-0407

الوصف: Background The aim of the present study was to compare characteristics and diabetes management in children and adolescents with and without at least one parent with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods In all, 12 890 participants aged <18 years at enrollment in the T1D Exchange Registry were included in the present study. Statistical comparisons between those with and without parental T1D were conducted using a univariate generalized linear mixed model. Results Of the study participants, 1056 (8.2%) registrants had at least one parent with T1D. Those with parental T1D were slightly, albeit significantly, younger (6.3 vs 6.9 years; P < 0.001) and less likely to have diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis (24% vs 41%; P < 0.001) than those without parental T1D. There were no differences between groups in HbA1c, use of continuous glucose monitoring or insulin pump therapy, or the development of severe hypoglycemia or DKA. In addition, there were no differences found when comparing characteristics or diabetes management in those with a mother versus those with a father with T1D. Conclusions Children and adolescents with parental T1D tend to be diagnosed earlier. Diabetes management, glycemic control, and acute complications are similar in those with and without parental T1D.

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.12363Test

المؤلفون: Ross, Ian L., Levitt, Naomi S., Schatz, Desmond A., Johannsson, Gudmundur

المصدر: Clinical Endocrinology ; volume 78, issue 5, page 800-802 ; ISSN 0300-0664 1365-2265

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.12063Test