| الوصف: |
日本は財政再建や社会保障改革という大きな政治課題を抱えている.地方自治体は国に先行してすでにこうした問題の解決を迫られている.たとえば佐渡市は,人口減少に加えて生産高と財政が縮小する社会になっている.また,環境に優しい福祉の充実した地域づくりをしている点で持続可能な社会を構築している.こうした点で,まさしく佐渡市は白本の縮図を成していると言える.初めに,佐渡市の人口,世帯数,高齢化率,生産高,財政規模の推移を概観し,トキが生息できる環境に優しい島づくりと福祉社会の形成を進めてきた経緯を見る.その後,2つの集落を取り上げ,持続可能な生計アプローチの観点から地域づくりを比較考察し,地域再生の条件を検討する.その結果,2つの地区のあいだで経済資本や人的資本が相違していることに加え,文化資本の性質の相違と社会関係資本の質と量が相違していることを示す. ; This paper considers the desired conditions in reconstructing communities within a shrinking local society. On a macro scale, Japan has various social problems; low fertility, rapid ageing and financial consolidation of local authorities. Many local governments also face similar problems. In this sense, Sado Island might be called a microcosm of Japan as a whole. Global society is now searching for the achievement of sustainable development. There is increasing interest in preferring well-being over economic growth. In this article I first look at the transition to a shrinking population, and local and economic conditions in Sado. I then outline the developmental of welfare and environment policies of Sado City. Finally, I consider the reconstruction of two communities from the sustainable livelihoods approach by looking at livelihood resources: different types of natural, economic. human, cultural and social capitals. As a result, the consideration leads me to the conclusion that characteristics of cultural capital and a plurality of social capitals within community are mainly related to reconstructing communities. ; journal article |
