المؤلفون: Andrea Giovanni Caruso, Arianna Ragona, Sofia Bertacca, Mauricio Alejandro Marin Montoya, Stefano Panno, Salvatore Davino

المصدر: Plants; Volume 12; Issue 7; Pages: 1487

مصطلحات موضوعية: real-time LAMP, ToLCNDV, Begomovirus, in-field detection, zucchini squash

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) represents a threat to economically important horticultural crops. A real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for in-field ToLCNDV detection was developed, coupled to a rapid sample preparation method, and tested both in field and laboratory conditions on zucchini squash, tomato, and pepper samples. A set of six LAMP primers was designed for specific ToCLNDV detection, targeting a 218-nucleotide sequence within the AV1 gene. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the real-time LAMP assay and comparison with canonical PCR were evaluated. The real-time LAMP assay developed was about one-thousand times more sensitive than the conventional PCR method, detecting a total of 4.41 × 102 genome copies as minimum target; no cross-reactivity was detected with the other geminiviruses used as the outgroup. The rapid sample preparation method allows for a reliable detection with a low reaction delay (≈2–3 min) compared to canonical DNA extraction, providing results in less than 45 min. Lastly, an increase in ToLCNDV-positive sample detection was observed compared to PCR, in particular for asymptomatic plants (85% and 71.6%, respectively). The real-time LAMP assay developed is a rapid, simple, specific, and sensitive technique for ToLCNDV detection, and it can be adopted as a routine test, for both in-field and laboratory conditions.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Plant Protection and Biotic Interactions; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12071487Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12071487Test

المؤلفون: Pierluigi Forlano, Stefania Mirela Mang, Vittoria Caccavo, Paolo Fanti, Ippolito Camele, Donatella Battaglia, Vincenzo Trotta

المصدر: Microorganisms; Volume 10; Issue 11; Pages: 2242

مصطلحات موضوعية: zucchini squash, plant diseases, viruses, powdery mildew, aphids, parasitoids, integrated pest management

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: Agrochemicals are generally used in agriculture to maximize yields and product quality, but their overuse can cause environmental pollution and human health problems. To reduce the off-farm input of chemicals, numerous biostimulant products based on beneficial symbiont plant fungi are receiving a great deal of attention. The evolution of plant diseases and the performance of insects are influenced by plant chemical defences, both of which are, in turn, influenced by below-ground symbionts. Direct and indirect plant defences mediated by belowground symbionts against plant diseases and insect herbivores were demonstrated in greenhouses experiments. However, little attention has been paid to the use of Trichoderma under open field conditions, and no data are available for zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) plants in the field. To determine the effects of a commercial Trichoderma harzianum strain T22 on plant viruses, powdery mildew, the arthropod community, and on the agronomic performance associated with zucchini plants, an experiment was conducted in 2022 under open field conditions in South Italy. Our results indicate that T. harzianum T22 makes zucchini plants more attractive to aphids and to Hymenoptera parasitoid but failed to control zucchini pathogens. The complex plant–disease–arthropod–microorganism interactions that occurred in the field during the entire plant cycle are discussed to enrich our current information on the possibilities of using these microorganisms as a green alternative in agriculture.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Environmental Microbiology; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112242Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112242Test

المؤلفون: Luigi Formisano, Michele Ciriello, Christophe El-Nakhel, Stefania De Pascale, Youssef Rouphael

المصدر: Data; Volume 6; Issue 5; Pages: 50

مصطلحات موضوعية: zucchini squash, insect-proof screens, protected environment, ion chromatography

الوصف: The growing interest in healthy foods has driven the agricultural sector towards eco-friendly implementation to manage biotic and abiotic factors in protected environments. In this perspective, anti-insect nets are an effective tool for controlling harmful insect populations concomitantly with reducing chemicals’ interference. However, the low porosity of nets necessary to ensure high exclusion efficiency for a designated insect leads to reduced airflow, impacting the productivity and quality attributes of vegetables. The evidence presented in this dataset pertains to the content of total nitrogen, minerals (i.e., NO3, K, PO4, SO4, Ca, Mg, Cl, and Na), and organic acids (i.e., malate and citrate) of zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo L. cv. Zufolo F1) in leaves and fruits grown with two anti-insect nets with different porosities (Biorete® 50 mesh and Biorete® 50 mesh AirPlus), is and analyzed by the Kjeldahl method and ion chromatography (ICS3000), respectively. Data of total nitrogen concentration, macronutrients, and organic acids provide in-depth information about plants’ physiological response to microclimate changes induced by anti-insect nets.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data6050050Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/data6050050Test

المؤلفون: Sara Rajabi Hamedani, Youssef Rouphael, Giuseppe Colla, Andrea Colantoni, Mariateresa Cardarelli

المصدر: Sustainability; Volume 12; Issue 12; Pages: 5101

مصطلحات موضوعية: life cycle assessment, carbon footprint, mycorrhizal fungi, protein hydrolysate, spinach, zucchini squash

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: Plant biostimulants have gained great interest from the agrochemical industry and farmers because of their ability to enhance nutrient use efficiency and increase abiotic stress tolerance in crop production. However, despite the considerable potential of biostimulants for the sustainable development of the agricultural sector, the environmental evaluation of the application of biostimulants is still missing. Hence, this is the first study that focuses on the environmental assessment of the biostimulant action of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices and vegetal-derived protein hydrolysate on two greenhouse vegetable crops, spinach and zucchini squash, under different fertilization regimes. The life cycle assessment from a cradle to gate perspective, which covers all processes related to crop cultivation up to harvest, was carried out to calculate the carbon footprint of the production chain for these two crops. The results of the comparative analysis revealed that the CO2 equivalent emissions of both crops were reduced due to the biostimulant applications. In particular, the effect of the mycorrhization on the reduction of carbon emissions compared to the un-mycorrhized control was higher in zucchini plants under organic fertilization (12%) than under mineral fertilization (7%). In addition, organic fertilization increased the total carbon footprint of zucchini (52%) compared with mineral fertilization. The results also showed that an increase of nitrogen fertilization from 15 to 45 kg N ha−1 in spinach production enhanced the total CO2 emissions per ton of harvested leaves in comparison with treatments that involved the foliar applications of protein hydrolysate together with a lower nitrogen input; this increase was 4% compared to the unfertilized treatment with application of biostimulant. This study can support decision-making in terms of agronomic technique choices in line with sustainable development of vegetable crop production.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Environmental Sustainability and Applications; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12125101Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12125101Test