المؤلفون: Riccardo Lombardo, Giorgia Tema, Antonio Nacchia, Elisa Mancini, Sara Franco, Filippo Zammitti, Antonio Franco, Hannes Cash, Carmen Gravina, Alessio Guidotti, Giacomo Gallo, Nicola Ghezzo, Antonio Cicione, Andrea Tubaro, Riccardo Autorino, Cosimo De Nunzio

المصدر: Life; Volume 13; Issue 8; Pages: 1719

مصطلحات موضوعية: prostate biopsy, perilesional sampling, targeted biopsies

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: Recently, researchers have proposed perilesional sampling during prostate biopsies to avoid systematic biopsies of patients at risk of prostate cancer. The aim of our study is to evaluate the role of perilesional sampling to avoid systematic biopsies of patients undergoing fusion biopsies. A prospective cohort of patients undergoing transrectal MRI transrectal fusion biopsies were consecutively enrolled. All the patients underwent systematic biopsies (SB), targeted biopsies (TB) and perilesional biopsies within 10 mm from the lesion (PB). The detection rates of different strategies were determined. A total of 262 patients were enrolled. The median age of those enrolled was 70 years. The mean BMI was 27 kg/m2, and the mean and prostate volume was 52 mL. A PIRADS score ≥ 4 was recorded in 163/262 (40%) patients. Overall, the detection rates of cancer were 43.5% (114/262) and 35% (92/262) for csPCa. The use of the target + peri-target strategy resulted in a detection of 32.8% (86/262) of cancer cases and of 29% (76/262) of csPCa cases (Grade Group > 2). Using the target plus peri-target approach resulted in us missing 18/262 (7%) of the csPCa cases, avoiding the diagnosis of 8/262 (3%) of nsPCa cases. A biopsy strategy including lesional and perilesional sampling could avoid unnecessary prostate biopsies. However, the risk of missing significant cancers is present. Future studies should assess the cost–benefit relationship of different strategies.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Medical Research; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13081719Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/life13081719Test

المؤلفون: Francesco Lasorsa, Monica Rutigliano, Martina Milella, Matteo Ferro, Savio Domenico Pandolfo, Felice Crocetto, Riccardo Autorino, Michele Battaglia, Pasquale Ditonno, Giuseppe Lucarelli

المصدر: International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 24; Issue 17; Pages: 13179

مصطلحات موضوعية: renal cell carcinoma, cancer stem cell, CD133, markers, treatment

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: The term “cancer stem cell” (CSC) refers to a cancer cell with the following features: clonogenic ability, the expression of stem cell markers, differentiation into cells of different lineages, growth in nonadhesive spheroids, and the in vivo ability to generate serially transplantable tumors that reflect the heterogeneity of primary cancers (tumorigenicity). According to this model, CSCs may arise from normal stem cells, progenitor cells, and/or differentiated cells because of striking genetic/epigenetic mutations or from the fusion of tissue-specific stem cells with circulating bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs). CSCs use signaling pathways similar to those controlling cell fate during early embryogenesis (Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), fibroblast growth factors, leukemia inhibitory factor, and transforming growth factor-β). Recent studies identified a subpopulation of CD133+/CD24+ cells from ccRCC specimens that displayed self-renewal ability and clonogenic multipotency. The development of agents targeting CSC signaling-specific pathways and not only surface proteins may ultimately become of utmost importance for patients with RCC.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Molecular Pathology, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713179Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713179Test

المؤلفون: Francesco Lasorsa, Monica Rutigliano, Martina Milella, Matteo Ferro, Savio Domenico Pandolfo, Felice Crocetto, Octavian Sabin Tataru, Riccardo Autorino, Michele Battaglia, Pasquale Ditonno, Giuseppe Lucarelli

المصدر: Journal of Clinical Medicine; Volume 12; Issue 12; Pages: 3888

مصطلحات موضوعية: renal cell carcinoma, tumor microenvironment, angiogenesis, metabolism, therapy

الوصف: Globally, clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) represents the most prevalent type of kidney cancer. Surgery plays a key role in the treatment of this cancer, although one third of patients are diagnosed with metastatic ccRCC and about 25% of patients will develop a recurrence after nephrectomy with curative intent. Molecular-target-based agents, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), are recommended for advanced cancers. In addition to cancer cells, the tumor microenvironment (TME) includes non-malignant cell types embedded in an altered extracellular matrix (ECM). The evidence confirms that interactions among cancer cells and TME elements exist and are thought to play crucial roles in the development of cancer, making them promising therapeutic targets. In the TME, an unfavorable pH, waste product accumulation, and competition for nutrients between cancer and immune cells may be regarded as further possible mechanisms of immune escape. To enhance immunotherapies and reduce resistance, it is crucial first to understand how the immune cells work and interact with cancer and other cancer-associated cells in such a complex tumor microenvironment.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Hematology; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12123888Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12123888Test

المؤلفون: Antonio Franco, Antony A. Pellegrino, Cosimo De Nunzio, Morgan Salkowski, Jamal C. Jackson, Lucas B. Zukowski, Enrico Checcucci, Srinivas Vourganti, Alexander K. Chow, Francesco Porpiglia, Jihad Kaouk, Simone Crivellaro, Riccardo Autorino

المصدر: Current Oncology; Volume 30; Issue 4; Pages: 4301-4310

مصطلحات موضوعية: single port, radical prostatectomy, robotic surgery, extraperitoneal

الوصف: In 2018, the da Vinci Single Port (SP) robotic system was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for urologic procedures. Available studies for the application of SP to prostate cancer surgery are limited. The aim of our study is to summarize the current evidence on the techniques and outcomes of SP robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (SP-RARLP) procedures. A narrative review of the literature was performed in January 2023. Preliminary results suggest that SP-RALP is safe and feasible, and it can offer comparable outcomes to the standard multiport RALP. Extraperitoneal and transvesical SP-RALP appear to be the two most promising approaches, as they offer decreased invasiveness, potentially shorter length of stay, and better pain control. Long-term, high-quality data are missing and further validation with prospective studies across different sites is required.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Surgical Oncology; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30040328Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30040328Test

المؤلفون: Francesco Lasorsa, Nicola Antonio di Meo, Monica Rutigliano, Martina Milella, Matteo Ferro, Savio Domenico Pandolfo, Felice Crocetto, Octavian Sabin Tataru, Riccardo Autorino, Michele Battaglia, Pasquale Ditonno, Giuseppe Lucarelli

المصدر: Biomedicines; Volume 11; Issue 4; Pages: 1071

مصطلحات موضوعية: renal cancer, immunotherapy, immune-checkpoint inhibitors, cancer immune escape, therapy

الوصف: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the seventh most common cancer in men and the ninth most common cancer in women worldwide. There is plenty of evidence about the role of the immune system in surveillance against tumors. Thanks to a better understanding of immunosurveillance mechanisms, immunotherapy has been introduced as a promising cancer treatment in recent years. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has long been thought chemoresistant but highly immunogenic. Considering that up to 30% of the patients present metastatic disease at diagnosis, and around 20–30% of patients undergoing surgery will suffer recurrence, we need to identify novel therapeutic targets. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the clinical management of RCC has revolutionized the therapeutic approach against this tumor. Several clinical trials have shown that therapy with ICIs in combination or ICIs and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor has a very good response rate. In this review article we summarize the mechanisms of immunity modulation and immune checkpoints in RCC and discuss the potential therapeutic strategies in renal cancer treatment.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Immunology and Immunotherapy; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041071Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041071Test

المؤلفون: Francesco Del Giudice, Vincenzo Asero, Eugenio Bologna, Carlo Maria Scornajenghi, Dalila Carino, Virginia Dolci, Pietro Viscuso, Stefano Salciccia, Alessandro Sciarra, David D’Andrea, Benjamin Pradere, Marco Moschini, Andrea Mari, Simone Albisinni, Wojciech Krajewski, Tomasz Szydełko, Bartosz Małkiewicz, Łukasz Nowak, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Andrea Gallioli, Laura S. Mertens, Gautier Marcq, Alessia Cimadamore, Luca Afferi, Francesco Soria, Keiichiro Mori, Karl Heinrich Tully, Renate Pichler, Matteo Ferro, Octavian Sabin Tataru, Riccardo Autorino, Simone Crivellaro, Felice Crocetto, Gian Maria Busetto, Satvir Basran, Michael L. Eisenberg, Benjamin Inbeh Chung, Ettore De Berardinis

المصدر: Cancers; Volume 15; Issue 7; Pages: 1937

مصطلحات موضوعية: bladder cancer, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, recurrence rate, BCG immunotherapy, BCG strain, network meta-analysis

الوصف: Background: In an era of Bacillus of Calmette-Guérin (BCG) shortages, the comparative efficacy from different adjuvant intravesical BCG strains in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has not been clearly elucidated. We aim to compare, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, the cumulative BC recurrence rates and the best efficacy profile of worldwide available BCG strains over the last forty years. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched from 1982 up to 2022. A meta-analysis of pooled BC recurrence rates was stratified for studies with ≤3-y vs. >3-y recurrence-free survival (RFS) endpoints and the strain of BCG. Sensitivity analysis, sub-group analysis, and meta-regression were implemented to investigate the contribution of moderators to heterogeneity. A random-effect network meta-analysis was performed to compare BCG strains on a multi-treatment level. Results: In total, n = 62 series with n = 15,412 patients in n = 100 study arms and n = 10 different BCG strains were reviewed. BCG Tokyo 172 exhibited the lowest pooled BC recurrence rate among studies with ≤3-y RFS (0.22 (95%CI 0.16–0.28). No clinically relevant difference was noted among strains at >3-y RFS outcomes. Sub-group and meta-regression analyses highlighted the influence of NMIBC risk-group classification and previous intravesical treated categories. Out of the n = 11 studies with n = 7 BCG strains included in the network, BCG RIVM, Tice, and Tokyo 172 presented with the best-predicted probability for efficacy, yet no single strain was significantly superior to another in preventing BC recurrence risk. Conclusion: We did not identify a BCG stain providing a clinically significant lower BC recurrence rate. While these findings might discourage investment in future head-to-head randomized comparison, we were, however, able to highlight some potential enhanced benefits from the genetically different BCG RIVM, Tice, and Tokyo 172. This evidence would support the use of such strains for ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Molecular Cancer Biology; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15071937Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15071937Test

المؤلفون: Matteo Ferro, Gennaro Musi, Michele Marchioni, Martina Maggi, Alessandro Veccia, Francesco Del Giudice, Biagio Barone, Felice Crocetto, Francesco Lasorsa, Alessandro Antonelli, Luigi Schips, Riccardo Autorino, Gian Maria Busetto, Daniela Terracciano, Giuseppe Lucarelli, Octavian Sabin Tataru

المصدر: International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 24; Issue 5; Pages: 4615

مصطلحات موضوعية: renal cancer, radiomics, radiogenomics, genomics, artificial intelligence, machine learning

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: Renal cancer management is challenging from diagnosis to treatment and follow-up. In cases of small renal masses and cystic lesions the differential diagnosis of benign or malignant tissues has potential pitfalls when imaging or even renal biopsy is applied. The recent artificial intelligence, imaging techniques, and genomics advancements have the ability to help clinicians set the stratification risk, treatment selection, follow-up strategy, and prognosis of the disease. The combination of radiomics features and genomics data has achieved good results but is currently limited by the retrospective design and the small number of patients included in clinical trials. The road ahead for radiogenomics is open to new, well-designed prospective studies, with large cohorts of patients required to validate previously obtained results and enter clinical practice.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Molecular Oncology; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054615Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054615Test

المؤلفون: Aldo Brassetti, Giovanni E. Cacciamani, Andrea Mari, Juan D. Garisto, Riccardo Bertolo, Chandru P. Sundaram, Ithaar Derweesh, Ahmet Bindayi, Prokar Dasgupta, James Porter, Alexander Mottrie, Luigi Schips, Koon Ho Rah, David Y. T. Chen, Chao Zhang, Kenneth Jacobsohn, Umberto Anceschi, Alfredo M. Bove, Manuela Costantini, Mariaconsiglia Ferriero, Riccardo Mastroianni, Leonardo Misuraca, Gabriele Tuderti, Alexander Kutikov, Wesley M. White, Stephen T. Ryan, Francesco Porpiglia, Jihad Kaouk, Andrea Minervini, Inderbir Gill, Riccardo Autorino, Giuseppe Simone

المصدر: Cancers; Volume 14; Issue 18; Pages: 4431

مصطلحات موضوعية: partial nephrectomy, robot-assisted, on-clamp, hilar clamping, off-clamp, renal neoplasm, renal mass, clinical T2, outcomes

الوصف: We compared perioperative outcomes after on-clamp versus off-clamp robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) for >7 cm renal masses. A multicenter dataset was queried for patients who had undergone RAPN for a cT2cN0cM0 kidney tumor from July 2007 to February 2022. The Trifecta achievement (negative surgical margins, no severe complications, and ≤ 30% postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reduction) was considered a surrogate of surgical quality. Overall, 316 cases were included in the analysis, and 58% achieved the Trifecta. A propensity-score-matched analysis generated two cohorts of 89 patients homogeneous for age, ASA score, preoperative eGFR, and RENAL score (all p > 0.21). Compared to the on-clamp approach, OT was significantly shorter in the off-clamp group (80 vs. 190 min; p < 0.001), the incidence of sRFD was lower (22% vs. 40%; p = 0.01), and the Trifecta rate higher (66% vs. 46%; p = 0.01). In a crude analysis, >20 min of hilar clamping was associated with a significantly higher risk of sRFD (OR: 2.30; 95%CI: 1.13–4.64; p = 0.02) and with reduced probabilities of achieving the Trifecta (OR: 0.46; 95%CI: 0.27–0.79; p = 0.004). Purely off-clamp RAPN seems to be a safe and viable option to treat cT2 renal masses and may outperform the on-clamp approach regarding perioperative surgical outcomes.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Cancer Metastasis; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14184431Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14184431Test

المؤلفون: Alessandro Sciarra, Marco Frisenda, Giulio Bevilacqua, Alessandro Gentilucci, Susanna Cattarino, Gianna Mariotti, Francesco Del Giudice, Giovanni Battista Di Pierro, Pietro Viscuso, Paolo Casale, Benjamin I. Chung, Riccardo Autorino, Simone Crivellaro, Stefano Salciccia

المصدر: International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 24; Issue 1; Pages: 674

مصطلحات موضوعية: prostate neoplasm, PARP inhibitor, BRCA gene, DDR gene, castration-resistant

جغرافية الموضوع: agris

الوصف: Herein, we analyze answers achieved, open questions, and future perspectives regarding the analysis of the pathogenetic variants (PV) of DNA damage response (and repair) (DDR) genes in prostate cancer (PC) patients. The incidence of PVs in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes among men with metastatic PC varied between 11% and 33%, which was significantly higher than that in non-metastatic PC, and BRCA2 mutations were more frequent when compared to other DDR genes. The determination of the somatic or germline PVs of BRCA2 was able to define a tailored therapy using PARP inhibitors in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) progression after first-line therapy, with significant improvements in the radiologic progression-free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS) rates. We propose testing all metastatic PC patients for somatic and germline HRR mutations. Somatic determination on the primary site or on historic paraffin preparations with a temporal distance of no longer than 5 years should be preferred over metastatic site biopsies. The prognostic use of DDR PVs will also be used in selected high-risk cases with non-metastatic stages to better arrange controls and therapeutic primary options. We anticipate that the use of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) and in combination with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSI) will be new strategies.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Molecular Oncology; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010674Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010674Test

المؤلفون: Stefano Salciccia, Marco Frisenda, Giulio Bevilacqua, Pietro Viscuso, Paolo Casale, Ettore De Berardinis, Giovanni Battista Di Pierro, Susanna Cattarino, Gloria Giorgino, Davide Rosati, Francesco Del Giudice, Antonio Carbone, Antonio Pastore, Benjamin I. Chung, Michael L. Eisenberg, Riccardo Autorino, Simone Crivellaro, Flavio Forte, Alessandro Sciarra, Gianna Mariotti, Alessandro Gentilucci

المصدر: Current Oncology; Volume 29; Issue 12; Pages: 9474-9500

مصطلحات موضوعية: albumin-to-globulin ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, metastatic, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, prostatic neoplasm, radical prostatectomy

الوصف: Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the albumin/globulin ratio (AGR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) diagnostic and prognostic predictive value in a stratified population of prostate cancer (PC) cases. Methods: Population was divided based on the clinical and histologic diagnosis in: Group A: benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) cases (494 cases); Group B: all PC cases (525 cases); Group B1: clinically significant PC (426 cases); Group B2: non-metastatic PC (416 cases); Group B3: metastatic PC (109 cases). NLR, PLR, and AGR were obtained at the time of the diagnosis, and only in cases with PC considered for radical prostatectomy, determinations were also repeated 90 days after surgery. For each ratio, cut-off values were determined by receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis and fixed at 2.5, 120.0, and 1.4, respectively, for NLR, PLR, and AGR. Results: Accuracy in predictive value for an initial diagnosis of clinically significant PC (csPC) was higher using PLR (0.718) when compared to NLR (0.220) and AGR (0.247), but, despite high sensitivity (0.849), very low specificity (0.256) was present. The risk of csPC significantly increased only according to PLR with an OR = 1.646. The percentage of cases with metastatic PC significantly increased according to high NLR and high PLR. Accuracy was 0.916 and 0.813, respectively, for NLR and PLR cut-off, with higher specificity than sensitivity. The risk of a metastatic disease increased 3.2 times for an NLR > 2.5 and 5.2 times for a PLR > 120 and at the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: PLR and NLR have a significant predictive value towards the development of metastatic disease but not in relation to variations in aggressiveness or T staging inside the non-metastatic PC. Our results suggest an unlikely introduction of these analyses into clinical practice in support of validated PC risk predictors.

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: Genitourinary Oncology; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29120745Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol29120745Test