دورية أكاديمية
The formation and fate of internal waves in the South China Sea
| العنوان: | The formation and fate of internal waves in the South China Sea |
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| المؤلفون: | Alford, M.H., Peacock, T., Mackinnon, J.A., Nash, J.D., Buijsman, M.C., Centuroni, L.R., Chao, S.-Y., Chang, M.-H., Farmer, D.M., Fringer, O.B., Fu, K.-H., Gallacher, P.C., Graber, H.C., Helfrich, K.R., Jachec, S.M., Jackson, C.R., Klymak, J.M., Ko, D.S., Jan, S., Johnston, T.M.S., Legg, S., Lee, I.-H., Lien, R.-C., Mercier, M.J., Moum, J.N., Musgrave, R., Park, J.-H., Pickering, A.I., Pinkel, R., Rainville, L., Ramp, S.R., Rudnick, D.L., Sarkar, S., Scotti, A., Simmons, H.L., St Laurent, L.C., Venayagamoorthy, S.K., Wang, Y.-H., Wang, J., Yang, Y.J., Paluszkiewicz, T., Tang, T.-Y. |
| المصدر: | Nature, 521(7550) |
| بيانات النشر: | Nature Publishing Group |
| سنة النشر: | 2015 |
| المجموعة: | Carolina Digital Repository (UNC - University of North Carolina) |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | climate, sediment, environmental temperature, climate modeling, continental shelf, boundary current, tide, internal wave, gravity wave, energy budget, prediction, geographic and geological phenomena, pollution transport, open ocean, Article, wave propagation, wave modeling, pollutant transport, field study, seashore, salinity, oscillation, sea, South China Sea, internal waves, ocean current, photosynthesis, dispersion, Pacific Ocean |
| الوصف: | Internal gravity waves, the subsurface analogue of the familiar surface gravity waves that break on beaches, are ubiquitous in the ocean. Because of their strong vertical and horizontal currents, and the turbulent mixing caused by their breaking, they affect a panoply of ocean processes, such as the supply of nutrients for photosynthesis1, sediment and pollutant transport2 and acoustic transmission3; they also pose hazards for man-made structures in the ocean4. Generated primarily by the wind and the tides, internal waves can travel thousands of kilometres from their sources before breaking5, making it challenging to observe them and to include them in numerical climate models, which are sensitive to their effects6,7. For over a decade, studies8-11 have targeted the South China Sea, where the oceans' most powerful known internal waves are generated in the Luzon Strait and steepen dramatically as they propagate west. Confusion has persisted regarding their mechanism of generation, variability and energy budget, however, owing to the lack of in situ data from the Luzon Strait, where extreme flow conditions make measurements difficult. Here we use new observations and numerical models to (1) show that the waves begin as sinusoidal disturbances rather than arising from sharp hydraulic phenomena, (2) reveal the existence of >200-metre-high breaking internal waves in the region of generation that give rise to turbulence levels >10,000 times that in the open ocean, (3) determine that the Kuroshio western boundary current noticeably refracts the internal wave field emanating from the Luzon Strait, and (4) demonstrate a factor-of-two agreement between modelled and observed energy fluxes, which allows us to produce an observationally supported energy budget of the region. Together, these findings give a cradle-to-grave picture of internal waves on a basin scale, which will support further improvements of their representation in numerical climate predictions. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| العلاقة: | https://doi.org/10.17615/yatr-xq96Test; https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/8336hb521?file=thumbnailTest; https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/8336hb521Test |
| DOI: | 10.17615/yatr-xq96 |
| الإتاحة: | https://doi.org/10.17615/yatr-xq96Test https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/8336hb521?file=thumbnailTest https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/8336hb521Test |
| حقوق: | http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0Test/ |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.2A68A911 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| DOI: | 10.17615/yatr-xq96 |
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