المؤلفون: Xu, Chenye, Yin, Shanshan, Liu, Yingxue, Chen, Fangfang, Zhong, Zhehui, Li, Fang, Liu, Kai, Liu, Weiping

المصدر: Journal of Hazardous Materials, 380, Art. No. 120867, (2019-12-15)

مصطلحات موضوعية: per/polyfluoroalkyl substances, chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonates, prenatal exposure, potential source identification, birth outcomes

الوصف: Transplacental exposure to per/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) may impact fetal growth, but published evidence are still sparse and not in agreement. Moreover, little is known on the occurrence of emerging chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonates (Cl-PFESAs, 6:2 and 8:2) in maternal-neonatal population. This study investigated eleven PFASs by analyzing 98 cord samples from Hangzhou, China. All target compounds can be transported across placenta, with highest median concentrations of 4.07, 1.05 and 0.731 ng/mL for PFOS, PFOA, and 6:2 Cl-PFESA. Older ages and higher pre-pregnancy BMI were associated with higher cord PFASs concentration; being primiparous was also significantly associated. Notably, after adjusting for potential confounders, PFOS was negatively associated with birth weight (β = -417.3 g, 95 % CI: -742.1, -92.4, p = 0.011, per a log10 unit increase in exposure) and ponderal index (β = -0.005 g/cm^3, 95 % CI: -0.008, -0.002, p = 0.000). PFOS and PFHxS were also indicated to be associated with small for gestational age birth (SGA) (p <  0.05). Although no evidence of association was observed between Cl-PFESAs and birth outcomes in this study, the bioaccumulative properties and development toxicity of Cl-PFESAs deserve continuous concern. ; © 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V. Received 31 December 2018, Revised 1 July 2019, Accepted 4 July 2019, Available online 11 July 2019.

العلاقة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120867Test; oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:mzk8e-29p71; eprintid:97091; resolverid:CaltechAUTHORS:20190712-100536781

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120867Test

المؤلفون: Fatemi, S. Hossein, Earle, Julie, Kanodia, Reena, Kist, David, Emamian, Effat S., Patterson, Paul H., Shi, Limin, Sidwell, Robert

المصدر: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 22(1), 25-33, (2002-02)

مصطلحات موضوعية: human influenza virus, prenatal exposure, pyramidal cell atrophy, macrocephaly, autism, schizophrenia

الوصف: We investigated the role of maternal exposure to human influenza virus (H1N1) in C57BL/6 mice on Day 9 of pregnancy on pyramidal and nonpyramidal cell density, pyramidal nuclear area, and overall brain size in Day 0 neonates and 14-week-old progeny and compared them to sham-infected cohorts. Pyramidal cell density increased significantly (p < 0.0038) by 170% in Day 0 infected mice vs. controls. Nonpyramidal cell density decreased by 33% in Day 0 infected progeny vs. controls albeit, nonsignificantly. Pyramidal cell nuclear size decreased significantly (p < 0.0465) by 29% in exposed newborn mice vs. controls. Fourteen-week-old exposed mice continued to show significant increases in both pyramidal and nonpyramidal cell density values vs. controls respectively (p < 0.0085 E1 (exposed group 1), p < 0.0279 E2 (exposed group 2) pyramidal cell density; p < 0.0092 E1, p < 0.0252 E2, nonpyramidal cell density). By the same token, pyramidal cell nuclear size exhibited 37–43% reductions when compared to control values; these were statistically significant vs. controls (p < 0.04 E1, p < 0.0259 E2). Brain and ventricular area measurements in adult exposed mice also showed significant increases and decreases respectively vs. controls. Ventricular brain ratios exhibited 38–50% decreases in exposed mice vs. controls. While the rate of pyramidal cell proliferation per unit area decreased from birth to adulthood in both control and exposed groups, nonpyramidal cell growth rate increased only in the exposed adult mice. These data show for the first time that prenatal exposure of pregnant mice on Day 9 of pregnancy to a sublethal intranasal administration of influenza virus has both short-term and long-lasting deleterious effects on developing brain structure in the progeny as evident by altered pyramidal and nonpyramidal cell density values; atrophy of pyramidal cells despite normal cell proliferation rate and final enlargement of brain. Moreover, abnormal corticogenesis is associated with development ...

العلاقة: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015337611258Test; oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:3854a-mjf31; eprintid:64485; resolverid:CaltechAUTHORS:20160216-080104606

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015337611258Test