المؤلفون: Silvia Fornasaro, Giovanni Delicato, Francesco Ciani, Guia Morelli, Pilario Costagliola, Valentina Rimondi, Pierfranco Lattanzi, Marco Fioravanti

المساهمون: Fornasaro, Silvia, Delicato, Giovanni, Ciani, Francesco, Morelli, Guia, Costagliola, Pilario, Rimondi, Valentina, Lattanzi, Pierfranco, Fioravanti, Marco

مصطلحات موضوعية: Mercury remobilization, Wildfire, Mt. Amiata (central Italy)

الوصف: About the 10% of global mercury (Hg) emissions to the atmosphere are due to biomass burning during a wildfire. We calculated the release of Hg by a hypothetical wildfire at two sites (Abbadia San Salvatore, ABS and Vivo d’Orcia, VO) in the Monte Amiata Mining District (MAMD), southern Tuscany (Italy), where past Hg mining affects local Hg concentrations. The two sites are locatedat 1.5 km (ABS) and 3 km (VO) from the mining area. The biomass components of black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) and chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill), among the most frequent species in the MAMD, were sampled in a woodland area of 630 m2 (VO) and 1066 m2 (ABS). Bark (n=25), wood (n=18), and pine needle (n=3) were collected in February 2020. Chestnut leaves were not collected due to winter sampling. At each site, topsoils (= litterfall, first 7 cm) and subsoils (715 cm) were collected below the trees (n=22). Hg was measured by means of a direct Hg analyzer (DMA). We quantified: i) the Hg content in plant biomass and soil; ii) the involved biomass at each site (allometric equations); iii) the mass of Hg stored in each site. To estimate Hg emissions during a hypothetical wildfire we assumed that: i) barks and needles release 100% Hg (complete burning); ii) only 20% of wood is combusted; ii) topsoil burning releases 100% of Hg; iii) subsoil does not contribute to Hg emissions. At both sites, Hg concentrations vary in the order soil>bark>needles>wood and were higher in pine trees. The calculated Hg storages (tree components + soil) are 1375 g/ha at ABS and 321 g/ha at VO. The topsoil is the major reservoir for Hg (>90-95%). Among biomass, wood is the major reservoir (56%) followed by barks (42%), and lastly needle (2%). These findings should be included in the implementation of existing fire management and prevention activities. Climate change scenario, with the increasing occurrence of wildfires might result in spikes of Hg concentrations in the atmosphere, possibly near to human sensitive sites.

العلاقة: ispartofbook:Abstract Volume 1st Congress of Società Geochimica Italiana; From theoretical to applied geochemistry; https://hdl.handle.net/11568/1161219Test

الإتاحة: https://hdl.handle.net/11568/1161219Test

المؤلفون: ARDUINI, IDUNA, MARIOTTI, MARCO, ERCOLI L.

المساهمون: Cosentino SL, Tuttobene R, Arduini, Iduna, Mariotti, Marco, Ercoli, L.

مصطلحات موضوعية: barley, remobilization, dry matter

وصف الملف: STAMPA

العلاقة: ispartofbook:Atti XXXVII Convegno della Società Italiana di Agronomia “Il contributo della ricerca agronomica all'innovazione dei sistemi colturali mediterranei”; XXXVII Convegno della Società Italiana di Agronomia; volume:unico; firstpage:65; lastpage:66; numberofpages:2; alleditors:Cosentino SL, Tuttobene R; http://hdl.handle.net/11568/187414Test

الإتاحة: http://hdl.handle.net/11568/187414Test

المؤلفون: Ercoli L, ARDUINI, IDUNA, MARIOTTI, MARCO, MASONI, ALESSANDRO

المساهمون: Ercoli, L, Arduini, Iduna, Mariotti, Marco, Masoni, Alessandro

مصطلحات موضوعية: durum wheat, remobilization

الوصف: Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.) is commonly grown in Mediterranean conditions, where temperature stress during grain filling can limit productivity. This research was performed to evaluate the effect of temperature during grain filling on dry matter and nitrogen dynamics in two Italian durum wheat varieties, Appio and Creso, grown with different nitrogen availabilities. The experiment compared two different temperature regimens, one within the normal range occurring during grain filling in Central Italy, the other within the normal range occurring in the southern regions of Italy (20/15 °C and 28/23 °C day/night, re- spectively). Plants were grown in pots outdoor until anthesis and afterward were placed in growth chambers. Results showed that nitrogen fertilization and post-anthesis temperature af- fected growth, accumulation and partitioning of dry matter and N in durum wheat which, in turn, modified grain yield and N content. Grain yield was better expressed at 20/15 °C, while grain protein concentration was favoured under the 28/23 °C temperature regime. Higher tem- perature promoted remobilization of dry matter and restrained current photosynthesis, but re- duced grain yield, indicating that the loss of photosynthesis could not compensate for the gain from increased remobilization. Grain N content, on the contrary, was promoted under the higher temperature regime, as high temperature reduced N remobilization but did not inhibit root water and nitrogen uptake, given that no water shortage occur.

وصف الملف: STAMPA

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000278038700016; volume:38; issue:2; firstpage:294; lastpage:303; numberofpages:10; journal:CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS; http://hdl.handle.net/11568/190842Test; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-77952978133; http://www.akademiai.com/content/nv66163340g8x882/?p=2a84900a9fd54f8f891b7c2b5c104f36&pi=15Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1556/CRC.38.2010.2.16Test
http://hdl.handle.net/11568/190842Test
http://www.akademiai.com/content/nv66163340g8x882/?p=2a84900a9fd54f8f891b7c2b5c104f36&pi=15Test

المؤلفون: MASONI, ALESSANDRO, MARIOTTI, MARCO, PAMPANA, SILVIA, ERCOLI L

المساهمون: Masoni, Alessandro, Ercoli, L, Mariotti, Marco, Pampana, Silvia

مصطلحات موضوعية: accumulation, durum wheat, gravel content, nitrogen, phosphoru, remobilization

الوصف: Soil gravel content affects many soil physical properties, as well as crop yield. Little is known regarding the influence of soil gravel content on growth and nutrient uptake of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). The accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorous during the vegetative and reproductive periods and the contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to grain N and P con- tent have been evaluated in two durum wheat varieties grown on soils with 0, 10, 20 and 30% gravel content. The two varieties showed similar behaviour and the increase of soil gravel de- creased plant biomass during the entire biological cycle. Nitrogen and P concentration of all plant parts was not affected by soil gravel content, while N and P content was greatly reduced, owing to the effect on dry matter yield. Post-anthesis accumulation and remobilization of N and P were greatly reduced: the decrease from gravel-free soil to 30% gravel content was about 41 kg N ha–1 and 4 kg P ha–1 for the former and 14 kg N ha–1 and 2 kg P ha–1 for the latter. The differences in growth rate were attributed to differences in development of the root system due to the restricted soil volume.

وصف الملف: STAMPA

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000253846000016; volume:36; issue:1; firstpage:157; lastpage:166; numberofpages:10; journal:CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS; http://hdl.handle.net/11568/194855Test; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-39749142152; http://www.akademiai.com/content/gk8543u188083427Test/

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1556/CRC.36.2008.1.16Test
http://hdl.handle.net/11568/194855Test
http://www.akademiai.com/content/gk8543u188083427Test/

المؤلفون: ERCOLI L, LULLI L, MARIOTTI, MARCO, MASONI, ALESSANDRO, ARDUINI, IDUNA

المساهمون: Ercoli, L, Lulli, L, Mariotti, Marco, Masoni, Alessandro, Arduini, Iduna

مصطلحات موضوعية: remobilization, accumulation, water stress

الوصف: Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is commonly grown in dryland conditions, where environmental stress during grain filling can limit productivity and increase the dependency on stored assimilate. We investigated current assimilation and remobilization of dry matter and nitrogen during grain filling in N fertilized and unfertilized durum wheat subjected to different levels of water deficit during grain filling. Two durum wheat varieties, Appio and Creso, were grown in open-air containers with three rates of nitrogen fertilizer (not applied, NO; normal amount, NN; high amount, NH) and four water regimes during grain filling (fully irrigated treatment, FI; low, LWS, moderate, MWS and high water stress, HWS) across 2 years. Grain yield and dry matter and N accumulation and remobilization were positively affected by N availability and negatively by water stress during grain filling. The reduction of grain yield by severe post-anthesis water stress amounted to 27 and 37% for NO and NN, respectively, and was associated with a decrease in kernel weight. There was also a small negative effect on the number of kernels per spike. Conversely, the duration of grain filling was not modified either by water stress or by nitrogen treatments. Severe water stress also reduced dry matter accumulation and remobilization by 36 and 14% in NO plants and by 48 and 25% in NH plants. Similarly, N accumulation and N remobilization was reduced by 43% and by 16% in NO plants and by 51% and by 15% in NH plants. Conversely, low and moderate water stress did not substantially modify the patterns of dry matter and nitrogen deposition in grain. Although remobilization of dry matter and N was less affected by water stress than accumulation, it was not able to counterbalance the reduction of assimilation and consequently it was not able to stabilize grain yield under drought. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.

وصف الملف: STAMPA

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000252688400008; volume:28; issue:2; firstpage:138; lastpage:147; numberofpages:10; journal:EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY; http://hdl.handle.net/11568/183748Test; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-36348969464; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T67-4P6TH6M-2/2/f5e14834f3bd26bda712650791053408Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2007.06.002Test
http://hdl.handle.net/11568/183748Test
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T67-4P6TH6M-2/2/f5e14834f3bd26bda712650791053408Test

المؤلفون: MASONI, ALESSANDRO, ERCOLI L, MARIOTTI, MARCO, ARDUINI, IDUNA

المساهمون: Masoni, Alessandro, Ercoli, L, Mariotti, Marco, Arduini, Iduna

مصطلحات موضوعية: accumulation, dry matter, durum wheat, grain filling, nitrogen, phosphoru, remobilization

الوصف: The objective of the research was to quantify the changes in the accumulation of dry matter and N and P content of four durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) varieties grown on two soil types (sandy-loam and clay-loam), differing for texture, nitrogen content and water holding capacity. Plants were grown in containers and were rainfed until anthesis; irrigation was performed during grain filling to avoid water stress. The difference in total vegetative weight and nitrogen and phosphorus content of plants between anthesis and maturity was used to indirectly estimate the relative contribution of pre-anthesis assimilation and remobilization to grain yield. The behaviour of the four varieties was similar as they ranked in the same order for pre-anthesis and post-anthesis dry matter accumulation and grain yield and differences in soil characteristics induced similar changes in dry matter, N and P accumulation and remobilization. Soil type greatly affected the patterns of dry matter, N and P accumulation and remobilization. Plants grown on clay-loam soil had higher dry weight and N and P content both at anthesis and at maturity and higher grain yield at maturity, compared to plants grown on sandy-loam soil and the remobilization of dry matter, N and P were 75, 140 and 55% higher. Most of the grain carbohydrates originated from photosynthates produced during grain fill, as the contribution of remobilization of dry matter to grain yield did not reach 30%, while most of the grain N and P originated from the remobilization of N and P accumulated prior to anthesis as remobilization of N accounted for 73–82% of grain N content and remobilization of P accounted for 56–63% of grain P content.

وصف الملف: STAMPA

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000245623900001; volume:26; issue:3; firstpage:179; lastpage:186; numberofpages:8; journal:EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY; http://hdl.handle.net/11568/183266Test; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-33847327915; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T67-4M57HFS-1/2/d236e6af618d9eea829c153015d1ca4fTest

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2006.09.006Test
http://hdl.handle.net/11568/183266Test
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T67-4M57HFS-1/2/d236e6af618d9eea829c153015d1ca4fTest

المؤلفون: ERCOLI L, MASONI, ALESSANDRO, MARIOTTI, MARCO, ARDUINI, IDUNA

المساهمون: Ercoli, L, Masoni, Alessandro, Mariotti, Marco, Arduini, Iduna

مصطلحات موضوعية: accumulation, dry matter, durum wheat, grain filling, gravel content, remobilization

الوصف: Soil gravel content affects many soil physical properties, i.e. bulk density, porosity, water infiltration and storage, as well as crop yield. Little is known regarding the influence of soil gravel content on grain yield of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). In this paper the accumulation of dry matter during the vegetative and reproductive periods and the contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to grain yield have been evaluated in two durum wheat varieties grown on soils with 0, 10, 20, and 30% gravel content. The two varieties showed similar behaviour and more soil gravel decreased plant biomass both at anthesis and at maturity. Soil gravel content greatly reduced grain yield and dry weight of all plant parts both at anthesis and maturity. Post-anthesis dry matter accumulation was 16% lower in plants grown on 30% gravel soil and dry matter remobilization was 53% lower, compared to plants grown in gravel-free soil. The differences in growth rate were attributed to the restriction of the volume of soil available for root growth.

وصف الملف: STAMPA

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000242776700014; volume:34; issue:4; firstpage:1299; lastpage:1306; numberofpages:8; journal:CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS; http://hdl.handle.net/11568/181958Test; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-33845758993; http://www.akademiai.com/content/t5u4241267047685Test/

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1556/CRC.34.2006.4.272Test
http://hdl.handle.net/11568/181958Test
http://www.akademiai.com/content/t5u4241267047685Test/