المؤلفون: Schol, Jordy, Ambrosio, Luca, Tamagawa, Shota, Joyce, Kieran, Ruiz-Fernández, Clara, Nomura, Akira, Sakai, Daisuke

المصدر: Scientific Reports; 6/4/2024, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p1-16, 16p

مصطلحات موضوعية: HERNIA, LACTATE dehydrogenase, WEB databases, PAIN measurement, SCIENCE databases

مستخلص: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is often managed surgically. Enzymatic chemonucleolysis emerged as a non-surgical alternative. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy and safety of chemonucleolytic enzymes for LDH. The primary objective is to evaluate efficacy through "treatment success" (i.e., pain reduction) and severe adverse events (SAEs) rates. Additionally, differences in efficacy and safety trends among chemonucleolytic enzymes are explored. Following our PROSPERO registered protocol (CRD42023451546) and PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science databases was conducted up to July 18, 2023. Inclusion criteria involved human LDH treatment with enzymatic chemonucleolysis reagents, assessing pain alleviation, imaging changes, and reporting on SAEs, with focus on allergic reactions. Quality assessment employed the Cochrane Source of Bias and MINORS tools. Meta-analysis utilized odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Among 62 included studies (12,368 patients), chemonucleolysis demonstrated an 79% treatment success rate and significantly outperformed placebo controls (OR 3.35, 95% CI 2.41–4.65) and scored similar to surgical interventions (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.20–2.10). SAEs occurred in 1.4% of cases, with slightly higher rates in chymopapain cohorts. No significant differences in "proceeding to surgery" rates were observed between chemonucleolysis and control cohorts. Limitations include dated and heterogeneous studies, emphasizing the need for higher-quality trials. Further optimization through careful patient selection and advances in therapy implementation may further enhance outcomes. The observed benefits call for wider clinical exploration and adoption. No funding was received for this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Farrag, Yousof, Ait Eldjoudi, Djedjiga, Farrag, Mariam, González-Rodríguez, María, Ruiz-Fernández, Clara, Cordero, Alfonso, Varela-García, María, Torrijos Pulpón, Carlos, Bouza, Rebeca, Lago, Francisca, Pino, Jesus, Alvarez-Lorenzo, Carmen, Gualillo, Oreste

المصدر: Polymers (20734360); Dec2023, Vol. 15 Issue 24, p4635, 16p

مصطلحات موضوعية: HYDROGELS, ETHYLENE glycol, METHACRYLATES, METHYL ether, NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy, METHYL methacrylate, NITRIC-oxide synthases

مستخلص: Here, we present the synthesis of a series of chemical homopolymeric and copolymeric injectable hydrogels based on polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMEM) alone or with 2-dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate (DMAEM). The objective of this study was to investigate how the modification of hydrogel components influences the swelling, rheological attributes, and in vitro biocompatibility of the hydrogels. The hydrogels' networks were formed via free radical polymerization, as assured by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H NMR). The swelling of the hydrogels directly correlated with the monomer and the catalyst amounts, in addition to the molecular weight of the monomer. Rheological analysis revealed that most of the synthesized hydrogels had viscoelastic and shear-thinning properties. The storage modulus and the viscosity increased by increasing the monomer and the crosslinker fraction but decreased by increasing the catalyst. MTT analysis showed no potential toxicity of the homopolymeric hydrogels, whereas the copolymeric hydrogels were toxic only at high DMEAM concentrations. The crosslinker polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) induced inflammation in ATDC5 cells, as detected by the significant increase in nitric oxide synthase type II activity. The results suggest a range of highly tunable homopolymeric and copolymeric hydrogels as candidates for cartilage regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: González-Rodríguez, María, Ait Edjoudi, Djedjiga, Cordero-Barreal, Alfonso, Farrag, Mariam, Varela-García, María, Torrijos-Pulpón, Carlos, Ruiz-Fernández, Clara, Capuozzo, Maurizio, Ottaiano, Alessandro, Lago, Francisca, Pino, Jesús, Farrag, Yousof, Gualillo, Oreste

المصدر: Antioxidants; Dec2023, Vol. 12 Issue 12, p2112, 16p

مصطلحات موضوعية: OLIVE oil, PHENOLS, MEDITERRANEAN diet, RHEUMATISM, INFLAMMATION

مستخلص: Background: The Mediterranean diet is linked to various health benefits, especially the consumption of olive oil as a key component. Multiple studies highlight its advantages, particularly due to its fatty acid composition and additional components like phenolic compounds. A significant antioxidant compound, oleocanthal, known for its antioxidant properties, has gained attention in the pharmaceutical industry for its anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects. It shows promise in addressing cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, and neuroprotection. This systematic review aims to evaluate the existing literature on oleocanthal, examining its role in biological processes and potential impact on conditions like inflammation and cancer. Methods: We performed several searches in PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science (WOS), and Cochrane based on the terms "Oleocanthal", "Cancer", and "Inflammation". The inclusion criteria were as follows: studies whose main topics were oleocanthal and cancer or inflammation. On the other hand, the exclusion criteria were studies that were not focused on oleocanthal, reviews, or editorial material. Given that these findings are explanatory rather than derived from clinical trials, we refrained from employing methods to assess potential bias. This systematic review did not receive any external funding. Results: We found 174 records from these searches, where we discarded reviews and editorial material, duplicated articles, and 1 retracted article. Finally, we had 53 reports assessed for eligibility that were included in this review. Discussion: OC exhibits promising therapeutic potential against both inflammation and cancer. We addressed its ability to target inflammatory genes and pathways, offering potential treatments for conditions like rheumatic diseases by regulating pathways such as NF-kB and MAPK. Additionally, OC's anticancer properties, particularly its notable inhibition of c-Met signaling across various cancers, highlight its efficacy, showcasing promise as a potential treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Farrag, Mariam, Eldjoudi, Djedjiga Ait, González-Rodríguez, María, Cordero-Barreal, Alfonso, Ruiz-Fernández, Clara, Capuozzo, Maurizio, González-Gay, Miguel Angel, Mera, Antonio, Lago, Francisca, Soffar, Ahmed, Essawy, Amina, Pino, Jesus, Farrag, Yousof, Gualillo, Oreste

المصدر: Frontiers in Endocrinology; 1/5/2023, Vol. 13, p1-17, 17p

مصطلحات موضوعية: METABOLIC disorders, FATTY liver, WHITE adipose tissue, TYPE 2 diabetes, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, MEDICAL research, GLUCOSE

مستخلص: Adipose tissue malfunction leads to altered adipokine secretion which might consequently contribute to an array of metabolic diseases spectrum including obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disorders. Asprosin is a novel diabetogenic adipokine classified as a caudamin hormone protein. This adipokine is released from white adipose tissue during fasting and elicits glucogenic and orexigenic effects. Although white adipose tissue is the dominant source for this multitask adipokine, other tissues also may produce asprosin such as salivary glands, pancreatic B-cells, and cartilage. Significantly, plasma asprosin levels link to glucose metabolism, lipid profile, insulin resistance (IR), and β-cell function. Indeed, asprosin exhibits a potent role in the metabolic process, induces hepatic glucose production, and influences appetite behavior. Clinical and preclinical research showed dysregulated levels of circulating asprosin in several metabolic diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD), and several types of cancer. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the asprosin role in the etiology and pathophysiological manifestations of these conditions. Asprosin could be a promising candidate for both novel pharmacological treatment strategies and diagnostic tools, although developing a better understanding of its function and signaling pathways is still needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Copyright of Frontiers in Endocrinology is the property of Frontiers Media S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

المؤلفون: González-Rodríguez, María, Ait Edjoudi, Djedjiga, Cordero Barreal, Alfonso, Ruiz-Fernández, Clara, Farrag, Mariam, González-Rodríguez, Beatriz, Lago, Francisca, Capuozzo, Maurizio, Gonzalez-Gay, Miguel Angel, Mera Varela, Antonio, Pino, Jesús, Farrag, Yousof, Gualillo, Oreste

المصدر: Pharmaceuticals (14248247); Dec2022, Vol. 15 Issue 12, p1544, 12p

مصطلحات موضوعية: RHEUMATOID arthritis, PROGRANULIN, DEGENERATION (Pathology), SYSTEMIC lupus erythematosus, SYNOVIAL fluid, INTERVERTEBRAL disk, RISK perception

مستخلص: Progranulin (PGRN) is a glycoprotein formed by 593 amino acids encoded by the GRN gene. It has an important role in immunity and inflammatory response, as well as in tissue recovery. Its role in musculoskeletal inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and intervertebral disc degeneration disease (IVDD), is, nowadays, an important target to investigate. The objective of this review is to systematically sum up all the recent findings concerning PGRN as a target in the development and resolution of the inflammatory diseases. PubMed was examined with the terms combinations (Progranulin) AND (Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic), (Progranulin) AND (Arthritis, Rheumatoid), and (Progranulin) AND (Intervertebral Disc Degeneration). PubMed was examined with the terms combinations (Atsttrin) AND (Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic), (Atsttrin) AND (Arthritis, Rheumatoid), and (Atsttrin) AND (Intervertebral Disc Degeneration). Moreover, research through Web of Science was performed searching the same items. The inclusion criteria were: studies whose main topic were progranulin, or atsttrin, with emphasis on the three selected diseases. On the other hand, the exclusion criteria were studies that only focused on diseases not related to RA, lupus or IVDD, in addition to the previous published literature reviews. Since few results were obtained, we did not filter by year. The records assessed for eligibility were 23, including all the studies with the information in state of art of progranulin and its capability to be a potential target or treatment for each one of the selected diseases. As these results are descriptive and not clinical trials, we did not perform risk of bias methods. Within these results, many studies have shown an anti-inflammatory activity of PGRN in RA. PGRN levels in serum and synovial fluids in RA patients were reported higher than controls. On the other hand, serum levels were directly correlated with SLE disease activity index, suggesting an important role of PGRN as a player in the progression of inflammatory diseases and a therapeutical approach for the recovery. This review has some limitations due to the small number of studies in this regard; therefore, we highlight the importance and the necessity of further investigation. No external funding was implicated in this systematical review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Ruiz-Fernández, Clara, González-Rodríguez, María, Abella, Vanessa, Francisco, Vera, Cordero-Barreal, Alfonso, Ait Eldjoudi, Djedjiga, Farrag, Yousof, Pino, Jesús, Conde-Aranda, Javier, González-Gay, Miguel Ángel, Mera, Antonio, Mobasheri, Ali, García-Caballero, Lucía, Gándara-Cortés, Marina, Lago, Francisca, Scotece, Morena, Gualillo, Oreste

المصدر: Laboratory Investigation (00236837); Sep2022, Vol. 102 Issue 9, p989-999, 11p

المؤلفون: Ruiz-Fernández, Clara, Gonzalez-Rodríguez, María, Francisco, Vera, Rajab, Ibraheem M., Gómez, Rodolfo, Conde, Javier, Lago, Francisca, Pino, Jesús, Mobasheri, Ali, Gonzalez-Gay, Miguel Angel, Mera, Antonio, Potempa, Lawrence A., Gualillo, Oreste

المصدر: Laboratory Investigation (00236837); Dec2021, Vol. 101 Issue 12, p1550-1560, 11p

المؤلفون: Francisco, Vera¹ (AUTHOR), Ruiz-Fernández, Clara¹ (AUTHOR), Pino, Jesús¹ (AUTHOR), Mera, Antonio¹ (AUTHOR), González-Gay, Miguel A.¹ (AUTHOR), Gómez, Rodolfo¹ (AUTHOR), Lago, Francisca¹ (AUTHOR), Mobasheri, Ali¹ (AUTHOR), Gualillo, Oreste¹ (AUTHOR) oreste.gualillo@sergas.es

المصدر: Biochemical Pharmacology. Jul2019, Vol. 165, p196-206. 11p.

مستخلص: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of metabolic and cardiovascular complications, including obesity and visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension, which directly increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). Patients with arthritic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, have a higher incidence of CVD. Although recent advances in the treatment of arthritic diseases, the incidence of CVD remains elevated, and MetS has been identified as a possible link between CVD and arthritic diseases. Chronic low-grade inflammation associated with obesity has been established as a significant contributing factor to the increased prevalence of MetS. Adipokines, which play important physiological roles in metabolic activities contributing to the pathogenesis of MetS, are also involved in the regulation of autoimmune and/or inflammatory processes associated with arthritic diseases. Therefore, MetS and dysregulated secretion of pro-inflammatory adipokines have been recognized as a molecular link between CVD and arthritis diseases. In the present paper, we review recent evidence supporting the role played by adipokines, in particular leptin, adiponectin, and lipocalin-2, in the modulation of the immune system, MetS and arthritic diseases. The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are discussed, as well as potential new therapeutic strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: González-Rodríguez, María^1,2 (AUTHOR), Ruiz-Fernández, Clara^1,3 (AUTHOR), Cordero-Barreal, Alfonso^1,4 (AUTHOR), Ait Eldjoudi, Djedjiga¹ (AUTHOR), Pino, Jesus^1,5 (AUTHOR) jesus.pino@usc.es, Farrag, Yousof¹ (AUTHOR) yousof.farrag.zakaria@sergas.es, Gualillo, Oreste¹ (AUTHOR) oreste.gualillo@sergas.es

المصدر: Drug Discovery Today. Nov2022, Vol. 27 Issue 11, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *ADIPOKINES, *MUSCULOSKELETAL system diseases, *PATHOLOGICAL physiology, *ADIPOSE tissues, *METABOLIC syndrome, *THERAPEUTICS, *CARTILAGE cells

مستخلص: • Adipose tissue dysfunction is one of the main factors involved in triggering and perpetuating inflammatory response in musculoskeletal diseases. • Adipokines are proteins and peptides prevalently produced by white adipocytes but also by chondrocytes, synoviocytes and immune cells. • Adipokines are closely related to the metabolic syndrome and degenerative pathological changes in musculoskeletal diseases. • Obesity is undoubtedly-one of the major hazards for the development and progression of musculoskeletal inflammatory disease. • Modulating the effects of adipokines on different cell types will be a promising new option for the pharmacological treatment of musculoskeletal diseases. Adipokines are the principal mediators in adipose signaling. Nevertheless, besides their role in energy storage, these molecules can be produced by other cells, such as immune cells or chondrocytes. Given their pleiotropic effects, research over the past few years has also focused on musculoskeletal diseases, showing that these adipokines might have relevant roles in worsening the disease or improving the treatment response. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of adipokines and their role in the most prevalent musculoskeletal immune and inflammatory disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Ait Eldjoudi, Djedjiga, Cordero Barreal, Alfonso, Gonzalez-Rodríguez, María, Ruiz-Fernández, Clara, Farrag, Yousof, Farrag, Mariam, Lago, Francisca, Capuozzo, Maurizio, Gonzalez-Gay, Miguel Angel, Mera Varela, Antonio, Pino, Jesús, Gualillo, Oreste

المصدر: International Journal of Molecular Sciences; Mar2022, Vol. 23 Issue 5, p2859, 1p

مصطلحات موضوعية: RHEUMATOID arthritis, LEPTIN, WHITE adipose tissue, ADIPOKINES, OSTEOARTHRITIS, LIPID synthesis, HEMATOPOIESIS

مستخلص: White adipose tissue (WAT) is a specialized tissue whose main function is lipid synthesis and triglyceride storage. It is now considered as an active organ secreting a plethora of hormones and cytokines namely adipokines. Discovered in 1994, leptin has emerged as a key molecule with pleiotropic functions. It is primarily recognized for its role in regulating energy homeostasis and food intake. Currently, further evidence suggests its potent role in reproduction, glucose metabolism, hematopoiesis, and interaction with the immune system. It is implicated in both innate and adaptive immunity, and it is reported to contribute, with other adipokines, in the cross-talking networks involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation and immune-related diseases of the musculo-skeletal system such as osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this review, we summarize the most recent findings concerning the involvement of leptin in immunity and inflammatory responses in OA and RA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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