المؤلفون: Nasri, Shohreh¹ (AUTHOR) Nasri@nrisp.ac.ir, Fatemi, Mehdi² (AUTHOR), Nazeri, Najmeh³ (AUTHOR), Ghazinoory, Sepehr² (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Health Research Policy & Systems. 6/13/2024, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p1-13. 13p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *BIOSPHERE, *COVID-19, *COVID-19 pandemic

مستخلص: Background: Facing global grand challenges such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) require the participation of various actors in different sectors and systematically directing their innovative efforts. Considering the complexity, non-linear dynamics, and global extent of the COVID-19 challenge, developing and applying a multi-level, resilient, and systematic innovative framework is vital. Therefore, this study aims to apply the "innovation biosphere" framework inspired by ecological studies for examining and analysing the management dimensions of COVID-19. Methods: In this research, based on a deductive-inductive approach, the case study methodology is used. In accordance with this strategy, the innovation biosphere metaphor is considered as the basic framework (deductive approach) and subsequently the grand challenge of COVID-19 (inductive approach) is analysed at three levels: micro, meso and macro. Results: The research findings verify the correspondence between what happened in the management of COVID-19 and the proposed framework of innovation biosphere. In other words, the findings of the research show that the effect of global cooperation, role-playing and co-evolution of different actors and subsystems in facing the grand challenge of COVID-19 under an ecosystemic and eco-innovation approach has been evident. These events subsequently led to the cessation of the pandemic after about four years. Conclusions: The main policy implications include the role of self-organization, the capability of global value networks, mission orientation, and co-evolution between actors as the contributions of innovation biosphere framework for managing grand health challenges, and global cohesion, oligopoly market, supporting local innovations, the critical role of basic research, and deregulation as the contributions of the COVID-19 case study for enhancing the innovation biosphere metaphor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Alhalabi, Marouf¹ (AUTHOR) e.marouf@hotmail.com, Nasri, Duaa¹ (AUTHOR), Aji, Widad¹ (AUTHOR)

المصدر: Journal of Medical Case Reports. 5/14/2024, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p1-12. 12p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *CROHN'S disease, *PORTAL vein, *LITERATURE reviews, *INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases, *PORTAL hypertension, *ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID syndrome, PORTAL vein diseases

مصطلحات جغرافية: MONTREAL (Quebec)

مستخلص: Introduction: Thrombotic events are more than twice as common in inflammatory bowel disease patients as in the general population. We report an interesting and rare case of portal vein thrombosis as a venous thromboembolic event in the context of extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn's disease. We also conducted a literature review on portal vein thrombosis associated with inflammatory bowel disease, with the following concepts: inflammatory bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, portal vein, and thrombosis. Case presentation: A 24-year-old Syrian female with active chronic Crohn's disease was diagnosed 11 years ago and classified as A1L3B1P according to the Montreal classification. She had no prior surgical history. Her previous medications included azathioprine and prednisolone. Her Crohn's disease activity index was 390 points. Gastroduodenoscopy revealed grade I esophageal varices, a complication of portal hypertension. Meanwhile, a colonoscopy revealed several deep ulcers in the sigmoid, rectum, and descending colon. An investigation of portal vein hypertension revealed portal vein thrombosis. We used corticosteroids to induce remission, followed by tapering; additionally she received ustekinumab to induce and maintain remission. She began on low-molecular-weight heparin for 1 week, warfarin for 3 months, and then apixaban, a novel oral anticoagulant, after excluding antiphospholipid syndrome. Primary prophylaxis for esophageal varices was not required. After 1 year, she achieved clinical, biochemical, and endoscopic remission. Despite 1 year of treatment, a computed tomography scan revealed no improvement in portal vein recanalization. Conclusion: Portal vein thrombosis is a rare and poorly defined complication of inflammatory bowel disease. It is usually exacerbated by inflammatory bowel disease. The symptoms are nonspecific and may mimic a flare-up of inflammatory bowel disease, making the diagnosis difficult. Portal vein Doppler ultrasound for hospital-admitted inflammatory bowel disease patients may contribute to the diagnosis and management of this complication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Muñoz-Cofré, Rodrigo, del Valle, María Fernanda, Marzuca-Nassr, Gabriel Nasri, Valenzuela, Jorge, del Sol, Mariano, Canales, Constanza Díaz, Lizana, Pablo A., Valenzuela-Aedo, Fernando, Lizama-Pérez, Rodrigo, Escobar-Cabello, Máximo

المصدر: BMC Geriatrics; 4/4/2024, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p1-7, 7p

مصطلحات موضوعية: VITAL capacity (Respiration), OLDER people, AEROBIC capacity, MUSCLE strength, ARTIFICIAL respiration, ANAEROBIC capacity, RESPIRATORY muscles

مستخلص: Background: It is internationally known that our population is aging. At the same time, some patients with COVID-19, due to their symptoms, required mechanical ventilation (MV) and subsequent pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). This study aimed to compare the effects of a multimodal PR program "ADULT" versus "OLDER" people with COVID-19 who were on MV. Methods: The intervention consisted of an 8-week hybrid PR program (2x week). Forced vital capacity (FVC) was measured at the beginning and end of PR, upper and lower limb strength was obtained through hand grip strength (HGS) and the sit-to-stand test (STST), respectively, and functional exercise capacity was measured with the 6-minute walking test (6MWT). Results: The main results were an increase in the FVC in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.27), an increase in HGS in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.52), in the same way, the number of repetitions on the STST increased in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.55). Finally, the distance covered on the 6MWT increased in the ADULT and OLDER groups (time effect, P = 0.000; η2 = 0.65). Conclusions: The PR program is an effective strategy to improve FVC, muscle strength, and functional exercise capacity similarly in adults and older people with post severe COVID-19 who required MV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Alotti, Nasri¹ (AUTHOR), Osvath, Peter² (AUTHOR), Tenyi, Tamas² (AUTHOR), Voros, Viktor² (AUTHOR) voros.viktor@pte.hu

المصدر: BMC Psychiatry. 3/20/2024, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p1-9. 9p.

مصطلحات موضوعية: *INTERNET fraud, *MILD cognitive impairment, *DELUSIONS, *LIFE change events, *PATHOLOGICAL psychology

مستخلص: Background: Although the impact of internet usage on mental health is extensively documented, there is a notable scarcity of reports in the literature concerning internet-induced erotomania. Erotomania is a rare and likely underdiagnosed delusional disorder. It is characterized by an irrational belief held by the affected persons that someone of higher socioeconomic status harbor romantic feelings toward them. Here, we describe the psychopathology of erotomanic delusion induced by online romantic fraud in a female patient. Employing this case as a focal point, we illuminate novel aspects of erotomania that warrant attention and examination. Case presentation: We present a compelling case involving a 70-year-old married Caucasian woman diagnosed with medically controlled persistent depressive disorder for several years. The intricacies of her condition became evident as she became deeply engrossed in online profiles featuring the image of a renowned musician, inadvertently falling victim to an online romantic fraud. Subsequently, this distressing experience triggered the emergence of erotomanic delusions and a suicide attempt. The patient's history reveals an array of medical conditions and stressful life events, contributing to her vulnerability. The diagnosis of erotomanic delusional disorder, dysthymia, and mild cognitive impairment with cerebral vascular background was established. Treatment involved her previous antidepressant with low-dose risperidone, alongside supportive individual and group therapy. Her delusion showed remission four weeks later, prompting her discharge for outpatient follow-up. Although she retained some false beliefs, the intensity of the symptoms had notably diminished and her functionality improved. Conclusion: This case underscores the complex interplay between mental health, online activities, and the consequences of delusions, including suicidal thoughts, shedding light on the need for a comprehensive approach in addressing such challenging psychiatric scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

المؤلفون: Gabet, Stephan, Thierry, Benoit, Wasfi, Rania, Simonelli, Guido, Hudon, Catherine, Lessard, Lily, Dubé, Ève, Nasri, Bouchra, Kestens, Yan, Moullec, Grégory

المصدر: BMC Public Health; 12/2/2023, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p1-20, 20p

مصطلحات موضوعية: WELL-being, COVID-19 pandemic, MENTAL health, LONELINESS, HEALTH equity, COVID-19

مصطلحات جغرافية: QUEBEC (Quebec), ONTARIO

مستخلص: Background: With the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person social interactions and opportunities for accessing resources that sustain health and well-being have drastically reduced. We therefore designed the pan-Canadian prospective COVID-19: HEalth and Social Inequities across Neighbourhoods (COHESION) cohort to provide a deeper understanding of how the COVID-19 pandemic context affects mental health and well-being, key determinants of health, and health inequities. Methods: This paper presents the design of the two-phase COHESION Study, and descriptive results from the first phase conducted between May 2020 and September 2021. During that period, the COHESION research platform collected monthly data linked to COVID-19 such as infection and vaccination status, perceptions and attitudes regarding pandemic-related measures, and information on participants' physical and mental health, well-being, sleep, loneliness, resilience, substances use, living conditions, social interactions, activities, and mobility. Results: The 1,268 people enrolled in the Phase 1 COHESION Study are for the most part from Ontario (47%) and Quebec (33%), aged 48 ± 16 years [mean ± standard deviation (SD)], and mainly women (78%), White (85%), with a university degree (63%), and living in large urban centers (70%). According to the 298 ± 68 (mean ± SD) prospective questionnaires completed each month on average, the first year of follow-up reveals significant temporal variations in standardized indexes of well-being, loneliness, anxiety, depression, and psychological distress. Conclusions: The COHESION Study will allow identifying trajectories of mental health and well-being while investigating their determinants and how these may vary by subgroup, over time, and across different provinces in Canada, in varying context including the pandemic recovery period. Our findings will contribute valuable insights to the urban health field and inform future public health interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Boligarla, Srikanth, Laison, Elda Kokoè Elolo, Li, Jiaxin, Mahadevan, Raja, Ng, Austen, Lin, Yangming, Thioub, Mamadou Yamar, Huang, Bruce, Ibrahim, Mohamed Hamza, Nasri, Bouchra

المصدر: BMC Medical Informatics & Decision Making; 10/16/2023, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p1-12, 12p

مصطلحات موضوعية: DISEASE incidence, MACHINE learning, VECTOR-borne diseases, REPORTING of diseases, LYME disease, COMMUNICABLE diseases, SOCIAL media

مصطلحات جغرافية: UNITED States

الشركة/الكيان: X Corp.

مستخلص: Background: Lyme disease is one of the most commonly reported infectious diseases in the United States (US), accounting for more than 90 % of all vector-borne diseases in North America. Objective: In this paper, self-reported tweets on Twitter were analyzed in order to predict potential Lyme disease cases and accurately assess incidence rates in the US. Methods: The study was done in three stages: (1) Approximately 1.3 million tweets were collected and pre-processed to extract the most relevant Lyme disease tweets with geolocations. A subset of tweets were semi-automatically labelled as relevant or irrelevant to Lyme disease using a set of precise keywords, and the remaining portion were manually labelled, yielding a curated labelled dataset of 77, 500 tweets. (2) This labelled data set was used to train, validate, and test various combinations of NLP word embedding methods and prominent ML classification models, such as TF-IDF and logistic regression, Word2vec and XGboost, and BERTweet, among others, to identify potential Lyme disease tweets. (3) Lastly, the presence of spatio-temporal patterns in the US over a 10-year period were studied. Results: Preliminary results showed that BERTweet outperformed all tested NLP classifiers for identifying Lyme disease tweets, achieving the highest classification accuracy and F1-score of 90 % . There was also a consistent pattern indicating that the West and Northeast regions of the US had a higher tweet rate over time. Conclusions: We focused on the less-studied problem of using Twitter data as a surveillance tool for Lyme disease in the US. Several crucial findings have emerged from the study. First, there is a fairly strong correlation between classified tweet counts and Lyme disease counts, with both following similar trends. Second, in 2015 and early 2016, the social media network like Twitter was essential in raising popular awareness of Lyme disease. Third, counties with a high incidence rate were not necessarily related with a high tweet rate, and vice versa. Fourth, BERTweet can be used as a reliable NLP classifier for detecting relevant Lyme disease tweets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: El-Obeid, Adila, Maashi, Yahya, AlRoshody, Rehab, Alatar, Ghada, Aljudayi, Modhi, Al-Eidi, Hamad, AlGaith, Nouf, Khan, Altaf Husain, Hassib, Adil, Matou-Nasri, Sabine

المصدر: BMC Complementary Medicine & Therapies; 9/1/2023, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p1-12, 12p, 5 Graphs

مصطلحات موضوعية: INTERLEUKINS, STOMACH tumors, REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES, IN vitro studies, STATISTICS, MELANINS, DINOPROSTONE, ANIMAL experimentation, WESTERN immunoblotting, ONE-way analysis of variance, CELL receptors, RNA, CELLULAR signal transduction, RATS, GENE expression, GLYCOPROTEINS, ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, MESSENGER RNA, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, OXIDOREDUCTASES, TUMOR markers, PLANT extracts, EPITHELIAL cells, DATA analysis software, DATA analysis, GASTRIC mucosa, CYTOPLASM

مستخلص: We reported a gastric anti-ulcerogenic effect of the Nigella sativa (L.)-derived herbal melanin (HM) using rat models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this HM gastroprotective effect remain unknown. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-catalyzed prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated interleukin-6 (IL-6) production and secretion play major roles in gastric mucosal protection. In the current study, the human gastric carcinoma epithelial cell line AGS was used as a model to investigate the effect of HM on TLR4, COX-2, glycoprotein mucin 4 protein and gene expression using immuno-cyto-fluorescence staining, Western blot technology, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Gastroprotective markers PGE2 and IL-6 production and secretion were also assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), well-known inducers of TLR4, COX-2, PGE2 and IL-6 expression, were used as a positive control. We showed that HM upregulated its main receptor TLR4 gene and protein expression in AGS cells. HM increased, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, the secretion of PGE2 and the expression of COX-2 mRNA and protein, which was detected in the nucleus, cytoplasm and predominantly at the intercellular junctions of the AGS cells. In addition, HM enhanced IL-6 production and secretion, and upregulated the mucin 4 gene expression, the hallmarks of gastroprotection. To check whether HM-induced PGE2 and IL-6 through TLR4 signaling and COX-2 generated, AGS cells were pre-treated with a TLR4 signaling inhibitor TAK242 and the COX-2 inhibitor NS-398. A loss of the stimulatory effects of HM on COX-2, PGE2 and IL-6 production and secretion was observed in TAK242 and NS-398-pre-treated AGS cells, confirming the role of TLR4 signaling and COX-2 generated in the HM gastroprotective effects. In conclusion, our results showed that HM enhances TLR4/COX-2-mediated secretion of gastroprotective markers PGE2 and IL-6, and upregulates mucin 4 gene expression in the human gastric epithelial cell line AGS, which may contribute to the promising beneficial gastroprotective effect of HM for human gastric prevention and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Nouri, Hosein, Nasri, Reza, Abtahi, Seyed-Hossein

المصدر: International Journal of Retina & Vitreous; 8/29/2023, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p1-9, 9p

مصطلحات موضوعية: OPTICAL coherence tomography, MACHINE learning, GENERATIVE adversarial networks, TECHNICAL specifications, ANGIOGRAPHY, RETINAL imaging

مستخلص: Background: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is an innovative technology providing visual and quantitative data on retinal microvasculature in a non-invasive manner. Main body: Due to variations in the technical specifications of different OCTA devices, there are significant inter-device differences in OCTA data, which can limit their comparability and generalizability. These variations can also result in a domain shift problem that may interfere with applicability of machine learning models on data obtained from different OCTA machines. One possible approach to address this issue may be unsupervised deep image-to-image translation leveraging systems such as Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks (Cycle-GANs) and Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs). Through training on unpaired images from different device domains, Cycle-GANs and DDPMs may enable cross-domain translation of images. They have been successfully applied in various medical imaging tasks, including segmentation, denoising, and cross-modality image-to-image translation. In this commentary, we briefly describe how Cycle-GANs and DDPMs operate, and review the recent experiments with these models on medical and ocular imaging data. We then discuss the benefits of applying such techniques for inter-device translation of OCTA data and the potential challenges ahead. Conclusion: Retinal imaging technologies and deep learning-based domain adaptation techniques are rapidly evolving. We suggest exploring the potential of image-to-image translation methods in improving the comparability of OCTA data from different centers or devices. This may facilitate more efficient analysis of heterogeneous data and broader applicability of machine learning models trained on limited datasets in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Moghaddam, Abbasali, Larijani, Hamid Reza, Oveysi, Meysam, Moghaddam, Hamid Reza Tohidi, Nasri, Mohammad

المصدر: BMC Plant Biology; 3/29/2023, Vol. 23 Issue 1, p1-12, 12p

مصطلحات موضوعية: POTASSIUM nitrate, SODIUM nitroferricyanide, OILSEED plants, SALINITY, HALOPHYTES, OILSEEDS, SEED yield

مستخلص: Background: Glasswort (Salicornia persica) is identified as a halophyte plant, which is one of the most tolerant plants to salt conditions. The seed oil of the plant contains about 33% oil. In the present study, the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mM) and potassium nitrate (KNO3; 0, 0.5, and 1%) were evaluated on several characteristics of glasswort under salinity stress (0, 10, 20, and 40 dS/m). Results: morphological features, phenological traits, and yield parameters such as plant height, number of days to flowering, seed oil, biological yield, and seed yield significantly decreased in response to severe salt stress. However, the plants needed an optimal salinity concentration (20 dS/m NaCl) to obtain high amounts of seed oil and seed yield. The results also showed that a high level of salinity (40 dS/m NaCl) caused a decrease in plant oil and yield. In addition, by increasing the exogenous application of SNP and KNO3, the seed oil and seed yield increased. Conclusions: The application of SNP and KNO3 were effective in protecting S. persica plants from the deleterious effects of severe salt stress (40 dS/m NaCl), thereby restoring the activity of antioxidant enzymes, increasing the proline content, and maintaining cell membrane stability. It seems that both factors, i.e. SNP and KNO3, can be applied as mitigators of salt stress in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Joyce, Melinda C., Mountjoy, Natalie J., Johnson, Julia A., Newman, John T., Bandy, David L., Atalla, Nasri A., Singh, Aniruddha, McElroy, Doug

المصدر: BMC Public Health; 12/14/2022, Vol. 22 Issue 1, p1-15, 15p, 5 Charts, 2 Graphs

مصطلحات موضوعية: VACCINATION complications, BOOSTER vaccines, COVID-19 vaccines, COMMUNITIES, VACCINE hesitancy

مصطلحات جغرافية: KENTUCKY

مستخلص: Background: The rapid authorization and widespread rollout of COVID-19 vaccines in the United States demonstrated a need for additional data on vaccine side effects, both to provide insight into the range and severity of side effects that might be expected in medically-diverse populations as well as to inform decision-making and combat vaccine hesitancy going forward. Here we report the results of a survey of 4825 individuals from southcentral Kentucky who received two doses of either the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) or Moderna (mRNA-1273) vaccine between December 14, 2020 and May 1, 2021. As new versions of the vaccine are rolled-out, local initiatives such as this may offer a means to combat vaccine hesitancy in reference to COVID-19, but are also important as we face new viral threats that will necessitate a rapid vaccine rollout, and to combat a growing public distrust of vaccines in general. Methods: Individuals that received two doses of either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 between December 14, 2020 and May 1, 2021 were sent a survey, created by the research team. Respondents were asked to rate the incidence and severity of 15 potential side effects and two related outcomes following each of their two doses of the vaccine. All statistical analyses were carried out using SYSTAT, version 13. The data were analyzed utilizing a range of statistical tests, including chi-square tests of association, Cohen's h, Kruskal-Wallis test one-way nonparametric ANOVA, least-squares regression, and Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. Significance was assessed using Bonferroni-adjusted criteria within families of tests. Results: In general, the pattern and severity in side effects was similar to both clinical trial data as well as other published studies. Responses to the mRNA-1273 vaccine were more severe than to BNT162b2, though all were generally in the mild to moderate category. Individuals who reported having previously tested positive for COVID-19 reported stronger responses following the first dose of either vaccine relative to COVID-naïve individuals. The reported severity to the COVID-19 vaccine was positively correlated with self-reported responses to other vaccines. Conclusions: Our findings allow broad-scale estimates of the nature and severity of reactions one might expect following vaccination within a clinically-diverse community, and provide a context for addressing vaccine hesitancy in communities such as ours, where locally-generated data and communication may be more influential than national trends and statistics in convincing individuals to become vaccinated. Further, we argue this community-based approach could be important in the future in three key ways: 1) as new boosters and modified vaccines re-volatilize vaccine hesitancy, 2) as new vaccines receive similar testing and rapid authorization, and 3) to combat vaccine hesitancy in other arenas (e.g., annual vaccines, childhood vaccines). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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