Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters in Hair as Markers of Alcohol Consumption. Segmental Hair Analysis of Alcoholics, Social Drinkers, and Teetotalers
| العنوان: | Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters in Hair as Markers of Alcohol Consumption. Segmental Hair Analysis of Alcoholics, Social Drinkers, and Teetotalers |
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| المؤلفون: | Volker Auwärter, Hannelore Vater, Fritz Pragst, Albert Diefenbacher, Frank Sporkert, Sven Hartwig |
| المصدر: | Clinical Chemistry. 47:2114-2123 |
| بيانات النشر: | Oxford University Press (OUP), 2001. |
| سنة النشر: | 2001 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Alcohol Drinking, Clinical Biochemistry, Oleic Acids, Palmitic Acids, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Stearates, Humans, Ethyl oleate, Ethanol metabolism, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ethanol, Chromatography, Myristates, Dimethyl sulfoxide, Fatty Acids, Biochemistry (medical), Hair analysis, Fatty acid, Substance Abuse Detection, Alcoholism, chemistry, Ethyl palmitate, Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, Alcoholic Intoxication, Biomarkers, Hair |
| الوصف: | Background: Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) are products of nonoxidative ethanol metabolism. After incorporation in hair, they should be suitable long-term markers of alcohol abuse. Methods: Hair samples from 19 alcoholics in a treatment program, 10 fatalities with verified excessive alcohol consumption, 13 moderate social drinkers who consumed up to 20 g ethanol/day, and 5 strict teetotalers were analyzed in 1–12 segments for four FAEEs (ethyl myristate, ethyl palmitate, ethyl oleate, and ethyl stearate) by external degreasing with n-heptane, extraction with a dimethyl sulfoxide-n-heptane mixture, headspace solid-phase microextraction of the extracts, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with deuterated internal standards. The n-heptane washings were analyzed in the same way for FAEEs from the hair surface. Results: The sum of the four ester concentrations in hair calculated for the proximal 0–6 cm segment was 2.5–13.5 ng/mg (mean, 6.8 ng/mg) for the fatalities, 0.92–11.6 ng/mg (mean, 4.0 ng/mg) for 17 of the alcoholics in treatment, 0.20–0.85 ng/mg (mean, 0.41 ng/mg) for the moderate social drinkers, and 0.06–0.37 ng/mg (mean, 0.16 ng/mg) for the teetotalers. In almost all cases the segmental concentrations increased from proximal to distal. There was no agreement between the self-reported drinking histories of the participants and the FAEE concentrations along the hair length. Ethyl oleate was the dominant ester in all samples. Conclusions: FAEEs are deposited in hair mainly from sebum. Despite large individual differences, FAEE hair concentrations can be used as markers for excessive alcohol consumption with relatively high accuracy. |
| تدمد: | 1530-8561 0009-9147 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::712e3b5f9d7a2ffd5cee2bbfdb891c89Test https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/47.12.2114Test |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....712e3b5f9d7a2ffd5cee2bbfdb891c89 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 15308561 00099147 |
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