المؤلفون: Hai-bo JIANG, Hong-xu LI, Ming-xin ZHAO, Xin-lan MEI, Ya-long KANG, Cai-xia DONG, Yangchun XU

المصدر: Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Vol 19, Iss 5, Pp 1340-1353 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: fertilization time, N distribution, N storage, N remobilization, Pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd cv. Huangguan), Agriculture (General), S1-972

الوصف: In order to improve the management of nitrogen (N) fertilization in pear orchards, we investigated the effects of application timing on the distribution, storage, and remobilization of N in mature pear trees in a field experiment at Jingtai County, Gansu Province, China. Nine trees were selected for the experiment and each received equal aliquots of 83.33 g N in the autumn, spring, and summer, with 15N-labeled (NH4)2SO4 used in one of the aliquots each season. Results showed that the (15N H4)2SO4 applied in the autumn remained in the soil during the winter. In the following spring this N was absorbed and rapidly remobilized into each organ, especially new organs (leaves, fruit and new shoots). The 15N supplied in spring was rapidly transported to developing fruit between the young fruit and fruit enlargement stages. 15N from the summer application of fertilizer was mainly stored in the coarse roots over the winter, then was mobilized to support growth of new organs in spring. In conclusion, for pear trees we recommend that the autumn application of N-fertilizer be soon after fruit harvest in order to increase N stores in fine roots. Spring application should be between full bloom and the young fruit stages to meet the high N demands of developing fruit. Summer application of fertilizer at the fruit enlargement stage does not contemporaneously affect the growth of pears, but increases the N stored in coarse roots, and in turn the amount available for remobilization in spring.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311919627589Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2095-3119Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/50eef7ef9d0a4a898d2fdcedd12a59f8Test

المؤلفون: Anderson Cesar Ramos Marques, Leandro Bittencourt de Oliveira, Gustavo Brunetto, Miriam da Silva Tavares, Fernando Luiz Ferreira de Quadros, Fernando Teixeira Nicoloso

المصدر: Revista Ceres, Vol 67, Iss 1, Pp 62-69 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: leaf attributes, phosphate fertilization, relative growth rate, remobilization of P., Agriculture (General), S1-972, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65

الوصف: ABSTRACT South American natural grasslands are composed of several species with different growth strategies, with variations in specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), specific root length (SRL) and specific root area (SRA). The objective of this study was characterizing in grasses cultivated with different levels of phosphorus (P) in the soil if species with higher leaf and root area production per unit of dry matter have higher tissue P concentration, P use efficiency and higher dry matter yield. The plant species were grown in a greenhouse in pots with 5 kg of soil in a completely randomized design with four replicates and two conditions of P availability: addition of 60 mg kg-1 soil and without addition of P. The species with the highest SRA had a higher leaf and root P concentration. The higher production of leaf or root surface area per unit of dry matter did not represent higher tissue P use efficiency. The group formed by species of genre Paspalum had a higher leaf and root P use efficiency, therefore, areas composed of this genre are preferred for P fertilization.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-737X2020000100062&tlng=enTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2177-3491Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/050b01da2c474f4f83fbc46ee0454678Test

المؤلفون: Razieh Sarabadani Tafresh, Zahra-Sadat Shobbar, Maryam Shahbazi

المصدر: Zīst/shināsī-i Giyāhī-i Īrān, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 37-56 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: barley, carbon remobilization, fructan, soluble carbohydrates, terminal drought stress, Plant culture, SB1-1110, Biology (General), QH301-705.5

الوصف: In arid and semiarid regions such as Iran with terminal drought, crops may depend more on stem soluble carbohydrates reserves for grain filling than the current photosynthesis. To investigate the effects of terminal drought on grain yield, carbohydrate accumulation and remobilization in tolerant (Yousef) and sensitive (Moroco) barley genotypes, the experiment was conducted in green house condition in randomized complete block design with three replications. Peduncle, penultimate and lower internode samples were collected from well-watered and drought-stressed plants at 7-days intervals after anthesis (in six stages). Based on the obtained results, the highest level of water soluble carbohydrate accumulation and remobilization was located in the penultimate. Maximum of total carbohydrate concentration and remobilization was less in Moroco compared to Yousef internodes under both drought and well-watered conditions. Water deficit significantly increased the total soluble carbohydrates remobilization from internodes of Yousef plants but these prominent differences were not found in the internodes of Moroco plants. Fructan and sucrose were the main sugars in the penultimate of the two cultivars. Evaluation of carbohydrate components in the penultimates showed that maximum concentration of fructan, sucrose, glucose and fructose in yousef was higher than morocco plants under both drought and well-watered conditions. Accumulation and remobilization of fructan increased in Yousef plants under terminal drought stress but not in Moroco. The results suggest that the higher induction of stem reserve production and remobilization in Yousef genotype during drought stress may play an important role in its yield production during grain filling period.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://ijpb.ui.ac.ir/article_24471_f75299ac22190ddd5280ce287aba86c3.pdfTest; https://doaj.org/toc/2008-8264Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2322-2204Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/dd73a7f2c1334c78bde54cf594d8f47cTest

المؤلفون: N. V. Zaimenko, N. V. Skrypchenko, B. O. Ivanytska, D. O. Klymchuk, N. S. Novychenko, D. Liu

المصدر: Biosystems Diversity, Vol 28, Iss 1, Pp 113-118 (2020)

مصطلحات موضوعية: fruit vines, climatic edaphic factor, assimilates, mineral nutrients, remobilization., Science

الوصف: The patterns of the distribution of nutrients in kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq.), family Actinidiaceae (Gilg & Werderm), leaves growing under different soil and climatic conditions (Ukraine and China) were studied. Using scanning electron microscopy, significant differences were shown in the distribution of assimilates and mineral nutrients in the leaves of kiwiberry cultivated under different climate and soil conditions (Kyiv city, Ukraine and Jiamusi, China). The leaves of plants grown in China have higher concentration of all of the studied nutrients exception for silicon. The differences found in the content of macro- and microelements in plant tissues are consistent with their total content in the soil, and depend on the synthesis of low molecular weight organic compounds, namely, hydroxybenzoic, benzoic and triterpene acids. An increase in the silicon content in the leaves of kiwiberry plants grown in Ukraine indicates the moisture deficit in the soil. This conclusion is confirmed by the anatomical differences viz. the presence of additional integumentary formations and fewer stomata number per 1 mm2 of leaf surface. The specific feature of ‘Perlyna sadu’ cultivar was high concentrations of sodium and aluminum in the foliar tissues, regardless of the place of growth. The analysis of the distribution of nutrients in the leaves located along the stem showed remobilization of the former within the three layers: the lower one nourishes the roots, the upper one nourishes the leaves in the active growth phase and the middle one allocates the assimilates in both directions. A significant positive relationship was found between the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments and electrophysiological activity, especially for the leaves of the lower zone. The revealed differentiation into layers differing in polarity of bioelectric potentials and the distribution of assimilates suggests functional differentiation of the kiwiberry leaves. In particular, the leaves of the lower layer perform a storage function. The middle part is less conservative and characterized by higher sensitivity to environmental factors performs a mainly synthetic function. The upper layer performs an active growth function. The results of the comparative analysis of the indicators of the number of chloroplasts in the mesophyll cells proved that the obtained dependence can be used as a diagnostic criterion in assessing the predicted plant productivity at the early stages of their development.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://ecology.dp.ua/index.php/ECO/article/view/1032Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2519-8513Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2520-2529Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/1adde0a745cc4eea9152bf52a8d22df0Test

المؤلفون: Olobayo, Oluwatobi Anastasia

المساهمون: Huuse, Mads, Taylor, Kevin

مصطلحات موضوعية: 551.44, Remobilization, Injection, Northern North Sea, Nigeria Transform Margin

الوصف: Soft-sediment remobilization and fluid flow processes and their products such as sand injectites, mud volcanoes, pipes, pockmarks and authigenic carbonates constitute a key, but under-appreciated component of sedimentary basins. The structures are evidence of and provide focused fluid pathways bypassing the stratigraphic and structural framework and thus have numerous implications for hydrocarbon exploration and production by influencing sediment and fluid distributions. Recent advances in subsurface imaging using high-resolution 3D seismic data, integrated with well data, geochemical data and outcrop data have greatly improved the understanding of subsurface sediment remobilization and fluid flow processes in sedimentary basins. This study presents substantial new results from the description, analysis and interpretation of products of subsurface remobilization processes and fluid flow based on all available data from the Northern North Sea and the Nigeria Transform Margin. The studied intervals, which encompass the entire Cenozoic and Cretaceous succession, have undergone repeated, large-scale remobilization and deformation of sediments through time. The North Sea is the archetype Giant Injected Sand Province (GISP) with kilometre-scale sandstone intrusions observed within multiple stratigraphic intervals, but this is the first time the northern North Sea has been systematically studied on a regional scale. Seismic-scale sandstone intrusions are well documented along the Atlantic Margin from the South Viking Graben, Outer Moray Firth, Norwegian-Danish Basin, Faroe-Shetland Basin and Barent Sea but primarily emplaced during one or two episodes. Results from the NNS show evidence for five major episodes of emplacement. These sandstones, believed to be sourced from different stratigraphic levels, have intruded thick polygonally-faulted, diatomaceous and smectite-rich mudstones; probably facilitated by hydrocarbons and diagenetically-released water in spatio-temporally varying proportions. The Cenozoic section of the Nigeria Transform Margin comprises up to 2 km of sediments, including recurrent mass transport deposits ranging between a few to tens of kilometres in length and constituting up to 25 % of the stratigraphic section. A series of fluid flow features such as pockmarks, pipes, bottom simulating reflections, polygonal faults and mound have been interpreted on the seabed and in the overburden; all of which provide evidence of focused fluid movement in the subsurface becoming more abundant towards the Niger Delta. Our study provides details on the geometries, scale, spatial distribution, potential causative mechanisms and implications of these soft-sediment remobilized and fluid flow products; as well as their relationships with other depositional and structural elements within the basin. It also reveals the extent by which sedimentary basins can be affected by these processes and therefore be incorporated into present stratigraphic frameworks and improve reservoir models.

الوصول الحر: https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.654798Test

المؤلفون: Andrade, Pedro José de Oliveira

مصطلحات موضوعية: Urban tourism, COVID-19 pandemic, Viral society/tourism, Remobilization of tourism, Sociological touring guides, Turismo urbano, Pandemia do COVID-19, Sociedade/turismo virais, Remobilização do turismo, Guias sociológicos de turismo, COVID-19, Ciências Sociais::Sociologia, Cidades e comunidades sustentáveis

الوصف: This article presents part of a sociological, historical and anthropologic project and program, intended to develop a strategy of knowledge dissemination through social storytelling. Such social narratives are being constructed based on real social stories and facts. These real processes were studied through research pursued in the last decades, on the problematics of urban cultures and tourism, related with the arts and media, in particular within some cities of Portugal (e.g. Lisbon, Coimbra, Braga). Thus, the present text aims to raise questions in order to construct real social stories founded on the following issues: 1. Urban processes and places and their public cultures, e.g. social drinking practices. 2. Activities and agents of urban tourism. 3. Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on society and on urban tourism. This last process implies the analysis of the eventual emergence of a viral society and of a viral tourism, and the consequent remobilization of tourism and viral tourists. Within such problematic context, the present text establishes a debate for a Sociology of Urban Tourism founded on an Open Research. Such perspective simultaneously includes theoretical reflections and empirical studies, traditional and digital methodologies, national and international teams, in short intercultural and transcultural research cultures. For such aims, concretely a theoretical/practical debate is pursued on the following matters and means: Project: for an intelligent urban tourism and social touring. Tools: social and Sociological Tours Guides for a Sociological History and a Historical Sociology of touristic cities. Media: App Paper as a prototype of an app hybridized with an e-book, which can be used to present papers at congresses, for constructing Sociological Touring Guides, etc. Method: why and how to use a Sociological Guide in the form of an App Paper or as other apps and e-books. Contents for Sociological Guides, to be used by inhabitants/citizens, strollers/tourists and strangers/migrants. RESUMO Este artigo ...

وصف الملف: application/pdf

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00736%2F2020/PT; http://architecturemps.com/proceedingsTest/; Andrade, P. (2021). Viral urban tourism within viral society: Sociological touring guides using apps and e-Books. In H. Griffin (Ed.), AMPS proceedings series 20.1, University of Kent , AMPS, Canterbury: 29-30 June, 2020 International Conference Connections: Exploring Heritage, Architecture, Cities, Art, Media (pp.125-134). University of Kent.; https://hdl.handle.net/1822/74116Test

الإتاحة: https://hdl.handle.net/1822/74116Test

المؤلفون: White, Philip, J, Bell, Michael, J, Djalovic, Ivica, Hinsinger, Philippe, Rengel, Zed

المساهمون: The James Hutton Institute, The University of Queensland (UQ All campuses : Brisbane, Dutton Park Gatton, Herston, St Lucia and other locations ), Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops Novi Sad, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), The University of Western Australia (UWA), Murrell T.S., Mikkelsen R.L., Sulewski G., Norton R., Thompson M.L.

المصدر: Improving Potassium Recommendations for Agricultural Crops ; https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03251295Test ; Murrell T.S.; Mikkelsen R.L.; Sulewski G.; Norton R.; Thompson M.L. Improving Potassium Recommendations for Agricultural Crops, Springer International Publishing, pp.119-145, 2021, 978-3-030-59196-0. ⟨10.1007/978-3-030-59197-7_5⟩

مصطلحات موضوعية: Potassium uptake, Potassium remobilization, Root function, Interspecific variation, Intraspecific variation, Root exudates, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology

الوصف: International audience ; There are many terms used to define aspects of potassium (K) use efficiency of plants. The terms used most frequently in an agricultural context are (1) agronomic K use efficiency (KUE), which is defined as yield per unit K available to a crop and is numerically equal to the product of (2) the K uptake efficiency (KUpE) of the crop, which is defined as crop K content per unit K available and (3) its K utilization efficiency (KUtE), which is defined as yield per unit crop K content. There is considerable genetic variation between and within plant species in KUE, KUpE, and KUtE. Root systems of genotypes with greatest KUpE often have an ability (1) to exploit the soil volume effectively, (2) to manipulate the rhizosphere to release nonexchangeable K from soil, and (3) to take up K at low rhizosphere K concentrations. Genotypes with greatest KUtE have the ability (1) to redistribute K from older to younger tissues to maintain growth and photosynthesis and (2) to reduce vacuolar K concentration, while maintaining an appropriate K concentration in metabolically active subcellular compartments, either by anatomical adaptation or by greater substitution of K with other solutes in the vacuole. Genetic variation in traits related to KUpE and KUtE might be exploited in breeding crop genotypes that require less K fertilizer. This could reduce fertilizer costs, protect the environment, and slow the exhaustion of nonrenewable resources.

العلاقة: hal-03251295; https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03251295Test; https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03251295/documentTest; https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03251295/file/White-chaper5-2021-CC-BY.pdfTest

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59197-7_5Test
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03251295Test
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03251295/documentTest
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03251295/file/White-chaper5-2021-CC-BY.pdfTest

المؤلفون: Sophie Jasinski, Isabelle Fabrissin, Amandine Masson, Anne Marmagne, Alain Lécureuil, Laurence Bill, Fabien Chardon

مصطلحات موضوعية: Botany, Plant Biology, Plant Systematics and Taxonomy, Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology, Plant Pathology, Plant Physiology, Plant Biology not elsewhere classified, aging, nitrogen remobilization, nitrogen uptake, seed filling, Arabidopsis thaliana, quantitative trait loci, natural variation

الوصف: As the last step of leaf development, senescence is a molecular process involving cell death mechanism. Leaf senescence is trigged by both internal age-dependent factors and environmental stresses. It must be tightly regulated for the plant to adopt a proper response to environmental variation and to allow the plant to recycle nutrients stored in senescing organs. However, little is known about factors that regulate both nutrients fluxes and plant senescence. Taking advantage of variation for natural leaf senescence between Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, Col-0 and Ct-1, we did a fine mapping of a quantitative trait loci for leaf senescence and identified ACCELERATED CELL DEATH 6 (ACD6) as the causal gene. Using two near-isogeneic lines, differing solely around the ACD6 locus, we showed that ACD6 regulates rosette growth, leaf chlorophyll content, as well as leaf nitrogen and carbon percentages. To unravel the role of ACD6 in N remobilization, the two isogenic lines and acd6 mutant were grown and labeled with 15 N at the vegetative stage in order to determine 15 N partitioning between plant organs at harvest. Results showed that N remobilization efficiency was significantly lower in all the genotypes with lower ACD6 activity irrespective of plant growth and productivity. Measurement of N uptake at vegetative and reproductive stages revealed that ACD6 did not modify N uptake efficiency but enhanced nitrogen translocation from root to silique. In this study, we have evidenced a new role of ACD6 in regulating both sequential and monocarpic senescences and disrupting the balance between N remobilization and N uptake that is required for a good seed filling.

العلاقة: https://figshare.com/articles/presentation/Presentation_1_ACCELERATED_CELL_DEATH_6_Acts_on_Natural_Leaf_Senescence_and_Nitrogen_Fluxes_in_Arabidopsis_pdf/13531214Test

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.611170.s001Test
https://figshare.com/articles/presentation/Presentation_1_ACCELERATED_CELL_DEATH_6_Acts_on_Natural_Leaf_Senescence_and_Nitrogen_Fluxes_in_Arabidopsis_pdf/13531214Test

المؤلفون: Li-li ZHANG, Xiang-li ZHOU, Ye FAN, Jun FU, Peng HOU, Hai-long YANG, Hua QI

المصدر: Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Vol 18, Iss 8, Pp 1882-1892 (2019)

مصطلحات موضوعية: maize, N remobilization, post-silking N uptake, stay green, plant density, Agriculture (General), S1-972

الوصف: Stay green (SG) maize was found to have higher grain yield and post-silking nitrogen (N) uptake (PostN) compared with a non-stay green (NSG) hybrid. To understand the effects of plant density on grain yield (GY) and N efficiency in modern maize hybrids, we compared two modern hybrids (SG hybrid DY508 and NSG hybrid NH101) with similar maturity ratings at three plant densities (45000, 60000, and 75000 pl ha−1) in 2014 and 2015. GY, leaf senescence, dry matter (DM) accumulation, N accumulation, PostN, and post-silking N remobilization (RemN) were analyzed. DY508 and NH101 had similar GY, but DY508 had higher thousand kernel weight (TKW) and lower kernel number (KN) than NH101. Plant density significantly increased GY in the two hybrids. On average, over the two years, plant density improved GY in DY508 and NH101 by 18.5 and 11.1%, respectively, but there were no differences in total dry matter (TDM) and post-silking DM (PostDM) between the two hybrids. Plant density improved leaf N, stem N, and grain N at the silking and maturity stages in 2014 and 2015. DY508 was lower in harvest index (HI), nitrogen harvest index (NHI), and grain N concentration (GNC) than NH101. Grain N in DY508 was 2.61 kg ha−1 less than in NH101, and this was caused by lower GNC and leaf RemN. On the average, DY508 was 1.62 kg ha−1 less in leaf remobilized N (leaf RemN) than NH101, but was similar in stem remobilized N (stem RemN; 2.47 kg ha−1 vs. 3.41 kg ha−1). Maize hybrid DY508 shows delayed leaf senescence in the upper and bottom canopy layers in the later stages of growth. The present study provides evidence that the NH101, which has rapid leaf senescence at the late grain-filling stage, has gained equivalent GY and higher leaf RemN, and was more efficient in N utilization.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095311918620878Test; https://doaj.org/toc/2095-3119Test

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/5450cd6a92254c7a91a7ae0279a068aaTest

المؤلفون: Gero Barmeier, Yuncai Hu, Urs Schmidhalter

المصدر: Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)

مصطلحات موضوعية: dry matter, genotype, malting quality, nitrogen, partitioning, remobilization, Plant culture, SB1-1110

الوصف: To meet the strict requirements for the malting quality of both grain size and protein content for malting barley, a better understanding of the partitioning and remobilization of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) from individual vegetative organs during grain filling may contribute to adjusting a balance in both quality parameters to satisfy the malting criteria of the brewing industry. A 2-year experiment that included 23 spring malting barley varieties was carried out to determine the DM and N partitioning in different organs at anthesis and maturity and to estimate their remobilization to grains. In contrast to the genetic variation of the 23 barley varieties, year effect was the most important single factor influencing the DM and N accumulation at pre-anthesis, and the DM and N translocation from their reserves at pre-anthesis. Post-anthesis assimilates accounted for 71–94% of the total grain yield among the barley varieties in 2014 and 53–81% in 2015. In contrast, the N reserved in vegetative tissues at anthesis contributed to barley grain N from 67% in the variety Union to 91% in the variety Marthe in 2014, and 71% in the variety Grace to 97% in the variety Shakira in 2015. The results concluded that photosynthetically derived assimilates at post-anthesis played an important role in determining grain size, whereas N reserves at pre-anthesis and N remobilization at post-anthesis probably determined the grain protein content of the malting barley. To achieve a high quality of malting barley grains in both grain size and protein content simultaneously, balancing photosynthetic assimilates at post-anthesis and N reserves at pre-anthesis and N remobilization should be considered as strategies for the combination of the selection of spring malting barley varieties together with agronomic N management.

وصف الملف: electronic resource

العلاقة: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.722871/fullTest; https://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XTest

الوصول الحر: https://doaj.org/article/ed60238881944d8bad05f168a25cbec4Test