المؤلفون: Zhu, Xiaojing

المساهمون: Schwarzbauer, Jan, Schäffer, Andreas

المصدر: Aachen 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 155 Seiten) : Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten (2020). doi:10.18154/RWTH-2020-07960 = Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2020

مصطلحات موضوعية: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550, nonextractable residues, anthropogenic organohalogens, formation mechanisms, remobilization potential

جغرافية الموضوع: DE

الوصف: Anthropogenic or ganohalogens (AOHs) are toxic and persistent pollutants that occur ubiquitously in the environment. An unneglectable portion of them can convert into non extractable residues (NER) in the natural solid substances. NER-AOHs are not detectable by conventional solvent-extraction, and will get remobilized through changes of surrounding environment. Consequently, the formation and fate of NER-AOHs should be investigated comprehensively. In the present study, both field-collected and lab-incubated samples were investigated with respect to the formation mechanisms and fate of non extractable anthropogenic organochlorine/bromine and the newly concerned contaminants per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), respectively. The field samples including terrestrial and aquatic ones were applied with solvent extraction, sequential chemical degradation and tetramethylammonium hydroxide thermochemolysis to obtain both extractable and non extractable AOHs. Over 150 AOHs were detected including DDXs (DDT (bis(chlorophenyl)trichloroethane) and its metabolites/ derivatives). DDT and its first degradation products, DDD (bis(chlorophenyl)dichloroethane) and DDE (bis(chlorophenyl)dichloroethylene), were dominant in the free extractable fraction, whereas DDM (bis(chlorophenyl)methane), DBP (bis(chlorophenyl)methanone) and DDA (bis(chlorophenyl)acetic acid) were observed primarily after chemical degradation. The detection of DDA, DDMUBr (bis(chlorophenyl)bromoethylene), DDPU (bis(chlorophenyl)propene) and DDPS (bis(chlorophenyl)propane) after chemical treatments evidenced the covalent bindings between these DDXs and the organic matrix. The identified NER-DDXs were categorized into three groups according to the three-step degradation process of DDT. Their distribution along the different pathways demonstrated significant specificity. The rest detected AOHs could be either originated from direct industrial emissions or from degradation of their precursors, and therefore were discussed with regard to their molecular ...

العلاقة: https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/record/794904; https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-2020-07960%22

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.18154/RWTH-2020-07960Test
https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/record/794904
https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-2020-07960%22

المؤلفون: Müller, Anne-Katrin

المساهمون: Hollert, Henner, Schäffer, Andreas, Segner, Helmut

المصدر: Aachen 1 Online-Ressource (XIV, 178 Seiten) : Illustrationen, Diagrame (2020). doi:10.18154/RWTH-2020-04225 = Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, 2020

مصطلحات موضوعية: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/570, endocrine disruptors, estrogen activity, flood events, remobilization, sediment

جغرافية الموضوع: DE

الوصف: To date, numerous studies worldwide have demonstrated that sediments function as a sink for a great variety of environmental pollutants, among them are substances interfering with the endocrine system, so called endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Estrogenic activity evaluated in sediment samples across Europe via in vitro bioassays ranged from 0.02 up to 55 ng 17β-estradiol (E2) equivalents/g sediment. This is of particular concern since it is well documented that waterborne exposure to even low ng/L concentrations of EDCs can impair the reproduction of freshwater fish species. Feminization of male fish is one of the most notable adverse impacts of exposure to EDCs and the production of the female egg yolk protein vitellogenin (vtg) has been observed to coincide with impairment of gonadal development evident as intersex and, ultimately, reproductive failure. In contrast, little is known about the bioavailability and effects of sediment-associated EDCs on fish. Particularly when sediments are perturbed, e.g., during flood events, sediment-bound substances may become bioavailable. During the past decades, several extreme flood events have occurred in central Europe, including Germany. The likelihood and intensity of flood events have been predicted to increase as a result of global climate change. As consequence, the European Parliament established the Directive 2007/60/EC on the assessment and management of flood risk. In order to minimize adverse consequences of flood events to humans and the environment part of such risk assessment is the evaluation of potential sources of environmental pollution as result of flooding. The main objectives of the present thesis, as part of the interdisciplinary Project House Water - a project supported by the German Excellence initiative - , were to (i) investigate the bioavailability of sediment-bound EDCs under flood-like conditions when the sediment is subject to suspension; (ii) evaluate the uptake of sediment-bound EDCs during such a simulated flood event into fish and ...

العلاقة: https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/record/787719; https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-2020-04225%22

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.18154/RWTH-2020-04225Test
https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/record/787719
https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-2020-04225%22

المؤلفون: Jablonowski, N.D., Linden, A., Köppchen, St., Thiele, B., Hofmann, D., Burauel, P.

المصدر: Environmental toxicology and chemistry 31, 1941 - 1947 (2012). doi:10.1002/etc.1851 ; .

مصطلحات موضوعية: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/690, Pesticides, Persistence, Remobilization, Leaching, Risk assessment

جغرافية الموضوع: DE

الوصف: Soil drying and rewetting may alter the release and availability of aged pesticide residues in soils. A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of soil drying and wetting on the release of pesticide residues. Soil containing environmentally long-term aged (9-17 years) (14) C-labeled residues of the herbicides ethidimuron (ETD) and methabenzthiazuron (MBT) and the fungicide anilazine (ANI) showed a significantly higher release of (14) C activity in water extracts of previously dried soil compared to constantly moistened soil throughout all samples (ETD: p < 0.1, MBT and ANI: p < 0.01). The extracted (14) C activity accounted for 44% (ETD), 15% (MBT), and 20% (ANI) of total residual (14) C activity in the samples after 20 successive dry-wet cycles, in contrast to 15% (ETD), 5% (MBT), and 6% (ANI) in extracts of constantly moistened soils. In the dry-wet soils, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content correlated with the measured (14) C activity in the aqueous liquids and indicated a potential association of DOC with the pesticide molecules. Liquid chromatography MS/MS analyses of the water extracts of dry-wet soils revealed ETD and MBT in detectable amounts, accounting for 1.83 and 0.01%, respectively, of total applied water-extractable parent compound per soil layer. These findings demonstrate a potential remobilization of environmentally aged pesticide residue fractions from soils due to abiotic stresses such as wet-dry cycles.

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/pmid:22782855; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/0730-7268; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000307938500004; https://juser.fz-juelichTest.de/record/16336; https://juser.fz-juelichTest.de/search?p=id:%22PreJuSER-16336%22

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.1851Test
https://juser.fz-juelichTest.de/record/16336
https://juser.fz-juelichTest.de/search?p=id:%22PreJuSER-16336%22

المؤلفون: Wölz, Jan, Engwall, Magnus, Maletz, Sibylle, Olsman Takner, Helena, van Bavel, Bert, Kammann, Ulrike, Klempt, Martin, Weber, Roland, Braunbeck, Thomas, Hollert, Henner

المصدر: Environmental science and pollution research : ESPR 15(7), 536-553 (2008). doi:10.1007/s11356-008-0056-6

مصطلحات موضوعية: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/570, Biowissenschaften, Biologie, AhR, Cytotoxicity, Dioxin-like activity, DR-CALUX, EROD, Flood event, GPC.2D, Multilayer fractionation, Sediment, Suspended particulate matter, Remobilization

جغرافية الموضوع: DE

العلاقة: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000260524700003; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/0944-1344; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1614-7499; https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/record/131946; https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-013070%22

الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-008-0056-6Test
https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/record/131946
https://publications.rwth-aachenTest.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-013070%22