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1
المؤلفون: Merle Sauer, Jörg Scheffel, Stefan Frischbutter, Niklas Mahnke, Marcus Maurer, Thomas Burmeister, Karoline Krause, Martin Metz
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunology, Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering, Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies), Autoimmunity, Cellular Immunology, Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry, Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology), Innate Immunity, Transplantation Immunology, Tumour Immunology, Immunology not elsewhere classified, Genetic Immunology, Animal Immunology, Veterinary Immunology, autoimmune disease, autoreactivity, basophil activation test, chronic spontaneous urticaria, gain-of-function mutation, immunoglobulin E, mast cell, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
الوصف: Background The pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has not been clarified entirely. Type IIb autoimmune chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU aiTIIb ) is a distinct subtype of CSU that is often difficult to treat and is connected to low levels of total IgE. Previous findings indicate that an enhanced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) may be responsible for reduced IgE serum levels. Objective Our aim was to investigate a possible underlying gain-of-function mutation or activating polymorphism in STAT3 that could be responsible for the low levels of IgE in patients with CSU aiTIIb . Methods We included 10 patients with CSU aiTIIb and low levels of IgE and sequenced selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in STAT3 associated with common autoimmune diseases. Exon sequencing was performed for the most relevant exons of STAT3. To test for a gain-of-function of STAT3, we performed a phospho-specific flow cytometry analysis of STAT3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells before and after stimulation with interleukin-6. Results No differences were found in the prevalence of the tested SNPs between our patients and a control population. Moreover, we could not find any mutations or variants on the tested exons of STAT3. The function of STAT3 was also not altered in our patients. Conclusion In total, we could not find any evidence for our hypothesis that low IgE in patients with CSU aiTIIb is linked to mutations in STAT3 or altered activity of STAT3. Thus, it remains to be discovered what causes the low serum levels of IgE in patients with CSU aiTIIb .
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.902652.s001Test
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/DataSheet_1_STAT3_gain-of-function_is_not_responsible_for_low_total_IgE_levels_in_patients_with_autoimmune_chronic_spontaneous_urticaria_docx/20336514Test -
2
المؤلفون: Polina Pyatilova, Tameem Ashry, Yanyan Luo, Jiajun He, Hanna Bonnekoh, Qingqing Jiao, Sherezade Moñino-Romero, Man Hu, Jörg Scheffel, Stefan Frischbutter, Maud A. W. Hermans, Bradford A. Youngblood, Marcus Maurer, Frank Siebenhaar, Pavel Kolkhir
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunology, Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering, Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies), Autoimmunity, Cellular Immunology, Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry, Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology), Innate Immunity, Transplantation Immunology, Tumour Immunology, Immunology not elsewhere classified, Genetic Immunology, Animal Immunology, Veterinary Immunology, MRGPRX2, cortistatin, mastocytosis, mast cell, mRNA, major basic protein (MBP), skin, symptoms
الوصف: Background Recently, the expression of the mast cell (MC) receptor Mas-related G protein–coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) has been detected in lesional skin of adult patients with cutaneous mastocytosis. As of yet, little is known about the clinical relevance of MRGPRX2 and its agonists in patients with mastocytosis, including indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM). Methods MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2 agonists, cortistatin (CST), and major basic protein (MBP) were analyzed in lesional and non-lesional skin of patients with ISM and skin of healthy controls by immunohistochemistry. Co-localization of MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2-mRNA with the MC marker tryptase was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy and in situ hybridization, respectively. We assessed clinical, demographic, and laboratory data, including mastocytosis activity score (MAS), serum tryptase, and KIT D816V allele burden. Results The number of MRGPRX2-expressing (MRGPRX2+) cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST-expressing (CST+) and MBP-expressing (MBP+) cells was significantly higher in lesional skin as compared to non-lesional skin and/or skin of healthy controls (all p < 0.05). Increased numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST+ and MBP+ cells were not associated with clinical and laboratory features of ISM, including disease burden, symptom severity, evidence of anaphylaxis, and tryptase levels. Conclusions Skin lesions of patients with ISM showed high numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, although they were not linked to symptom severity. Clinical relevance of the MRGPRX2-mediated pathway of MC activation in ISM remains unclear and should be investigated in further studies.
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.930945.s001Test
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/DataSheet_1_The_Number_of_MRGPRX2-Expressing_Cells_Is_Increased_in_Skin_Lesions_of_Patients_With_Indolent_Systemic_Mastocytosis_But_Is_Not_Linked_to_Symptom_Severity_docx/20376351Test -
3
المؤلفون: Polina Pyatilova, Tameem Ashry, Yanyan Luo, Jiajun He, Hanna Bonnekoh, Qingqing Jiao, Sherezade Moñino-Romero, Man Hu, Jörg Scheffel, Stefan Frischbutter, Maud A. W. Hermans, Bradford A. Youngblood, Marcus Maurer, Frank Siebenhaar, Pavel Kolkhir
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunology, Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering, Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies), Autoimmunity, Cellular Immunology, Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry, Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology), Innate Immunity, Transplantation Immunology, Tumour Immunology, Immunology not elsewhere classified, Genetic Immunology, Animal Immunology, Veterinary Immunology, MRGPRX2, cortistatin, mastocytosis, mast cell, mRNA, major basic protein (MBP), skin, symptoms
الوصف: Background Recently, the expression of the mast cell (MC) receptor Mas-related G protein–coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) has been detected in lesional skin of adult patients with cutaneous mastocytosis. As of yet, little is known about the clinical relevance of MRGPRX2 and its agonists in patients with mastocytosis, including indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM). Methods MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2 agonists, cortistatin (CST), and major basic protein (MBP) were analyzed in lesional and non-lesional skin of patients with ISM and skin of healthy controls by immunohistochemistry. Co-localization of MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2-mRNA with the MC marker tryptase was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy and in situ hybridization, respectively. We assessed clinical, demographic, and laboratory data, including mastocytosis activity score (MAS), serum tryptase, and KIT D816V allele burden. Results The number of MRGPRX2-expressing (MRGPRX2+) cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST-expressing (CST+) and MBP-expressing (MBP+) cells was significantly higher in lesional skin as compared to non-lesional skin and/or skin of healthy controls (all p < 0.05). Increased numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST+ and MBP+ cells were not associated with clinical and laboratory features of ISM, including disease burden, symptom severity, evidence of anaphylaxis, and tryptase levels. Conclusions Skin lesions of patients with ISM showed high numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, although they were not linked to symptom severity. Clinical relevance of the MRGPRX2-mediated pathway of MC activation in ISM remains unclear and should be investigated in further studies.
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.930945.s005Test
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_The_Number_of_MRGPRX2-Expressing_Cells_Is_Increased_in_Skin_Lesions_of_Patients_With_Indolent_Systemic_Mastocytosis_But_Is_Not_Linked_to_Symptom_Severity_docx/20376363Test -
4صورة
المؤلفون: Polina Pyatilova, Tameem Ashry, Yanyan Luo, Jiajun He, Hanna Bonnekoh, Qingqing Jiao, Sherezade Moñino-Romero, Man Hu, Jörg Scheffel, Stefan Frischbutter, Maud A. W. Hermans, Bradford A. Youngblood, Marcus Maurer, Frank Siebenhaar, Pavel Kolkhir
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunology, Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering, Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies), Autoimmunity, Cellular Immunology, Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry, Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology), Innate Immunity, Transplantation Immunology, Tumour Immunology, Immunology not elsewhere classified, Genetic Immunology, Animal Immunology, Veterinary Immunology, MRGPRX2, cortistatin, mastocytosis, mast cell, mRNA, major basic protein (MBP), skin, symptoms
الوصف: Background Recently, the expression of the mast cell (MC) receptor Mas-related G protein–coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) has been detected in lesional skin of adult patients with cutaneous mastocytosis. As of yet, little is known about the clinical relevance of MRGPRX2 and its agonists in patients with mastocytosis, including indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM). Methods MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2 agonists, cortistatin (CST), and major basic protein (MBP) were analyzed in lesional and non-lesional skin of patients with ISM and skin of healthy controls by immunohistochemistry. Co-localization of MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2-mRNA with the MC marker tryptase was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy and in situ hybridization, respectively. We assessed clinical, demographic, and laboratory data, including mastocytosis activity score (MAS), serum tryptase, and KIT D816V allele burden. Results The number of MRGPRX2-expressing (MRGPRX2+) cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST-expressing (CST+) and MBP-expressing (MBP+) cells was significantly higher in lesional skin as compared to non-lesional skin and/or skin of healthy controls (all p < 0.05). Increased numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST+ and MBP+ cells were not associated with clinical and laboratory features of ISM, including disease burden, symptom severity, evidence of anaphylaxis, and tryptase levels. Conclusions Skin lesions of patients with ISM showed high numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, although they were not linked to symptom severity. Clinical relevance of the MRGPRX2-mediated pathway of MC activation in ISM remains unclear and should be investigated in further studies.
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.930945.s003Test
https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_2_The_Number_of_MRGPRX2-Expressing_Cells_Is_Increased_in_Skin_Lesions_of_Patients_With_Indolent_Systemic_Mastocytosis_But_Is_Not_Linked_to_Symptom_Severity_jpeg/20376357Test -
5
المؤلفون: Polina Pyatilova, Tameem Ashry, Yanyan Luo, Jiajun He, Hanna Bonnekoh, Qingqing Jiao, Sherezade Moñino-Romero, Man Hu, Jörg Scheffel, Stefan Frischbutter, Maud A. W. Hermans, Bradford A. Youngblood, Marcus Maurer, Frank Siebenhaar, Pavel Kolkhir
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunology, Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering, Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies), Autoimmunity, Cellular Immunology, Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry, Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology), Innate Immunity, Transplantation Immunology, Tumour Immunology, Immunology not elsewhere classified, Genetic Immunology, Animal Immunology, Veterinary Immunology, MRGPRX2, cortistatin, mastocytosis, mast cell, mRNA, major basic protein (MBP), skin, symptoms
الوصف: Background Recently, the expression of the mast cell (MC) receptor Mas-related G protein–coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) has been detected in lesional skin of adult patients with cutaneous mastocytosis. As of yet, little is known about the clinical relevance of MRGPRX2 and its agonists in patients with mastocytosis, including indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM). Methods MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2 agonists, cortistatin (CST), and major basic protein (MBP) were analyzed in lesional and non-lesional skin of patients with ISM and skin of healthy controls by immunohistochemistry. Co-localization of MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2-mRNA with the MC marker tryptase was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy and in situ hybridization, respectively. We assessed clinical, demographic, and laboratory data, including mastocytosis activity score (MAS), serum tryptase, and KIT D816V allele burden. Results The number of MRGPRX2-expressing (MRGPRX2+) cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST-expressing (CST+) and MBP-expressing (MBP+) cells was significantly higher in lesional skin as compared to non-lesional skin and/or skin of healthy controls (all p < 0.05). Increased numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST+ and MBP+ cells were not associated with clinical and laboratory features of ISM, including disease burden, symptom severity, evidence of anaphylaxis, and tryptase levels. Conclusions Skin lesions of patients with ISM showed high numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, although they were not linked to symptom severity. Clinical relevance of the MRGPRX2-mediated pathway of MC activation in ISM remains unclear and should be investigated in further studies.
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.930945.s006Test
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_2_The_Number_of_MRGPRX2-Expressing_Cells_Is_Increased_in_Skin_Lesions_of_Patients_With_Indolent_Systemic_Mastocytosis_But_Is_Not_Linked_to_Symptom_Severity_docx/20376366Test -
6صورة
المؤلفون: Polina Pyatilova, Tameem Ashry, Yanyan Luo, Jiajun He, Hanna Bonnekoh, Qingqing Jiao, Sherezade Moñino-Romero, Man Hu, Jörg Scheffel, Stefan Frischbutter, Maud A. W. Hermans, Bradford A. Youngblood, Marcus Maurer, Frank Siebenhaar, Pavel Kolkhir
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunology, Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering, Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies), Autoimmunity, Cellular Immunology, Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry, Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology), Innate Immunity, Transplantation Immunology, Tumour Immunology, Immunology not elsewhere classified, Genetic Immunology, Animal Immunology, Veterinary Immunology, MRGPRX2, cortistatin, mastocytosis, mast cell, mRNA, major basic protein (MBP), skin, symptoms
الوصف: Background Recently, the expression of the mast cell (MC) receptor Mas-related G protein–coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) has been detected in lesional skin of adult patients with cutaneous mastocytosis. As of yet, little is known about the clinical relevance of MRGPRX2 and its agonists in patients with mastocytosis, including indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM). Methods MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2 agonists, cortistatin (CST), and major basic protein (MBP) were analyzed in lesional and non-lesional skin of patients with ISM and skin of healthy controls by immunohistochemistry. Co-localization of MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2-mRNA with the MC marker tryptase was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy and in situ hybridization, respectively. We assessed clinical, demographic, and laboratory data, including mastocytosis activity score (MAS), serum tryptase, and KIT D816V allele burden. Results The number of MRGPRX2-expressing (MRGPRX2+) cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST-expressing (CST+) and MBP-expressing (MBP+) cells was significantly higher in lesional skin as compared to non-lesional skin and/or skin of healthy controls (all p < 0.05). Increased numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST+ and MBP+ cells were not associated with clinical and laboratory features of ISM, including disease burden, symptom severity, evidence of anaphylaxis, and tryptase levels. Conclusions Skin lesions of patients with ISM showed high numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, although they were not linked to symptom severity. Clinical relevance of the MRGPRX2-mediated pathway of MC activation in ISM remains unclear and should be investigated in further studies.
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.930945.s004Test
https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_3_The_Number_of_MRGPRX2-Expressing_Cells_Is_Increased_in_Skin_Lesions_of_Patients_With_Indolent_Systemic_Mastocytosis_But_Is_Not_Linked_to_Symptom_Severity_jpeg/20376360Test -
7صورة
المؤلفون: Polina Pyatilova, Tameem Ashry, Yanyan Luo, Jiajun He, Hanna Bonnekoh, Qingqing Jiao, Sherezade Moñino-Romero, Man Hu, Jörg Scheffel, Stefan Frischbutter, Maud A. W. Hermans, Bradford A. Youngblood, Marcus Maurer, Frank Siebenhaar, Pavel Kolkhir
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunology, Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering, Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies), Autoimmunity, Cellular Immunology, Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry, Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology), Innate Immunity, Transplantation Immunology, Tumour Immunology, Immunology not elsewhere classified, Genetic Immunology, Animal Immunology, Veterinary Immunology, MRGPRX2, cortistatin, mastocytosis, mast cell, mRNA, major basic protein (MBP), skin, symptoms
الوصف: Background Recently, the expression of the mast cell (MC) receptor Mas-related G protein–coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) has been detected in lesional skin of adult patients with cutaneous mastocytosis. As of yet, little is known about the clinical relevance of MRGPRX2 and its agonists in patients with mastocytosis, including indolent systemic mastocytosis (ISM). Methods MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2 agonists, cortistatin (CST), and major basic protein (MBP) were analyzed in lesional and non-lesional skin of patients with ISM and skin of healthy controls by immunohistochemistry. Co-localization of MRGPRX2 and MRGPRX2-mRNA with the MC marker tryptase was assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy and in situ hybridization, respectively. We assessed clinical, demographic, and laboratory data, including mastocytosis activity score (MAS), serum tryptase, and KIT D816V allele burden. Results The number of MRGPRX2-expressing (MRGPRX2+) cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST-expressing (CST+) and MBP-expressing (MBP+) cells was significantly higher in lesional skin as compared to non-lesional skin and/or skin of healthy controls (all p < 0.05). Increased numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, MRGPRX2-mRNA+ MCs, and CST+ and MBP+ cells were not associated with clinical and laboratory features of ISM, including disease burden, symptom severity, evidence of anaphylaxis, and tryptase levels. Conclusions Skin lesions of patients with ISM showed high numbers of MRGPRX2+ cells, although they were not linked to symptom severity. Clinical relevance of the MRGPRX2-mediated pathway of MC activation in ISM remains unclear and should be investigated in further studies.
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.930945.s002Test
https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Image_1_The_Number_of_MRGPRX2-Expressing_Cells_Is_Increased_in_Skin_Lesions_of_Patients_With_Indolent_Systemic_Mastocytosis_But_Is_Not_Linked_to_Symptom_Severity_jpeg/20376354Test -
8
المؤلفون: Jinchan Li, Simon Reinke, Yu Shen, Lena Schollmeyer, Yuk-Chien Liu, Zixu Wang, Sebastian Hardt, Christian Hipfl, Ute Hoffmann, Stefan Frischbutter, Hyun-Dong Chang, Tobias Alexander, Carsten Perka, Helena Radbruch, Zhihai Qin, Andreas Radbruch, Jun Dong
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunology, Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering, Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies), Autoimmunity, Cellular Immunology, Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry, Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology), Innate Immunity, Transplantation Immunology, Tumour Immunology, Immunology not elsewhere classified, Genetic Immunology, Animal Immunology, Veterinary Immunology, SARS-CoV-2, cross-reactive, memory CD4+ T lymphocytes, human bone marrow, peripheral blood, polyfunctional, tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm)
الوصف: Circulating, blood-borne SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory T cells in persons so far unexposed to SARS-CoV-2 or the vaccines have been described in 20-100% of the adult population. They are credited with determining the efficacy of the immune response in COVID-19. Here, we demonstrate the presence of preexisting memory CD4 + T cells reacting to peptides of the spike, membrane, or nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2 in the bone marrow of all 17 persons investigated that had previously not been exposed to SARS-CoV-2 or one of the vaccines targeting it, with only 15 of these persons also having such cells detectable circulating in the blood. The preexisting SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory CD4 + T cells of the bone marrow are abundant and polyfunctional, with the phenotype of central memory T cells. They are tissue-resident, at least in those persons who do not have such cells in the blood, and about 30% of them express CD69. Bone marrow resident SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory CD4 + memory T cells are also abundant in vaccinated persons analyzed 10-168 days after 1°-4° vaccination. Apart from securing the bone marrow, preexisting cross-reactive memory CD4 + T cells may play an important role in shaping the systemic immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and the vaccines, and contribute essentially to the rapid establishment of long-lasting immunity provided by memory plasma cells, already upon primary infection.
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1004656.s002Test
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Table_1_A_ubiquitous_bone_marrow_reservoir_of_preexisting_SARS-CoV-2-reactive_memory_CD4_T_lymphocytes_in_unexposed_individuals_docx/21267225Test -
9
المؤلفون: Jinchan Li, Simon Reinke, Yu Shen, Lena Schollmeyer, Yuk-Chien Liu, Zixu Wang, Sebastian Hardt, Christian Hipfl, Ute Hoffmann, Stefan Frischbutter, Hyun-Dong Chang, Tobias Alexander, Carsten Perka, Helena Radbruch, Zhihai Qin, Andreas Radbruch, Jun Dong
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunology, Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering, Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies), Autoimmunity, Cellular Immunology, Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry, Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology), Innate Immunity, Transplantation Immunology, Tumour Immunology, Immunology not elsewhere classified, Genetic Immunology, Animal Immunology, Veterinary Immunology, SARS-CoV-2, cross-reactive, memory CD4+ T lymphocytes, human bone marrow, peripheral blood, polyfunctional, tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm)
الوصف: Circulating, blood-borne SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory T cells in persons so far unexposed to SARS-CoV-2 or the vaccines have been described in 20-100% of the adult population. They are credited with determining the efficacy of the immune response in COVID-19. Here, we demonstrate the presence of preexisting memory CD4 + T cells reacting to peptides of the spike, membrane, or nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2 in the bone marrow of all 17 persons investigated that had previously not been exposed to SARS-CoV-2 or one of the vaccines targeting it, with only 15 of these persons also having such cells detectable circulating in the blood. The preexisting SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory CD4 + T cells of the bone marrow are abundant and polyfunctional, with the phenotype of central memory T cells. They are tissue-resident, at least in those persons who do not have such cells in the blood, and about 30% of them express CD69. Bone marrow resident SARS-CoV-2-reactive memory CD4 + memory T cells are also abundant in vaccinated persons analyzed 10-168 days after 1°-4° vaccination. Apart from securing the bone marrow, preexisting cross-reactive memory CD4 + T cells may play an important role in shaping the systemic immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and the vaccines, and contribute essentially to the rapid establishment of long-lasting immunity provided by memory plasma cells, already upon primary infection.
الإتاحة: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1004656.s001Test
https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/DataSheet_1_A_ubiquitous_bone_marrow_reservoir_of_preexisting_SARS-CoV-2-reactive_memory_CD4_T_lymphocytes_in_unexposed_individuals_pdf/21267222Test -
10صورة
المؤلفون: Merle Sauer (10736997), Jörg Scheffel (309971), Stefan Frischbutter (6578333), Pavel Kolkhir (5480630), Yi-Kui Xiang (10737000), Frank Siebenhaar (345051), Sabine Altrichter (224869), Marcus Maurer (224879), Martin Metz (224876), Karoline Krause (345052)
مصطلحات موضوعية: Immunology, Applied Immunology (incl. Antibody Engineering, Xenotransplantation and T-cell Therapies), Autoimmunity, Cellular Immunology, Humoural Immunology and Immunochemistry, Immunogenetics (incl. Genetic Immunology), Innate Immunity, Transplantation Immunology, Tumour Immunology, Immunology not elsewhere classified, Genetic Immunology, Animal Immunology, Veterinary Immunology, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin E, chronic spontaneous urticaria, autoreactivity, autoimmune disease, basophils, eosinophils
الوصف: Background The pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is still insufficiently understood. Recent findings suggest that immunoglobulins, in particular IgE but also IgA, play a role in the development of CSU. Objective Our aim was to assess differences in clinical and laboratory markers between CSU patients with and without lower levels of serum IgA and IgE. Methods We analyzed the data of 606 patients with CSU by dividing them into four groups based on their IgA and IgE levels. The groups were compared for their spectrum of symptoms, disease activity, concomitant autoimmunity and routine laboratory markers. Autoreactivity was assessed by basophil activation test (BAT). Moreover, IgE-anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) was measured. Results Of the patients with lower IgE levels, 66.5% also had lower IgA levels (r=0.316, p<0.001). Patients with lower IgA and lower IgE levels showed a higher prevalence of recurrent angioedema (p=0.03, p=0.04) and concomitant autoimmunity (p=0.006, p<0.001). Autoreactivity was also found more frequently in patients with lower IgA and lower IgE levels (p=0.003, p<0.001). Reduced basophil counts were linked to both, lower IgA and lower IgE levels (p<0.001), whereas low eosinophil counts were primarily present in patients with lower IgE levels (p=0.04, p<0.001). Patients with elevated IgE-anti-TPO levels had lower IgA (p=0.007) and IgE levels (p=0.001). Conclusion Lower IgA levels in CSU are linked to lower IgE levels and features of autoimmune urticaria. Our findings encourage to screen CSU patients for serum IgA and IgE levels and to further assess their role as disease biomarkers.
