المؤلفون: Yan Duan, Faucitano, Luigi, Rivest, Joël, Graveline, Nancy, Cliche, Simon, Gariépy, Claude

المصدر: Canadian Journal of Animal Science; Jun2018, Vol. 98 Issue 2, p213-220, 8p

مصطلحات موضوعية: QUALITY of pork, ERECTOR spinae muscles, SENSORY evaluation, SLAUGHTERING, LACTATE dehydrogenase

الملخص (بالإنجليزية): A total of 119 pigs were used to investigate the effect of slaughter weight (107, 115, and 125 kg), growth rate (fast vs. slow), and sex (barrows vs. gilts) on the longissimusmuscle biochemical and sensory traits. Increasing slaughter weight to 125 kg resulted in greater postmortem activity of calpastatin (P = 0.01), lactate dehydrogenase (P = 0.01), and citrate synthase (P = 0.02). Pork toughness and juiciness at 6 d were affected by the interaction slaughter weight × growth rate × sex, with pork being tougher (P = 0.04) and juicer (P = 0.03) in slow-growing gilts slaughtered at 125 and 115 kg, respectively. Flavour was scored higher (P = 0.03) in pork from gilts than from barrows. Overall, based on the slight and likely undetectable differences by the average consumer in the meat sensory traits, it can be concluded that slaughter weight can be increased to 125 kg without appreciable effect on the sensory properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract (French): Un total de 119 porcs ont été utilisé afin d'étudier les effets du poids d'abattage (107, 115 et 125 kg), le taux de croissance (rapide c. lent) et le sexe (mâles castrés c. femelles) sur les caractéristiques biochimiques et sensorielles du muscle longissimus. L'augmentation du poids d'abattage jusqu'à 125 kg a augmenté l'activité postmortemde la calpastatine (P = 0,01), la lactate déshydrogénase (P = 0,01) et la citrate synthase (P = 0,02). La fermeté et la jutosité de la viande de porc à 6 j ont été influencées par l'interaction poids d'abattage × taux de croissance × sexe, qui a produit une viande plus ferme (P = 0,04) et plus juteuse (P = 0,03) chez les femelles à croissance lente abattues à un poids de 125 et 115 kg, respectivement. La saveur de la viande a été cotée plus élevée (P = 0,03) chez les femelles que chez les mâles castrés. En général, basé sur les différences légères et potentiellement non détectables par le consommateur moyen des caractéristiques sensorielles de la viande, on peut conclure que le poids d'abattage peut être augmenté jusqu'à 125 kg sans effet appréciable sur les qualités sensorielles de la viande. [Traduit par la Rédaction]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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المؤلفون: Joël Rivest, Yan Duan, Simon Cliche, Nancy Graveline, Luigi Faucitano, Claude Gariépy

المصدر: Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 98:213-220

مصطلحات موضوعية: 0301 basic medicine, Longissimus muscle, Muscle metabolism, 0402 animal and dairy science, food and beverages, Sensory system, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Biology, 040201 dairy & animal science, Slaughter weight, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 030104 developmental biology, Animal science, Food Animals, chemistry, Lactate dehydrogenase, biology.protein, Citrate synthase, Animal Science and Zoology, Growth rate, Calpastatin

الوصف: A total of 119 pigs were used to investigate the effect of slaughter weight (107, 115, and 125 kg), growth rate (fast vs. slow), and sex (barrows vs. gilts) on the longissimus muscle biochemical and sensory traits. Increasing slaughter weight to 125 kg resulted in greater postmortem activity of calpastatin (P = 0.01), lactate dehydrogenase (P = 0.01), and citrate synthase (P = 0.02). Pork toughness and juiciness at 6 d were affected by the interaction slaughter weight × growth rate × sex, with pork being tougher (P = 0.04) and juicer (P = 0.03) in slow-growing gilts slaughtered at 125 and 115 kg, respectively. Flavour was scored higher (P = 0.03) in pork from gilts than from barrows. Overall, based on the slight and likely undetectable differences by the average consumer in the meat sensory traits, it can be concluded that slaughter weight can be increased to 125 kg without appreciable effect on the sensory properties.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::f16b5ff6a7fabe926f0b1a095c38ee09Test
https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2017-0032Test

المؤلفون: Lin Huang, Su-Yu Jin, Ya-Ou Xu, Yu-Ping Li, Ya-Qiu Lin, Yu-Cai Zheng

المصدر: Canadian Journal of Animal Science; Sep2012, Vol. 92 Issue 3, p291-296, 6p

مصطلحات موضوعية: YAK, BOS, MESSENGER RNA, POLYMERASE chain reaction, POLYMERIZATION, LACTATE dehydrogenase, SCROTUM

مستخلص: The article focuses on a study which aims to analyze quantitatively the alternative splicing of the lactate dehydrogenase C gene in the testes of yak and male sterile yak hybrid. It reveals that the deletion of exons in the mRNA transcripts caused reading frame shift and formation of stop codon in several variants. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis is discussed.

المؤلفون: H. Doornenbal, S. D. M. Jones, A. K. W. Tong, A. C. Murray, A. P. Sather, Allan L. Schaefer

المصدر: Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 70:845-855

مصطلحات موضوعية: Creatinine, Porcine stress syndrome, Biology, Crossbreed, Red blood cell, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine.anatomical_structure, Blood serum, Animal science, Food Animals, chemistry, Blood chemistry, Lactate dehydrogenase, Immunology, medicine, Animal Science and Zoology, Halothane, medicine.drug

الوصف: A total of 284 pigs representing three genotypes were used to study the cause(s) of PSE musculature and possible means of detection of carriers of the halothane gene for stress susceptibility. The three genotypes included a homozygous halothane-sensitive line (H+), a homozygous halothane-negative line (H−) and a genetic carrier line (crossbreeds) from crosses between H+ and H− lines. A variety of blood components were determined in blood collected either from indwelling ear vein catheters on unrestrained pigs, from pigs during a halothane test or from conscious restrained pigs. Differences in levels of cortisol (P = 0.0003), creatinine (P = 0.0001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST, P = 0.0001) and lactate dehydrogenase (P = 0.0001) were highly significant between H+ and H− lines, with crossbreeds showing intermediate levels, except for AST where H− and crossbred animals had similar levels. In addition, red blood cell counts (P = 0.014) and serum protein levels (P = 0.008) were higher, and inorganic phosphorous (Pi) levels (P = 0.019) lower in H+ compared to H− and crossbred animals. Based on the results of this study, differences in the circulating levels of these metabolites, hormones or enzymes among genotypes would enable the discriminant identification of virtually all the halothane-positive pigs as well as up to 84% of the carrier animals. This approach theoretically could have a significant impact on the removal of pigs causing PSE pork.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::b4162c0c1b987e2048786fbdf8672927Test
https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas90-103Test

المؤلفون: M. E. Tumbleson, R. W. Bide, W. J. Dorward

المصدر: Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 53:697-707

مصطلحات موضوعية: Creatinine, Chemistry, Bilirubin, Fed cattle, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animal science, Food Animals, Biochemistry, Lactate dehydrogenase, Feedlot, Hay, Alkaline phosphatase, Animal Science and Zoology, Beet pulp

الوصف: In a preliminary study, 12 Hereford range cattle were fed in a feedlot for 105 days and 14-point biomedical profiles were prepared regularly at short intervals for the week prior to and during the feeding period to provide a clinical chemical view of the effects of the regimen upon cattle. The animals were fed for a week on local hay and then adapted to the grain diet (90% steam-rolled barley, 5% beet pulp, 5% of a commercial supplement containing 32% protein) by introducing the diet at 1.0 kg feed/100 kg body weight and increasing the ration 0.45 kg/head per 2 days. The hay ration was progressively reduced at the same time so that from the 8th day onward the animals were eating 0.9 kg/head per day and the grain diet ad libitum. Plasma cholesterol, Ca++, Cl−, bilirubin, creatinine, protein, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, urea nitrogen, glucose, Na+, and K+ were estimated at close intervals to provide linear biomedical profiles. Although no changes were observed that could be classified as pathological either from the clinical chemistry or post-mortem examination, significant changes were observed in the levels of some parameters and in most parameters the variance was significantly higher during the first 40 days of the feeding period. The changes observed would indicate that metabolic adaptation requires at least 40 days following the start of grain feeding in contrast to dietary adaptation, which is generally considered complete 2 days after the animals are eating the grain diet ad libitum.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::f0a22fa2b48d296bfca9760693895507Test
https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas73-111Test

المؤلفون: Marcel A. Luyten, J. John Holbrook, Anthony R. Clarke, Marvin Gold, J. Bryan Jones, Louis Provencher, James D. Friesen, Daniel Bur, Hla Wynn

المصدر: Canadian Journal of Chemistry. 67:1065-1070

مصطلحات موضوعية: Stereospecificity, Biochemistry, Chemistry, Stereochemistry, Organic Chemistry, Enantioselective synthesis, Substrate specificity, Dehydrogenase, L-Lactate dehydrogenase, General Chemistry, Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, Catalysis

الوصف: The potential utility of the L-lactate dehydrogenase of Bacillusstearothermophilus (BSLDH) for stereospecific, preparative-scale reductions of α-keto acids to (S)-α-hydroxy acids of > 99% ee has been demonstrated. BSLDH is a stable, thermophilic, enzyme whose gene has been cloned into a high-expression vector to assure its plentiful supply. Its specificity for keto acid substrates possessing straight- and branched-chain alkyl, cyclopropyl, or phenyl groups has been evaluated in preparative and kinetic terms, and compared with that of the mammalian pig heart enzyme (PHLDH). The specificities of BSLDH and PHLDH are similar, with branched alkyl-chain keto acids being poor substrates for both enzymes. Keywords: enzymes in organic syntheses, lactate dehydrogenase, asymmetric synthesis.

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::c4cd8564150c7c59cd588278b16c31b2Test
https://doi.org/10.1139/v89-161Test

المؤلفون: Roy S. Bush

المصدر: Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 62:429-438

مصطلحات موضوعية: chemistry.chemical_classification, Chromatography, Sonication, Extraction (chemistry), Biology, Malate dehydrogenase, Isozyme, Enzyme assay, chemistry.chemical_compound, Rumen, Enzyme, Food Animals, Biochemistry, chemistry, Lactate dehydrogenase, biology.protein, Animal Science and Zoology

الوصف: Papillae collected from the rumens of freshly killed cows were used to estimate the most appropriate methods for enzyme extraction from rumen epithelium and the amount of enzymes in extracts which might be of bacterial origin. Extractions of enzymes from fresh and frozen papillae were compared for the Polytron homogenizer (PT), the Potter-Elvehjem homogenizer (PE), the Waring blender, sonication and acetone powdering plus PE. PE extraction yielded solutions with the highest specific activity for each enzyme. PT extraction released the most protein and total enzyme activity into solution. PT extraction was chosen for the remaining tests because of the high total activity released. Mixed rumen bacteria were homogenized by sonication. Electrophoretic examination of epithelial and bacterial extracts showed differential migration for malate dehydrogenase. Lactate dehydrogenase from the epithelium showed four distinct isozymes whereas the bacterial enzyme showed little distinct band development. Contamination of epithelial extracts by bacterial protein was estimated to be less than 5%. The specific activities of 10 enzymes were found to be similar in epithelial and bacterial extracts so that a small amount of protein contamination would result in only a small contribution to total enzyme activity. The presence of the enzymes assayed in this study plus a number reported in the literature showed that rumen epithelial metabolism is more diverse than previously recognized. Key words: Rumen epithelium, enzymes, extraction

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::ccdbd7674f1d55992bbcb5e71fe07121Test
https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas82-050Test

المؤلفون: A. K. W. Tong, A. H. Martin, A. P. Sather, H. Doornenbal

المصدر: Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 63:977-984

مصطلحات موضوعية: medicine.medical_specialty, Creatinine, Bilirubin, Albumin, chemistry.chemical_element, Biology, Calcium, chemistry.chemical_compound, Blood serum, Endocrinology, Food Animals, chemistry, Lactate dehydrogenase, Internal medicine, medicine, Urea, Alkaline phosphatase, Animal Science and Zoology

الوصف: Blood samples from 120 pigs serially slaughtered at five age groups, starting at 85 days of age with intervals of 2 wk, were used to study the effects of sex, feeding regime and age on a 12 component metabolic blood serum profile. The differences between barrows and gilts were small and only significant (P

الوصول الحر: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::d3861fa0047e909e2ffa2869d82afbd9Test
https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas83-112Test

المؤلفون: Huang, Lin¹, Jin, Su-Yu¹, Xu, Ya-Ou¹, Li, Yu-Ping², Lin, Ya-Qiu¹, Zheng, Yu-Cai^1,1

المصدر: Canadian Journal of Animal Science 92(3):291-296. 2012