دورية أكاديمية
Characterization of macrophage activation after treatment with polysaccharides from ginseng according to heat processing
| العنوان: | Characterization of macrophage activation after treatment with polysaccharides from ginseng according to heat processing |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Sung Jin Kim, Seung-Hoon Baek, Ki Sung Kang, Myoung-Sook Shin |
| المصدر: | Applied Biological Chemistry, Vol 66, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2023) |
| بيانات النشر: | SpringerOpen, 2023. |
| سنة النشر: | 2023 |
| المجموعة: | LCC:Agriculture (General) LCC:Chemistry |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Ginseng, Heat processing, Polysaccharides, Macrophage, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Chemistry, QD1-999 |
| الوصف: | Abstract The worldwide persistence of infectious diseases is a significant public health issue. Consequently, studying immunomodulatory ingredients present in natural products, such as ginseng, is important for developing new treatment options. Here, we extracted three different types of polysaccharides from white (P-WG), red (P-RG), and heat-processed (P-HPG) ginseng and analyzed their chemical properties and immunostimulatory activity against RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. Carbohydrates were the main components of all three polysaccharide types, while uronic acid and protein levels were relatively low. Chemical analysis indicated that the content of carbohydrates (total sugar) increased with processing temperature, while that of uronic acid decreased. Treatment with P-WG, P-RG or P-HPG stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production and increased tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in RAW 264.7 macrophages, with P-WG showing the highest activity among the three polysaccharides. The expression of inducible NO synthase, which affects NO secretion, was highest in the macrophages treated with P-WG. Analysis of intracellular signaling pathways showed that mitogen-activated protein kinases (ERK, JNK, and p38) and NF-kB p65 were strongly phosphorylated by P-WG in macrophages but were only moderately phosphorylated by P-RG and P-HPG. Collectively, these results suggest that the polysaccharides isolated from ginseng undergo different changes in response to heat processing and display different chemical compositions and immune-enhancing activities. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article |
| وصف الملف: | electronic resource |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 2468-0842 |
| العلاقة: | https://doaj.org/toc/2468-0842Test |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s13765-023-00774-6 |
| الوصول الحر: | https://doaj.org/article/0050e217e69b4a4697ee70b471d7450eTest |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsdoj.0050e217e69b4a4697ee70b471d7450e |
| قاعدة البيانات: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 24680842 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1186/s13765-023-00774-6 |